2022版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练38选修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions练习含解析新人教版20210609279.doc
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1、课时提能练(三十八) 选修8Unit 3Inventors and inventionsA:知识层面.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Most pupils have 1expectations (expect) that they can participate in varieties of 2practical (practice) activities off campus. Many student 3associations (associate) often organize such activities, offering great 4convenience (convenie
2、nt) for the pupils. However, experts and parents are 5cautious (caution) about pupils taking part in social activities. Pupils are 6innocent (innocence), and they are easily taken in. Besides, many often ignore their security when 7merrily (merry) involved in these activities. Schools must warn thei
3、r pupils not to trust those who take interest in them 8abruptly (abrupt) but hesitate to show their 9identification (identify) cards.B(考查动词)There are amazing things about babies. They learn to see by 10distinguishing (distinguish) between areas of light and dark. They start to use their whole hand 1
4、1to seize (seize) toys and objects around 5 months of age. They are found 12tapping (tap) on smart phones when they are as young as 6 months. Someone says babies learn to do things because certain acts 13are associated (associate) with physiological “drives”. However, this is not the case. 14Bear (b
5、ear) in mind that your baby is eager to experience the joy of success just like an adult. To request more details about how babies learn, youre welcome 15to dial (dial) the phone number 610894149099 to contact us at any time.C(考查句型)There being no customers at this hour, my mother closed her shop. Be
6、fore long she appeared in front of me. “Drink the milk 16before it becomes cold and then go to sleep,” she said to me. A competition was to take place the next day. 17Being (be) very good at science subjects, I had a good chance of gaining high grades. 18Convinced (convince) that I would not let her
7、 down, she still expected me to sleep well and refresh my mind before the competition. “Dont stay up too late, 19or youll feel tired tomorrow.”.根据提示补全句子 1你方便时就来看我。Come and see me whenever it is convenient for you2身边应多准备一些开水,以备不时之需。Extra boiled water should be kept at hand just in case it is needed3冰
8、加热时会变成水。(状语从句的省略)When heated,ice can be changed into water.4我很少看到这么明亮的月亮。Rarely have I seen such a bright moon.5不要放弃,否则的话你会一事无成。Dont give up or you will achieve nothingB:能力层面.阅读理解A(2020湖南省六校联考)When you think of batteries,youll likely think about them powering up remote controls,cell phones,flashligh
9、ts and toys.But some people carry a battery around in their body to power a pacemaker (起搏器)It isnt really pleasant and easy to carry batteries because they need to be replaced so often and they can leak poisonous chemicals.A batterypowered pacemaker may become a thing of the past,thanks to a new tec
10、hnology developed by UCLA researchers: A biological super capacitor (超级电容器),which is thinner than several hairs.Teams of researchers at UCLA and the University of Connecticut published a paper in a journal explaining their new invention.The super capacitor is made from a carbon material,and coated w
11、ith humanlike proteins that act as electrodes (电极)But what makes the device different is that it is powered by an energy harvester that changes body heat and movement in the blood into energy.Those traditional pacemakers are six to eight millimeters thick.They are much bigger.The new super capacitor
12、,which,due to its lack of battery,is only one micrometer thick.This “little” feature could benefit the new pacemakers energy efficiency,researchers stated.Furthermore,unlike other batteries used in medical treatments,the super capacitor can bend and twist in the body without suffering damage.Though
13、theyve not been widely used in the medical world,super capacitors have the ability to serve as a safer and more efficient medical device than the traditional batteryoperated devices,the researchers believe.“In order to be effective,batteryfree pacemakers must have super capacitors that can get,store
14、 and transport energy.However,commercial super capacitors are too slow to make them work”,said Maher ElKady,a UCLA researcher and coauthor of the study.“ Our research focused on the customdesigned super capacitor to capture energy effectively,and finding a way to make it exist together successfully
15、with the human body.”【语篇解读】文章介绍了一项新的发明超级电容器。它不需要电池,而且尺寸更小、更安全,能更好地为起搏器供能。1What do we know about traditional pacemakers?AThey are very popular with users.BThey are thinner than several hairs.CThey can do harm to the users bodies.DThey are really convenient to carry around.C细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知,传统的起搏器需要经常
16、更换电池,而且电池会泄漏有毒的化学物质,因此它们对人身体有害。故选C。2What is special about the new super capacitor?AIt has electrodes on the outside.BIt is made from a kind of protein material.CIt helps save the carriers money and energy.DIt can transform the energy from the body.D细节理解题。根据第二段可知,超级电容器是由一个能量采集器驱动的,该能量采集器将身体热量和血液中的运动转
17、化为能量,即转化来自身体的能量,故选D。3Which of the following makes the new pacemaker energyefficient?AThe small size.BThe small battery.CThe energy harvester.DThe bending and twisting characters.A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容,尤其是“Thislittle feature could benefit the new pacemakers energy efficiency”可知,这种“小”的特征有利于新起搏器的能效,即使它节能,故选A。
18、【干扰项分析】此题易误选C项。由第2题的解析可知,能量采集器转化来自身体的能量从而驱动超级电容器,未提到其帮助新起搏器节能。4What is the best title for the text?AA Batterypowered Pacemaker Is Harming Peoples BodyBA New Pacemaker That Doesnt Need to Use BatteriesCPeople Today Arent Willing to Use the Traditional PacemakerDUCLA Researchers Are Committed to the M
19、edical EquipmentB标题判断题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了一项新的发明,即用于起搏器的超级电容器,这种电容器不需要电池,故选B项。B(2020北京市西城区统一测试)Store owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods.Even as we find new strategies to resist,neuroscientists (神经科学家)are employed at marketing agencies across
20、the country to best figure out what is going through a consumers brain at each point in the decision process.We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money.Normally,the prefrontal cortex (额叶前皮层) contr
21、ols our emotional reactions to things,and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears.But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs,encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we dont actually ne
22、ed yet.Nostalgia,that regretful affection for past events,is another strong influence during the holiday season,and its shaped by emotion.Emotion whether good or bad enhances the formation of memories,engaging more parts of the brain.So hearing a nephew singing a carol,for instance,might reawaken me
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