大学英语-翻译课件-正反译法3.ppt
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1、He returned safe and sound. 他安然无恙地回来了。 It is reported that the coalition troops are short of supplies. 据悉联军给养不足。 Withholding his opinion for the moment, he listened to his boss holding forth. 他没有再言语,听任老板在那里滔滔不绝。 Appearances are often deceptive. 外表往往是靠不住的。 The U.S.A accepted the peace proposal with d
2、ignity. 美国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案。,I cant agree with you more. 我完全同意。 We couldnt be more mistaken. 你们大错特错了。 He spared no pains doing this. 他为这件事竭尽全力。 She denied him nothing 她对他百依百顺。 . When conflict occurs in everyday life, Americans, instead of considering whose responsibility it is, will say sorry, so long
3、as it brings inconvenience to others. 当生活出现小摩擦时,美国人并不去考虑是谁的责任,只要给对方带来不方便,都要说一声sorry.,正反译法 nagation,Translation,When English words or sentences contain the negative meaning or the words never, no, not, or suffix non-,un-,im-,in-,ir-,-less, etc and Chinese words or sentences contain the negative meani
4、ng or the characters“不”、“没”、“无”、“未”、“甭”、“别”、“休”、“莫”、“非”、“毋”、“勿”etc,these words or sentences are called negative expression,Negation:,Translation,The method which expresses affirmative sentences in a negative way is called affirmative-negative expression. In the mean time, the method which expresses
5、negative sentences in an affirmative way is called negative-affirmative expression. Both the ways of expression are called negation in translation practice.,1.Affirmative-Negative expression 1.1Noun 1) There was a complete absence of information on the oil deposit in that area. 关于该地区的石油储藏情况,人们毫无所知。,
6、“不在”、“毫无”、“不在时间”等,2) Her child was in a terrible state of neglect. 她的孩子简直没人管。,可译为“不留心”,“没人管”,3) All international disputes must be settled through negotiations and the avoidance of any armed conflicts. 一切国际争端应通过谈判而不是武装冲突来解决。 (avoidance 可译为“不采取”。) 4)shortness of time has required the omission of some
7、 states. 由于时间不够,没能访问某些国家。,作为名词用的含蓄否定词还有: defiance (不顾,无视) denial (否认,否定) exclusion (排除) freedom (不,免除) lack (无,缺乏) failure (不成功,不足,不履行) refusal ( 不愿,不允许) loss (失去),1.2. Verb 1) He hates going to work late. 他不喜欢上班迟到。 (hate 可译作“不愿”,“不喜欢”。) 2) The doctor lost his patient. 医生没把病人治好。 (lose 可译作“未能治好”。) 3)
8、 The motor refused to start. 马达开不动。 (refuse 表示“不愿”、“不肯”、“无法”。),Similar verbs: refuse(不愿,不肯,无法) fail(to do)(未能、没做到) lack(缺乏,没有) deny(不承认,不给) defy(不服从,不遵从,不让) differ(不同,不同意,不合) miss(未打中,未见到,未达到) forbid(不许 ) stop(不准) ignore(不理,不肯考虑),1.3.Adjective or adjective phrase 1) She was deaf to all advice. 她不听一切
9、劝告. (deaf可译为“不听、置之不理”) 2) These elements are shielded so that they are free from the influence of magnetic field. 这些组件已加屏蔽,因此不受磁场的影响。 (free from 可译为“没有的”,“不受的影响”。),3) He would be the last man to say such things. 他决不会说这种话。 (last 可译为“决不会”,“极少可能”,“最不适合的”,“最不愿意的”等。),Similar words or expressions: absent(
10、不在,不到) awkward(不熟练,不灵活,使用起来不方便 bad(令人不愉快的,不受欢迎的,不舒服的 blind(看不到、不注意) dead (无生命的、无感觉的、不毛的),difficult(不容易的) foreign to(不适合于,与无关) short of (不够) poor(不好的,不幸的) ignorant of (不知道),1.4.Preposition 1) What you said is beside the question. 你所说的与本题无关。 (beside可译作“与无关。”) 2) But thats very extraordinary. It seems
11、against nature. 不过那件事很不平常,似乎不符合自然规律(against可译成“不符合”、“不利于”。),3) The Theory of Relativity put forward by Einstein is now above many peoples understanding. 爱因斯坦提出的“相对论”,现在还有不少人理解不了。 (above表示品质、行为、能力超出某种范围之外,汉译时常用反说。),Similar preposition: below(与不相称,不足,不值得 beneath(不值得,与不相称) beyond(为所不及) under(未满足,不足) wi
12、thout(无,不,没有,毫不) except(不包括) within(不超出,不出) instead of(而不是),1.5.Adverb 1) She said idly, “well, what does it matter?” 她漫不经心的说:“哼,这有什么关系?” 2) The soldiers blazed away until they had no ammunition left. 士兵们继续不断地射击,直到他们的弹药用尽。 3) Slowly he pulled the letter out of the envelope, and unfolded it. 他不慌不忙地从信
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