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1、TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS()GRADEEIGHTTIMELIMIT:195MINPARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(35MIN)SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lectureYouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpointsYournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lectu
2、reWhenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE,usingnomorethanthreewordsineachgapMakesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptableYoumayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetaskUsetheblanksheetf
3、ornote-takingNow,listentothemini-lectureUnderstandingAcademicLecturesListeningtoacademiclecturesisanimportanttaskforuniversitystudents.Then,howcanwecomprehendalectureefficiently?I.Understandall(1)A.wordsB.(2)stressintonation(3)II.AddinginformationA.lectures:SharinginformationwithaudienceB.listeners:
4、(4)C.sourcesofinformationknowledgeof(5)(6)oftheworldD.listeninginvolvingthreesteps:hearing(7)addingIII.(8)A.reasonsovercomenoisesavetimeB.(9)contentorganizationIV.EvaluatingwhilelisteningA.helptpdecidethe(10)ofnotesB.helptorememberinformationSECTIONBINTERVIEWInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONL
5、Y.ListencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollowMarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWOQuestions1to5arebasedonaninterviewAttheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestionsNowlistentotheinterview1.Theresathinksthatthepresentgovernmentis_.Adoingwhattheyhav
6、epromisedtoschoolsBcreatingopportunitiesforleadinguniversitiesCconsideringremovingbarriersforstateschoolpupilsDreducingopportunitiesforstateschoolpupils2.WhatdoesTheresaseeasaprobleminsecondaryschoolsnow?AUniversitiesarenotworkinghardtoacceptstateschoolpupils.BThenumberofstatepupilsapplyingtoOxfordf
7、ailstoincrease.CThegovernmenthasloweredstatepupilsexpectations.DLeadinguniversitiesarerejectingstateschoolpupils.3.InTheresasview,schoolfreedommeansthatschoolsshould_.AbegivenmorefundingfromeducationauthoritiesBbegivenallthemoneyanddecidehowtospenditCbegrantedgreaterpowertorunthemselvesDbegivenmoreo
8、pportunitiesandchoices4.AccordingtoTheresa,whodecidesordecidemoneyforschoolsatthepresent?ALocaleducationauthoritiesandthecentralgovernment.BLocaleducationauthoritiesandsecondaryschoolstogether.CLocaleducationauthoritiesonly.DThecentralgovernmentonly.5.Throughoutthetalk,theinterviewerdoesallthefollow
9、ingEXCEPT_.AaskingforclarificationBchallengingtheintervieweeCsupportingtheintervieweeDinitiatingtopicsSECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLYListencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollowMarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWOQuestions6and7arebasedonthefollowingne
10、ws,Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestionsNowlistentothenewsNewsItem16.Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?AFewerpeoplewatchTVonceaweek.BSmartphonesandtabletshavereplacedTV.CNewtechnologyhasledtomorefamilytime.DBiggerTVsetshaveattractedmorepeople.NewsItem27.Howmanylawmakersvoted
11、forthemarijuanalegalizationbill?A50.B12.C46.D18.8.Thepassingofthebillmeansthatmarijuanacanbe_.Aboughtbypeopleunder18BmadeavailabletodrugaddictsCprovidedbythegovernmentDboughtindrugstoresNewsItem39.Whatdidthereviewofglobaldatareveal?ADiarrheaisacommondisease.BGoodsanitationledtoincreaseinheight.CTher
12、eweremanyproblemsofpoorsanitation.DAfricanchildrenliveinworsesanitaryconditions.10.Thepurpo搜索引擎优化fDr.AlanDangoursstudywasmostlikelyto_.AexaminelinksbetweensanitationanddeathfromillnessBlookintofactorsaffectingthegrowthofchildrenCinvestigatehowtotacklesymptomslikediarrheaDreviewandcompareconditionsin
