Open pit bauxite mining processes.docx
《Open pit bauxite mining processes.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Open pit bauxite mining processes.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、Openpitbauxiteminingprocesses1. Introduction With the increase of the worlds population, the development of industrialization and the process of urbanization, the excessive use of various natural resources by mankind has caused serious degradation of many types of ecosystems, which led to a series o
2、f ecological and environmental problems such as soil erosion, Forest reduction, land desertification, water and air pollution, the shortage of fresh water resources, and the sharp drop in biodiversity. In recent years, the problem of biodiversity has been highlighted. How to rectify the deterioratin
3、g ecological environment, prevent the degradation of natural ecosystems, restore and rebuild damaged ecosystems, slow down the loss of biodiversity is the key to improve the ecological environment, improve regional productivity and achieve sustainable development. Biodiversity conservation is natura
4、lly one of the hotspots in the world.Data studies show that the southwestern region is a region rich in biodiversity, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi plant species in the provinces of the first, second and third, and more endemic plants. Gui southwest is one of the distribution centers of the three plants
5、in China, one of the key areas of diversity with international significance. The karst areas in southwest China, the desert areas in the northwest and the Loess Plateau are the three most ecologically fragile areas. In the karst ecological fragile area, the effect of opencast mining on biodiversity
6、is more significant than other places. The paper studies the impact of mining on biodiversity from three aspects: species diversity, ecosystem and ecological landscape.In the space of our lives, there is a relationship of interdependence and mutual restraint between biological and biological, betwee
7、n biological and abiotic. Under normal circumstances they maintain a dynamic balance between what we call the ecological balance. However, for mankind, if human factors, human living environment is contaminated, or the natural environment has been destroyed, human life, and even survival will be thr
8、eatened. The impact of mining on biodiversity can be divided into direct and indirect impacts. direct impact mainly refers to the destruction of vegetation, water pollution, damage to cultivated land, etc. indirect effects mainly refers to the unreasonable accumulation of mine solid waste, slope ins
9、tability, landslide, collapse, debris flow and other geological disasters. Pingguo County history left less of the forest, has been more artificial construction, the main species are Pinus assonant, followed by the mixed forest, the county forest cover rate only. Aluminum deposits in the stone mount
10、ain area is less trees, saw small pieces of forest. So in the vicinity of the mine is now looking at a blue, near the forest cannot see the shrub, the mine often exposed limestone. The result of ecological deterioration is to make the land lost the natural barrier. During the rainy season, the runof
11、f formed by the rocky rocks in the rainy season is formed. The soil erosion of the sloping land is intensified, and the area is not large and the farmland is very thin. Get more poor hemorrhoids. The soil is flipped, the deforestation of the vegetation and the roar of the machine directly scare anim
12、als and birds away from the mining area, seriously disrupting the living environment of animals and plants and microbes. While the vegetation in the mining area was destroyed, the biodiversity was severely damaged. Therefore, in the open mining of mineral resources at the same time, how to deal with
13、 the relationship between mining and ecological reconstruction, how to adjust the reconstruction of biological diversity, is the relationship between the sustainable development of the mine.The ecological process is the process of material life and energy conversion in the ecosystem. The ecological
14、process mainly studies the micro-processes such as water cycle and water balance, nutrient cycling, energy flow, trace gas generation, transportation and transformation, decomposition and accumulation of organic matter and metal elements. The study of these processes requires understanding of physic
15、al and chemical laws, involving environmental biophysics, plant physiology, micro-meteorology and microclimate and other disciplines. The study of ecological processes is the basis for clarifying the functions, structure, evolution, and biodiversity of ecosystems.Opencast mining directly destroys th
16、e native habitat, forming a large number of residual plaques, affecting biological migration activities. At the same time, the destruction and destruction of the native plant community, the rapid succession of vegetation evolution, the number and quality of the community species decreased, the numbe
17、r and species of wild species decreased, the diversity decreased. Open-air mining directly engulfed a lot of land and green land, destruction of topsoil and vegetation. Stripping material, picking up tailings and other re-occupied land. The consequences are leading to changes in landforms, populatio
18、n migration caused by soil erosion, dust flying. Agricultural ecological environment is destroyed and abandoned land desertification, biodiversity reduction or even disappear.Construction of mining plants, roads and mining stripping and other activities led to mine vegetation damage, land nutrients
19、to change the growth of vegetation. Plants are the producers of ecosystems. Due to the destruction of vegetation, the quality of biological survival in the mine and its surrounding areas is reduced, the total biomass is decreased, the ecosystem structure changes, the ecosystem function and stability
20、 are weakened, leading to soil erosion and stone Desertification. Pingguo aluminum mine in the Baise area is a fragile ecological environment, past deforestation, low coverage. Is a low land and low productivity hilly areas, soil erosion is quite serious. Aluminum mining operations largely disrupt n
21、atural vegetation. The plant is an essential component of the ecosystem, and its reduction will disrupt the water cycle, carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle in the mine microdomains, causing atmospheric and soil pollution, animal migration, plant and microbial fading, and destruction of the original nat
22、ural ecosystem Order of energy flow, material circulation and the dynamic equilibrium between them. Since the newly formed mine ecological environment is an independent, incomplete open system that maintains its own stable plasticity, any change in ecological factors will make the other environmenta
23、l factors in the system responsive, resulting in The ecological environment of the mining area seriously deteriorated, so that the original ecological environment eventually become a soil.2. Literature review The concept of biodiversity was originally proposed by the year in the study of the relatio
24、nship between insect species, and the first logarithmic distribution model of species number and population richness, which attracted attention. Then, when we study the relative degree of bird community, we propose a logarithmic normal distribution model. In this paper, a segmentation line model of
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Open pit bauxite mining processes
限制150内