2018年浙江省高考英语真题版.pdf
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1、2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试不含听力部分含答案英语选择题部分第二部分 阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born,there were 66 novels published in Britain.People had beenwriting novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719butnobody wante
2、d to do it professionally.The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages;the literacy rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the namesof the authors,often with something like By a lady.Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral,or just pl
3、ain bad.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readershipand whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones.TodayDickens g
4、reatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon of English literaturewould make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbersgame,and the test of time is extremely difficult to
5、 pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during theVictorian age,from 1837 to1901;today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiencesfrom all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social,political and s
6、cientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will everknow what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer.But as the200th anniversary of his birth approaches,it is possible and important for our own cu
7、lturetounderstand how he made himself a lasting one.21.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.1/8D.They were written mostly by women.22.Dickens is compared wi
8、th the Mona Lisa in the text to stress_.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature23.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.
9、To promote values of the Victorian age.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hesan environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter,including things that fall off garbage trucksas they drive down the road.What is even more interesti
10、ng is that one of Steins jobs is defending anindustry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branchesor along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts.The bagsare prohibited in some
11、90 cities in California,including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds,plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as badfor the planet as most people assume.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusabl
12、e shoppingbags.The stronger a reusable bag is,the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out.However,longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that acotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmental
13、ists dont dispute these points.They hope paper bags will be banned somedaytoo and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.24.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A.Help increase grocery sales.2/8B.Recycle the waste material.C.Stop things falling off trucks.D.Argue for the use of plas
14、tic bags.25.What does the word headwindsin paragraph 2 refer to?A.Bans on plastic bags.B.Effects of city development.C.Headaches caused by garbage.D.Plastic bags hung in trees.26.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A.They are quite expensive.B.Replacing them can b
15、e difficult.C.They are less strong than plastic bags.D.Producing them requires more energy.27.What is the best title for the text?A.Plastic,Paper or NeitherB.Industry,Pollution and EnvironmentC.Recycle or Throw AwayD.Garbage Collection and Waste ControlCAs cultural symbols go,the American car is qui
16、te young.The Model T Ford was built at the PiquettePlant in Michigan a century ago,with the first rolling off the assembly line on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month.But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteenmillion of them.Modern America was born on the road,behind a
17、 wheel.The car shaped some of the most lastingaspects of American culture:the roadside diner,the billboard,the motel,even the hamburger.For mostof the last century,the car represented what it meant to be American going forward at high speed to3/8find new worlds.The road novel,the road movie,these ar
18、e the most typical American ideas,born ofabundant petrol,cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system,the largest public worksproject in history.The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.In Americathe demand for oil has grown by 22 percent s
19、ince 1990.The problems of excessiveenergy consumption,climate change and population growth havebeen described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman.He fears the worst,but hopes forthe best.Friedman points out that the green economyis a chance to keep American strength.The abilityto desi
20、gn,build and export green technologies for producing clean water,clean air and healthy andabundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.28.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?A.To explain Americans love for travelling by car.B.To show the influence of cars on American c
21、ulture.C.To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D.To praise the effectiveness of Americas road system.29.What has the use of cars in America led to?A.Decline of economy.B.Environmental problems.C.A shortage of oil supply.D.A farm-based society.30.What is Friedmans attitude towards Amer
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