13、differentcountriesPARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWOTEXTAIn,manyshopperschosetoavoidthefranticcrowdsanddotheirholidayshoppingfromthecomfortoftheirc
14、omputer.Salesatonlineretailersgainedbymorethan15%,makingitthebiggestseasonever.Butpeoplearealsoreturningthosepurchasesatrecordrates,up8%fromlastyear.Whatwentwrong?Isthelingeringshadowoftheglobalfinancialcrisismakingithardertoacceptextravagantindulgences?Orthatpeopleshopmoreimpulsively-andthereforema
15、kebaddecisions-whenonline?Bothargumentsareplausible.However,thereisathirdfactor:aquestionoftouch.Wecanlovethelookbut,inanonlineenvironment,wecannotfeelthequalityofatexture,theshapeofthefit,thefallofafoldor,forthatmatter,theweightofanearring.Andphysicallyinteractingwithanobjectmakesyoumorecommitted.W
16、henmymostrecentbookBrandwashedwasreleased,Iteamedupwithalocalbookstoretoconductanexperimentaboutthedifferencesbetweentheonlineandofflineshoppingexperience.Icarefullyinstructedagroupofvolunteerstopromotemybookintwodifferentways.Thefirstwasafairlyhands-offapproach.Wheneveracustomerwouldinquireaboutmyb
17、ook,thevolunteerwouldtakethemovertotheshelfandpointtoit.Outof20suchrequests,sixcustomersproceededwiththepurchase.Thesecondoptionalsoinvolvedgoingovertotheshelfbut,thistime,removingthebookandthensubtlyholdingontoitforjustanextramomentbeforeplacingitinthecustomershands.Ofthe20peoplewhowerehandedtheboo
18、k.13endedupbuyingit.Justphysicallypassingthebookshowedabigdifferenceinsales.Why?Wefeelsomethingsimilartoasen搜索引擎优化fownershipwhenweholdthingsinourhand.Thatswhyweestablishorreestablishconnectionbygreetingstrangersandfriendswithahandshake.Inthiscase,havingtothenletgoofthebookafterholdingitmightgenerate
19、asubtlesen搜索引擎优化floss,andmotivateustomakethepurchaseevenmore.Arecentstudyalsorevealedthepoweroftouch,inthiscasewhenitcametoconventionalmail.Adeeperandlonger-lastingimpressionofamessagewasformedwhendeliveredinaletter,asopposedtoreceivingthesamemessageonline.Brainimagingshowedthat,ontouchingthepaper,t
20、heemotionalcenterofthebrainwasactivated,thusformingastrongerbond.Thestudyalsoindicatedthatoncetouchbecomespartoftheprocess,itcouldtranslateintoasen搜索引擎优化fpossession.Thissen搜索引擎优化fownershipissimplynotpartoftheequationintheonlineshoppingexperience.Astheritualsofpurchaseinthelead-uptoChristmaschange,no
21、tonlydowegivelessthoughttothetypeofgiftswebuyforourlovedonesbut,throughourowndigitalwishlists,weincreasinglycontrolwhattheybuyforus.Thereality,however,isthatnomatterhowconvincedweallarethatdigitalisthewaytogo,findingrealsatisfactionwillprobablytakemorethanafewsimpleclicks.11.Accordingtotheauthor,sho
22、ppersarereturningtheirpurchasesforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat_.AtheyareunsatisfiedwiththequalityofthepurchaseBtheyeventuallyfindthepurchasetooexpensiveCtheychangetheirmindoutofuncertaintyDtheyregretmakingthepurchasewithoutforethought12.Whatisthepurpo搜索引擎优化ftheexperimentinthebookstore?AToseewhic
23、hpromotionmethodispreferredbycustomers.BTofindoutthestrengthsandweaknessesofbothmethods.CTotrytosetupanewretailer-customerrelationship.DToseetheeffectofanapproachoncustomersdecisions.13.WhydoestheauthorcitethestudybyBangorUniversityandtheRoyalMailService?ATocomparesimilarresponsesindifferentsettings
24、.BToprovidefurtherevidenceforhisownobservation.CToofferascientificaccountofthebrainsfunctions.DTodescribeemotionalresponsesinonlineshopping.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?ARealsatisfactiondependsonfactorsotherthanthecomputer.BDespiteonlineshoppingwestillattachimportancetogiftbuying.CSomepe
