2019版高考英语Unit14Careers夯练含解析北师大版必修5.doc
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1、Unit 14 Careers李仕才一、阅读理解。For many people,being on the job might just sound like a picnic compared to a day at home filled with housework,meals and childcare.Even for those with a happy family life,home can sometimes feel more taxing than work.In a new study,researchers at Penn State University found
2、 significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol(皮质醇) released in response to stress,in a majority of subjects when they were at work compared to when they were at home.This was true for both men and women,and parents and people without children.Both men and women showed less stress at work.
3、But women were more likely to report feeling happier there.Men were more likely to feel happier at home.Experts say there are other reasons why work is less stressful than home for many.“Paid work is more valued in society,” says Sarah Damaske, the lead researcher on the study.“Household work is bor
4、ing and not particularly rewarding.”We get better at our job with time and the increased competence means less stress and more rewards,Yet none of us,no matter how long weve been doing it,ever truly feels like an expert at parenting or even at marriage.The support and friendship of coworkers also of
5、fer stress relief.At home,meanwhile,stress spreads and accumulates quickly.“Thats the reason why most housewives wish they were the bread earners,” Dr.Damaske says.Much of the advice to families and couples includes the warning to leave work stress at the office and even to change our mindset from w
6、ork to home,for example,a walk around the block.The recent findings,though,suggest our home life,not our attitude,might be due for some change.1Which of the following can replace the underlined word “taxing”?AstressfulBcheerfulCworthwhile Drewarding2What did the research in the second paragraph prov
7、e?AMen felt better at home.BWomen felt they had less time.CWomen were easier to feel happier.DMost people felt more stress at home.3What do most people think of work at the office?AIt is competitive.BIt improves ability.CIt cant relieve stress.DIt doesnt always pay off.4According to the recent findi
8、ngs,what should we change to solve the problem mentioned?AOur attitude. DOur mindset.COur home life. DOur working style.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一项研究,该研究表明越来越多的人认为上班比在家做家务、做饭和带孩子更轻松一些。【难句分析】In a new study,researchers at Penn State University found significantly and consistently lower levels of cortisol (皮质醇)rel
9、eased in response to stress, in a majority of subjects when they were at work compared to when they were at home.分析:这是一个复合句。第一个when引导时间状语从句。第二个when引导宾语从句,做to后边的宾语。译文:在一项新的研究中,宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员发现,比起在家里,大多数人在工作的时候,面对压力,他们的皮质醇水平显著且连续地降低。1A考查词义猜测。本题可利用句意推断法及语境分析法解题。根据第一段第一句“For many people,being on the job
10、 might just sound like a picnic compared to a day at home filled with housework,meals and childcare”可知,很多人认为与在家做家务、做饭和带孩子相比,工作像野餐一样。言外之意,上班比在家轻松,在家比上班更有压力。故选A。cheerful“快乐的,令人愉快的”;worthwhile“值得做的”;rewarding“值得做的,有意义的”。2D考查细节理解。本题可利用分析长难句法解题。根据第二段内容可知,研究发现:比起在家里,大多数人在工作的时候,面对压力,他们的皮质醇水平显著且连续地降低,这项研究证明
11、大多数人感觉在家更有压力。故选D。3B考查细节理解。根据第四段的第一句“We get better at our job with time and the increased competence.rewards”可知,随着时间的推移,大多数的人在工作中能提高能力。故选B。4C考查细节理解。根据最后一段的最后一句“The recent findings,though,suggest our home life,not our attitude,might be due for some change”可知,我们的家庭生活得以改变才能解决问题。故选C。二、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(
12、1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017日照5月检测)TOEFL, short for Test of English as a Foreign Language, is a standardized test of English.The TOEFL test is an important step of your journey 61._(study) in an Englishspeaking country.The TOEFL test 62._(measure) your ability to use and understand at the university level
13、.And it evaluates 63._ well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing 64._ (skill) to perform academic tasks.More than 30 million people from all over the world have taken the TOEFL test to show 65._Englishlanguage competence.The TOEFL test has 66._ (many) test dates and locations th
14、an any other Englishlanguage test in the world.You can retake the test many times as you wish, 67._ you cannot take it more than once in a 12day period.The TOEFL test is the most 68._(wide) respected Englishlanguage test in the world, 69._(organize) by more than 9,000 colleges, universities and agen
15、cies in more than 130 countries, 70._(include) Australia,Canada, the UK.and the United States.Wherever you want to study, the TOEFL test can help you get there.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,向读者介绍了托福考试的一些相关内容,包括考查项目、参加次数以及托福考试的影响和作用等。61to study解析:考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填to study。62measures解析:考查动词的时态和主谓一致。
16、本文用的是一般现在时,“The TOEFL test”是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填measures。63how解析:考查副词。句意为:它评价你把你的听、说、读、写能力结合起来的程度。how well指程度如何。故填how。64skills解析:考查名词复数。听、说、读、写是四种能力,所以要用名词skill的复数形式skills。65their解析:考查物主代词。句意为:超过3 000万来自世界各地的人参加托福考试来展示他们的英语语言能力。空格处修饰名词“Englishlanguage competence”,指前面提到的“30 million people”的能力,应
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