人体隐喻.docx
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1、The difference of body-part metaphor in Chinese andEnglishAbstract: The sense of people is originate ourselves and extend to our round. This way of perceive things in language is metaphor. When it reflects on bodies of people is called the body-part metaphor. The record is according to the cognitive
2、 view and rule of metaphor. From the study, I discovered that there were externalization and internalization in body-part metaphor. Subject and object have not been completely separated. The world human knows is not the world itself, but a humanized world.Keyword: body-part metaphor, externalization
3、, internalization, humanization world.I , Externalization in body-part metaphor1, The metaphor of head1. 1, Head is the top of somethingFor example, in Chinese, 山顶 (the head of mountain),针头 (head of needle)绳子的两头(a rope has two heads). In English, head of a match, head of page, head of a queue, head
4、of flower, head of stairs, head of a bed,1. 2, Head is starting point and terminal pointIn Chinese head has many meanings. For example, in Chinese, 起头 (it means start). 从头做起 (it means start all over again from the beginning). 从 头再来(it means start all over again). 从头至U尾(it means from beginning to the
5、 end).从头开始(it means start anew).1. 3, head is the firstFor example, in Chinese, 头等 (it means the first). 首者K (it means capital of one country). 首屈指 (it means second to none). 首当其冲 (it means throw one self into the breach).1.4, head is aspectIn Chinese, it means one person do something need to give c
6、onsideration to two or more things.1.5, head is lifeIn Chinese, 抛头颅洒热血 (it means one person contribute his or her life to something) . In English, for example it cost him his head. Put one9s head in/into noose.1. 6, head is ability of thinkingIn Chinese, for example, 头月盲灵;舌 (it means one person is s
7、o clever) . In English, for example, He is weak in the head. He lost his head. He doesnt have a head for mathematic. Use your head. The phrase has keep ones head screwed on the right way. It means the thinking of one person is clearly. Have a good head for something, it means a person can control so
8、mething. A level head, it means a person is dispassionate. Scratch ones head, it means one person is confused to something. Go off ones head, it means one person is crazy. A wolly head, it means one person is confused.1.7, head means personFor example, in English hot head means a person of impatient
9、 disposition. A head/per head means everyone or one person.1. 8, head is the leader of a groupIn Chinese, 首领,头领,元首, 首月盲 mean a leader of the group. In English, the head of the department and the head of a class.2. 9, head is the keyFor example, in English it comes to a head. It means this is very se
10、rious moment in time.3. 10, head means feelingFor example, in Chinese, 垂头丧气(it means one persons mood is down) .In English, for example, to hold ones head high, to be off ones head, to go to somebodys head, to lose ones head, hot-headed, to have a swelled head.4. The metaphor of “face”The face is so
11、mething or external appearanceFor example, in Chinese 版面 (the appearance of the book), 路面 (the appearance of the road), 桌面 (the appearance of the table) In English, face of a mountain, face of a building, face of the earth, face of a clock.4.1, The face means peopleFor example, in Chinese, 新面孔(it me
12、ans new people) .In English, a new face, different, a famous/well-known face.23, Face of a person or organization performance their way to other peopleFor example, in Chinese, 面貌 (it means the appearance of one person) .In English, the acceptable face of Soviet foreign policy. He may have difficulty
13、 persuading the security force to adopt a more human face.4.4, The face is the dignity and reputationFor example, in Chinese, 有面子 (have dignity), 要面子 (want to have dignity), 丢月佥(lose one5s dignity) .In English, lose face, save face, have the face to do something.4.5, The face is the focus of interac
14、tion and relationshipFor example in Chinese, 当面 (face to face) .In English, face to face. For example, They call their teacher Tatty9, but never to his face.4.6, Face the emotional responseFor example, in Chinese, 愁眉苦脸 (it means one persons mood is down), 笑月佥(it means one person is so happy),月佥色 (it
15、 means complexion) . In English, a happy face, a smiling face, an angry face, be double-faced, pull/put on/have/wear a long face.27, Face reflected in the spatial domainFor example, in Chinese, 前面 (in front of something), 东面 (east), 南 面(south), 西面(west),北面(north) .In English, in the face of, the nor
16、th face of the mountain.5. The metaphor of “eye”1, The eye is the hole of one thingFor example, in Chinese, 龙口艮(it means the source of water), 泉日艮(it means the source of spring ), 枪眼(it means The loophole) .In English, the eye of the storm(a storm9s center), eye of potato, eye in a flower, hooks and
17、 eyes, eye of a hurricane, the eye of a needle.6. 2, Eye means lookFor example, in Chinese,眼见为实(Seeing is believing),亲眼所见(see), 眼疾手快(Sharp eyes and agile hands or nimble fingers),触目惊心(See the scene which is dreadful to one*s mind),一 目了然 (Stick out a mile) .In English, for example, Would you cast you
18、r eye over these calculation to check that they are correct. His eyes fell upon an advertisement in the magazine. The government sems to be closing its eyes to the plight of the unemployed. You cant just shut your eyes to your problems and hope theyll go away. The manager turned a blind eye when his
19、 staff were late.7.3, Understanding is seeIn Chinese, for example,在我看来(in my opinion),独具慧眼(Have a special insight understanding),鼠目寸光(Short-sighted),世界观(World outlook), 人生观(Outlook on life),悲观(Pessimism),乐观(Optimistic),客观(Objective), 宏观 (Macroscopic) .In English, for example, In my eyes, it is a ver
20、y sound investment. The way he deceived me opened my eye to his true character. Developing an eye for a horse is not something which can be taught via a book.7.4, Eye observation, judgment ability of foodFor example, in Chinese, 有眼光(Good taste),眼高手低(Have grandiose aims but puny abilities) .In Englis
21、h, have a good eye for something, to my eye.35, For the foreseeable futureFor example, in Chinese, 目标 (goal) . In English, with an eye to.8. The metaphor of “ear”8.3, Ear means listenFor example, in Chinese, 耳闻(listen),耳熟能详 (For having heard it many times), 耳聪 目明(Have good ears and eyes) .In English
22、, She has sharp ears. He tried to give a sympathetic ear to the patient.8.4, Ear refers to the ability of a thing to understand or judge heardIn English, for example, He has always had a good ear for a tune. Fm proud of my extraordinarily good ear for accents and dialects.9. The metaphor of “nose”9.
23、3, The surface uplift or hole part is the noseFor example, in Chinese, 门鼻儿 (The door handle) .In English, the nose means the head of train.9.4, The nose means discover or ability to find thingsFor example, in English, He had a nose for a situation. If there was something amiss, he sensed it. He had
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