25、oplearestilluncertainaboutthedigitalage.DOnlineshoppingoffersrealsatisfactiontoshoppers.TextBMyprofessorbrotherandIhaveanargumentaboutheadandheartaboutwhetherheovervaluesIQwhileIlearnmoretowardEQ.Wetypicallyhavethisdebateaboutpeoplecanwebefriendswithareallysmartjerk怪物?buttherescorollarytoanimalsaswe
26、ll.Idloveitifourdogcouldfetchthemorningpaperandthenreadittomeovercoffee,butIactuallycaremuchmoreaboutherloyalandinnocentheart.Theresalreadyenoughthinkinggoingonisourhouse,andweprobablyspendtoomuchtimeinourheads,whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthatswhereadogisarovingrevelation.Ididnotgrowu
27、pwithdogs,whichmeantthatmyolderdaughtersrespectfulbutunyieldingdeterminationtogetonerequiredsomeadjustmentonmypart.Ioftenfeltshewastrainingme:fromagesof6to9,shegentlyschooledmeinvariousbreedsandtheirpersonalities,whisperedtothedogsweencounteredsotheywouldcharmandpersuademe,demonstratedbyherself-disp
28、linethatshewasreadyfortheresponsibility.AndthuscameourdogTwist,whomIsometimesmistakeforathirddaughter.AtfirstIthoughtthechallengewouldbetotrainhertosit,toheel,towalkcalmlybesideusandnotgowildlychasingtheneighbourhoodrabbits.ButIsoondiscoveredhowmuchmorewehadtolearnfromherthanshefromus.Ifitistrue,for
29、example,thatthesecrettoachildssuccessislessraregeniusthanrawpersistence,Twistsabilitytostayontaskisamodelforusall,especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicksaroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside.Sheneversucceeds,andshenevergivesup.Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowa
30、lls.Thenthereisherunfailingpatience,whichbreaksdownonlywhenshesensesthatdinnertimewas15minutesagoandwehavesomehowfailedtonotice.Eventhensheismoreeagerthanindignant,andherrefusaltowhineshowsarestraintofwhichImnotalwayscapablewhenhungry.ButthelessonIvaluemostistheoneinforgiveness,andTwistfirstofferedt
31、hiswhenshewasstillveryyoung.Whenshewasabout7monthsold,wetookhertothevettobesprayed(切除卵巢).Weturnedherovertoastranger,whoprocceededtoperformaprocedurethatwasprobablynotpleasant,Butwhenthevetreturnedhertous,limpandtender,therewasnorecrimination(反责),nohowcouldyoudothattome?Itwasasthoughshereallyknewthat
32、wecouldnotintentionallycauseherpain,andwhileshedidnotunderstand,sheforgaveandcurledupwithherheadonmydaughterslap.Isupposewecouldhaveconcludedthatshewasjustblindlyloyalanddocile.Buteventuallyweknewbetter.Sheisentirelycapableofdisobedience,asshehasprovedmanytimes.Shewillignoreuswhentherearemoreinteres
33、tingthingstolookat,rebukeuswhenwearecareless,barkintothetwilightwhenshehasurgentmessagestosend.Butherpatiencewithourfailingsandfricklenessandherwillingnesstogiveusascondchanceareadailylessoningratitude.Myfriendswhogrewupwithdogstellmehowwhentheywereteenagersandtrustednooneintheworld,theycouldtellthe
34、irdogalltheirsecrets.Itwastheonefriendwhowouldnotgossiporbetray,couldprovideinthemiddleofthenightthesoft,unbegrudgingcomfortandpeacethatadolescenceconspirestodisrupt.Anagethatisallaboutgrowthandriskneedssomeanchorsandweigths,amodelofsteadfastnesswhenallelseisinflux.SometimesIthinkTwistsdevotionkeeps
35、mygirlsonabenevolentlash,onethathangsquietlyattheirsideastheytrotalongbutoccasionallyyanksthembacktosafetyandsolidground.Weveweighedsomanydecisionssocarefullyinraisingourdaughterswhatschooltosendthemtoandwhatchurchtoattend,whentogivethemcellphonesandwithwhatprecautions.Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshap
36、estheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.15.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat_.AapersoncaneitherhaveahighIQoralowEQBherprofessorbrothercarestoomuchaboutIQCweneedexamplesofhowtofollowonesheartDsheprefersdogsthatarecleverandloyal16.Accordingto
