人教版高一Unit 19 Modern agriculture.pdf
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1、.Teaching Goals:1.Talk about modern agriculture and the effects it has on peoples life.2.Practise giving advice and making decisions.3.Use“It”for emphasis.4.Read statistical graphs.5.Write a plan for a vegetable garden.Teaching Time:Five periods.Background Information:1.An American Small FarmLast ye
2、ar,at harvest time,we visited the Steenhoek farm,which is 2 200mu,or 340 acres.Typical family farms are run entirely by familymembers,with every member playing a vital part in the operation.Both ofthese families are descendants of Dutch immigrants who settled here overa century ago.The Steenhoek far
3、m supports 3 generations.The family of Mr.andMrs.Steenhoek includes three children and 2 grandchildren.As we willsee,this family is an excellent example of hardworking,experiencedfarmers who stay on the land not purely because of profit,but because theyare living a life-style that satisfies them.Six
4、ty percent of theSteenhoeks acres are devoted to pasture land,on which they raise 120 beefcattle.The rest of the land is used for growing corn.Fifteen years ago,the American farm economy was booming.Farmers couldspecialize,raising one crop,or one type of animal.Today,with an uncertainfarm economy,su
5、ch an idea is considered foolhardy,and diversifying is oneway that farmers can lesson their risk of loss.For example,if weatheraffects the size of a crop,the sale of the livestock will make up thedifference.If the animals are plagued by disease,at least there is grainto take to market.Kendall Steenh
6、oek,Simons eldest son,divides his time between runningthis machine shop and farming zoo acres of corn.He attended a communitycollege in Iowa for two years to study diesel mechanics.Then he openedthis repair shop for farm machinery.Kendall also plants and harvests over30 000 bushels of corn each year
7、,but it is the income from the repair shopthat has enabled him to stay within the farming community.The heavyequipment used on the farms today is in constant need of maintenance,andrequires precision tooling for repairs.By far,the most impressive andcertainly the most costly piece of farm equipment
8、used on a small farmis a harvesting machine called a combine,which can cost up to$100 000.This type of machinery is what makes the American farm so efficient.Witha combine,one man and his family can harvest an entire crop of a 500 acrefarm in two weeks.The value of the combine is that it performs se
9、veralfunctions.As it moves through a field of corn,this sophisticated machinecuts the stalk,plucks the ear,discards the stalk,shucks the corn kernelsoff the ear and deposites the kernels in a storage bin in the back.Then,aspinning device in the rear of the combine shreds the husks and shaftsand scat
10、ters them across the field,to serve as mulch,cutting down on thepossibility of soil erosion from winter rains.The machine is even moreamazing when you think that it has been in use on American farms for onlyone generation.2.GenesEvery living cell contains genes.They are too small to be seen in amicr
11、oscope,but they are vitally important.Each set of genes in the bodycontains all the instructions needed to make a human being.Some genesdetermine hair color.Some determine the shape of a nose.Some genes helpdetermine your height and even your weight.Genes are made of a chemical called DNA-the letter
12、s stand fordeoxyribonucleicacid(脱氧核糖核酸).In the early 1950s,twoscientists,Francis Crick and James Watson,figured out how the parts ofDNA fit together.Once scientists understood this structure,it becamepossible to take pieces of DNA apart and put them together in new ways.Newkinds of genes could be ma
13、de in this manner.Scientists have studied the genes of many plants and animals.They haveworked out which genes affect the color of a tomato and the stickness ofits skin.Working out which genes determine which features is calledgenetic mapping,scientists have begun the Human Genome Project,anambitiou
14、s effort to map all the genes in the human body.Some genes may be effective.For example,something might be wrong with thegene that makes blood clot(凝聚).An individual born with this defectivegene could suffer serious hemorrhages(出血)or even bleed to death becausehis or her blood fails to clot.If scien
15、tists ever learn how to map allthe genes in our bodies,they could determine whether or not an unborn childhas any defective genes.They might even discover how to treat these genesbefore the child is born.The First PeriodTeaching Aims:1.Improve the students speaking ability by practising giving advic
16、e andmaking decisions.2.Enable the students to master the expressions of giving advice andmaking decisions.3.Get the students to learn more about agriculture.Teaching Important Points:1.How to express oneself,using what is learned or given.2.How to advise sb.to do something and how to make decisions
17、.Teaching Difficult Points:1.The usage of some expressions.2.How to improve the students listening ability.Teaching Methods:1.Listening some materials to improve the students listening ability.2.Discussion to let the students express themselves freely.3.Group work or pair work to give every student
18、a chance to expressthemselves.Teaching Aids:1.a tape recorder2.a projector and some slides3.a computerTeaching Procedures:step.Greetings and RevisionT:Good morning,everyone.Ss:Good morning,teacher.T:Sit down,please.In this class,Ill check your homework first,WangPing,read your homework to us,(The te
19、acher checks the students homework and have a discussion with thestudents about the mistake Wang Ping made.Let the students have a clearunderstanding and correct it.)step.Preparation for listening and speakingT:Today,were going to learn a new unit,Unit 19,ModernAgriculture(Teacher writes the followi
20、ng on the blackboard:Unit 19 Modernagriculture,the First Period).First,lets learn the new words of thisperiod.Look at the screen:New words:produce n.产量、产物、农产品effect n.结果、影响、作用dike n.堤坝;排水沟drought n.干旱leader n.领导者lead v.领导、带领cane n.细长的茎、藤条sugar-cane n.甘蔗tobacco n.(烟草)制品;抽烟local adj.地方的、当地的(Teacher as
21、ks one student to read the new words,then corrects the mistakesthe student made.)Step.Warming upT:Please turn to Page 32.Lets do Warming up.(Teacher shows the graphson Page 32 on the screen.)Look at the two graphs and discuss the questionson Page 32.You can do it in pairs or groups.In a few minutes,
22、Ill ask somestudents to talk about them.(Students begin to discuss the questions.Andteacher goes and joins them.A few minutes later,teacher says thefollowing.)T:Are you ready?Who can give us a talk about the first topic?SA,how arepeoples eating habbits changing over the years?SA:From the first graph
23、,we can see that the eating habits of the peoplein our country have changed greatly.Before 1949,they had not enough toeat and often went hungry.Once natural disasters happened,a great numberof people would die of hunger.Before the reforming and opening to theworld,grain was still a big problem.Peopl
24、e mainly lived on corn and fewkinds of vegetables.Since the 1980s,especially the 1990s,peoples eatinghabits have greatly improved.People can eat whatever they want.More andmore people eat less grain,more meat and eggs and so on.More and morepeople turn their eyes to meat,eggs,milk and all kinds of g
25、reenvegetables.T:Why do you think this happens,SB?SB:It is all because of the Partys good policies.T:Very good.It is true and everyone can see that.How has agriculturalproduce changed duringthe first half of the 1990s?And what doyou thinkcaused these changes?SC:From the first half of the 1990s,scien
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