动词ing形式 答案.doc
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1、必修四 Unit 2 语法-动名ing (作主语,宾语) 非谓语动词:1.动名词:(可作主语,宾语,表语,定语,宾语补足语) 2.动词不定 3.分词动名词的时态,语态主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done否定式在动名词(doing)前加上not动名词:一般式动名词一般式所表示的动作可与谓语动作同时,也可在谓语动作之前或之后,有时可能没有明确的先后关系1. 没有明确的先后关系。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Being careless is not a good habit. 粗心不是一个好习惯。Hi
2、s job is teaching. 他的工作是教书。Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。2. 与谓语动作同时发生。He kept smiling. 他不停地笑。We had a good time in dancing with them. 我们同他们跳舞玩得很开心。3. 发生在谓语动作之前。I apologize for not having kept my promise 我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country他
3、对国家做了大的贡献而受到表扬After reading your letter I knew what had happened. 看了你的信后我就知道出什么事了。4. 发生在谓语动作之后。He suggested bringing out a new type of bike. 他建议生产一种新型的自行车。I am thinking of going to the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon 我想下午去看工业展览。Would you mind opening the window? 把窗户打开好吗?动名词:一般式的被动语态1. No one en
4、joys being made fun of in public. 没人愿意当众被取笑。2. He hated being treated like a child. 他讨厌象对待小孩那样对待他。3. We plant trees to prevent soil being washed away easily. 我们栽树以防止土壤被轻易地冲走。4. There is no need of the bike being stolen. 自行车没有被偷的危险。5. The fact of being supported by so many people is a great comfort.
5、有这么多人支持,这是极大的安慰。6. Friendship is the most important in his life. He cant imagine being left alone in a strange place. 在他的生活中友谊是很重要的。他不能想象单独离开去一个陌生的地方。动名词:完成式动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,这时通常用动名词的完成时态。1. She denied having stolen anything 她否认偷过任何东西。2. I have no idea of their having done such a thing. 我不知道他们做
6、过那样的事。3. I dont remember having met him before. 我记不得以前见过他。4. Thank you for having taking so much trouble to help. 谢谢你费力帮忙。5. I am very pleased at your having been honoured with a medal. 我很高兴你能获得奖牌。6. Tony was very unhappy for not having been invited to the party. 托尼不高兴是因为没有被邀请参加聚会.7. He did not admi
7、t having done anything wrong. 他不承认做过错事。动名词:完成式的被动语态1. Do you remember having been sent such an e-mail? 你记得曾经给你寄过这样一封电子邮件吗?2. The house showed no sign of having been damaged. 这栋房子没有已经受损的迹象。3. He prided himself on having never been beaten in chess. 他为下棋从未被击败而自豪。4. Tony was very happy for not having be
8、en invited. 没有被邀请托尼很高兴。5. After he became conscious, he remembered having been attached and hit on the head with a rod.动名词:否定式:1. I am sorry for not being able to come earlier. 对不起,没能早些来。2. He didnt mind not having been invited. 没邀请他,他并不介意。3.What surprised us was the boys not being allowed to see hi
9、s mother.使我们意外的是不允许这孩子见他母亲.4. It happened in spite of my not wanting it to happen. 这事还是发生了,尽管我不希望它发生.5. I was displeased at his not going away. 他不走我不高兴。6. What worried him most was their not going there. 最使他担心的是,他们没有上那儿去.7. His not coming back made us much disappointed. 他没有回来令我们很失望。动名词:作主语一.动名词形式做主语
10、1. 动词的-ing形式直接作主语,往往表示经常性,习惯性的动作,在口语中也可以表示具体的动作,通常直接置于句首. 动词的-ing形式做主语通常表示事物化,抽象化的概念,其谓语动词一律用单数.Reading aloud is a good way in learning languages。 大声朗读是学习语言的一个好方法.Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his property。 浪费别人的时间等于谋财害命。2. 动词的-ing形式常用于公共标语中,尤其与no连用。 No Smoking禁止吸烟No Parking禁
11、止停车No Spitting禁止吐痰No Fishing 禁止钓鱼No Hunting禁止捕猎3. it作形式主语,动词-ing形式放在其后。句形:It is + 形 + for / of sb. to do sthIt is/was no good/ use doing 做是没用的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做是不值得的It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的It+ be+ a waste of time (in) doing 做是浪费时间的It takes sb. time to do sth. 花费某人时
12、间来做某事It is not good learning without practice. 学习而不实践这是不好的。It is worthwhile making the experiment. 做这个实验是值得的。It will take the workers 3 years to build the building. It took me only a few minutes to have breakfast.How long did it take you to clean your room? Its very difficult for me to walk on the i
13、ce. It was quite important for you to say that to him at that time. Its kind of you to help me.4.在“There be+动词-ing形式”结构中作主语。 There is no doing无法, 不允许. There is no sense (in) doing 做没道理 There is/was no use doing 做无用 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比做更槽 There is/was no point (in) doing 做无意义The
14、re is no joking about such matters. 这种事是开不得玩笑的。There is no point doing such a silly thing. 做这种傻事是没有意义的。二. 动名词形式做宾语 1. v-ing形式作动词的宾语。可接名词宾语的动词有:enjoy喜欢, include包含, excuse原谅, practice练习, advise劝告, suggest建议mind介意, delay延迟, forbid禁止, keep保持, consider考虑, miss错过finish完成, appreciate欣赏 risk冒险, admit 允许 avo
15、id避免 complete完成mention提及 prevent阻止 dispute不同意 escape逃脱 imagine想象 quit停止resist抵制 endure容忍 celebrate 庆祝 deny否定 dislike不喜欢discontinue中断 recall回忆 stand忍受 understand理解口诀:考虑建议盼原谅,consider suggest/advise look forward to excuse/pardon承认推迟没得想,admit delay/put off fancy 避免错过继续练, avoid miss keep/keep on practis
16、e否认完成就欣赏,deny finish enjoy/appreciate Mary is considering changing her job 禁止想象才冒险, 玛利正在考虑换工作。 forbid imagine risk He admitted making a serious mistake.不禁介意准逃亡。 他承认犯了一个严重的错误。cant help mind allow/permit escape2. 在下面的短语中,动名词常用作介词的宾语. V-ing作介词宾语的句型,介词in常省略.be good at擅长, dream of梦见 , care about关心, devot
17、eto投身于be concerned about,关心 look forward to期望, be interested in感兴趣, be used to惯于feel like想要, insist on坚持 object to反对 think o f考虑give up放弃, aim at以为目的, put off推迟, set about开始做stick to坚持 apply to适用于 owing to由于 lead to导致pay attention to注意 cant help禁不住 depend on依靠 contributeto奉献于succeed in doing 成功地做 be
18、 busy (in) doing 忙着做get down to 开始认真干 spend(in) doing 做花(时间,金钱have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing 做有困难 lose no time (in) doing 毫不耽搁干某事have a good/wonderful/time (in)doing 干很快乐I feel like going to the movie this evening. 今晚我想去看电影。Ive been looking forward to hearing from you. 我一直盼望着能收到你的信。She objected
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