37、thepassage,allthefollowingareTwistscharacteristicsEXCEPT_.AresignationBpatienceCforgivenessDtenacity17.Accordingtothecontext,themeaningofthewordsquareisclosestto_.AfastBblindlyCstraightDstubbornly18.ThatTwistsdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleashmeansthat_.ATwistiscapableoflookingafterthegirlsBTwis
38、tandthegirlshavebecomefriendsCTwistknowshowtofollowthegirlsDTwistsloyaltyhelpsthegirlsgrowup19.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinthelastparagraph?ADifficultiesinraisingherchildren.BWorriesaboutwhattobuyforkids.CGratitudetoTwistforherrole.DConcernsaboutschoolingandreligion.TextCMostWestAfricanlorriesate
39、notinwhatonewouldcallthefirstflushofyouth,andIhadlearntbybitterexperiencenottoexpectanythingverymuchofthem.ButthelorrythatarrivedtotakemeuptothemountainswasworsethananythingIhadseenbefore:ittotteredonthebordersofseniledecay.Itstoodthereonbuckledwheels,wheezingandgaspingwithexhaustionfromhavingtoclim
40、bupthegentleslopetothecamp,andIconsignedmyselfandmyloadstoitwithsometrepidation.Thedriver,whowasacheerfulfellow,pointedoutthathewouldrequiremyassistanceintwoverynecessaryoperations:first,Ihadtokeepthehandbrakepresseddownwhentravellingdownhill,forunlessitwasheldthusalmostlevelwiththeflooritsullenlyre
41、fusedtofunction.Secondly,Ihadtokeepasterneyeontheclutch,awilfulpieceofmechanism,thatseizedeverychancetoleapoutofitssocketwithanoiselikeastranglingleopard.AsitwasobviousthatnotevenaWestAfricanlorrydrivercouldbesuccessfulindrivingwhilecrouchedunderthedashboardinapre-natalposition,Ihadtotakeovercontrol
42、oftheseinstrumentsifIvaluedmylife.So,whileIduckedatintervalstoputonthebrake,amidtherichsmellofburningrubber,ournoblelorryjerkeditswaytowardsthemountainsatasteadytwentymilesperhour;sometimes,whenadownwardslopefavouredit,itthrewcautiontothewindsandcareeredalonginamadcapfashionattwenty-five.Forthefirst
43、thirtymilestheredearthroadwounditswaythroughthelowlandforest,thegianttreesstandinginsolidranksalongsideandtheirbranchesentwinedinanarchwayofleavesaboveus.Flocksofhornbillsflappedacrosstheroad,honkingliketheghostsofancienttaxis,andonthebanks,drapeddecorativelyinthepatchesofsunlight,theagamalizardslay
44、,blushingintosunsetcolouringwithexcitementandnoddingtheirheadsfuriously.Slowlyandalmostimperceptiblytheroadstartedtoclimbupwards,loopingitswayinlanguidcurvesroundtheforestedhills.Inthebackofthelorrytheboyslifteduptheirvoicesinsong:Homeagain,homeagain,WhenshallIseemahome?WhenshallIseemamammy?Illnever
45、forgetmahome.Thedriverhummedtherefrainsoftlytohimself,glancingatmetoseeifIwouldobject.TohissurpriseIjoinedin,andsowhilethelorryrolledonwardstrailingaswirlingtailofreddustbehindit,theboysinthebackmaintainedthechoruswhilethedriverandIharmonizedandsangcomplicatedtwiddlybits,andthedriverplayedastaccatoa
46、ccompanimentonthehorn.Breaksintheforestbecamemorefrequentthehigherweclimbed,andpresentlyanewtypeofundergrowthbegantoappear:massivetree-fernsstandinginconspiratorialgroupsattheroadsideontheirthick,squat,andhairytrunks,thefrondsofleavessproutingfromthetopslikedelicategreenfountains.Thesefernswerethegu
47、ardiansofanewworld,forsuddenly,asthoughthehillshadshruggedthemselvesfreeofcloak,theforestdisappeared.Itlaybehindusinthevalley,athickpeltofgreenundulatingawayintotheheat-shimmereddistance,whileaboveusthehillsiderosemajestically,coveredinacoatofrippling,waist-highgrass,bleachedgoldenbythesun.Thelorrycrepthigherandhigher,theenginegaspingandshudderingwiththisunaccustomedactivity.Ibegantothinkthatweshouldhavetopushthewretchedthingupthelasttwoorthreehundredfeet,buttoeveryonessurprisewemadeit,andthelorrycreptontothebrowofthehill,
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