语专业八级真题.docx
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1、TEM-8()听力试题SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREInthissection,youwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,and
2、anothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE,usingnomorethanthreewordsineachgap.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetask.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.Nowlistentothemini-lecture.SECTIONBINTERVIEWInthis
3、sectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcolouredanswersheet.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.NowlistentotheinterviewbetweenOs
4、carwinningactressAngelinaJolieandCianonsAndrewDamonNowlistentotheinterview.1.Whatisthemainpurpo搜寻引擎优化fAngelinasvisittoIraq?ATodrawattentiontotherefugeecrisis.BTolookafterrefugeesinIraq.Toworkoutaplanforrefugees.2.FromtheinterviewweknowthatAngelina_.AwasstronglyopposedtoofficialsopinionsBthoughtyoung
5、kidsshouldbegivenpriorityCwasmuchworriedaboutthelackofactionDproposedthatpoliciesbemadepromptly3.WhichofthefollowingBESTexplainswhattheglobalcommunityshoulddo?ATosupenisetheconstructionofschools.BTotakepromptandeffectiveactions.CToprovidewaterandpowersupply.DTopreventinstabilityandaggression.4.Accor
6、ciingtoAngelina,whatisthekeyissueinsolvingtherefugeeproblem?AThecurrentsituationinIraq.BThepoliticsintheMiddleEastCRefugeesreturningtonormallife.DInternationalanddomesticefforts.5.AngelinasawhertriptoIraqsignificantbecauseshecould_.AhelpothersknowwheretheproblemswereBhelpbringNGOsbacktotheregionCtal
7、ktodifferentpeoplethereDreadtheofficialpapersSECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcolouredanswersheet.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10seconds
8、toanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.6.Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?AAlitaliasattempttohelpWindJetout.BCancellationofflightsatRomeAirportCProblemscausedbyWindJetscashshortage.DExpectedchangesofWindJefsflightdesUnations.Question7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven2
9、0secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.7.WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoverinnorthernKenya?AAhumantooth.BAhumanskull.CThreespeciesofhumans.DThreehumanfossils.8.Whatwasthesignificanceofthediscovery?ATliefindingswerepublisliedinNature.BItsupportedanexistingassumption.CMostresearchquestionswereanswe
10、red.DMoreresearcheffortswereencouraged.Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.9.Theairportoriginallydecidedtocoveruptlieposterbecause_AsomeinternationaltravellerscomplainedBtheartexhibitionwastobepostponedCothera
11、rtistsworkswereabsentfromadsDreal-lifemodelswouldappearonthescene10.WhatwasthereactionoftheNationalGalleriesofScotland?AHorrified.BIndignant.CSurprised.DOutraged.PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)TEXTAMyclassatHarvardBusinessSchoolhelpsstudentsunderstandwhatgoodmanagementtheoryisandhowitisbuilt.Ineac
12、hsession,welookatonecompanythroughthelensesofdifferenttheories,usingthemtoexplainhowthecompanygotintoitssituationandtoexaminewhatactionwillyieldtheneededresults.Onthelastdayofclass,Iaskedmyclasstoturnthosetheoreticallensesonthemselvestofindanswerstotwoquestions:First,HowcanIbesureIllbehappyinmycaree
13、r?Second,HowcanIbesuremyrelationshipswithmyspouseandmyfamilywillbecomeanenduringsourceofhappiness?Herearesomemanagementtoolsthatcanbeusedtohelpyouleadapurposefullife.1.UseYourResourcesWisely.Yourdecisionsaboutallocatingyourpersonaltime,energy,andtalentshapeyourlifesstrategy.Ihaveabunchof“businessest
14、hatcompetefortheseresources:Imtryingtohavearewardingrelationshipwithmywife,raisegreatkids,contributetomycommunity,succeedinmycareer,andcontributetomychurch.AndIhaveexactlythesameproblemthatacorporationdoes.Ihavealimitedamountoftime,energyandtalent.HowmuchdoIdevotetoeachofthesepursuits?Allocationchoi
15、cescanmakeyourlifeturnouttoverydifferentfromwhatyouintended.Sometimesthatsgood:opportunitiesthatyouhaveneverplannedforemerge.Butifyoudontinvestyourresourceswisely,theoutcomecanbebad.AsIthinkaboutmyformerclassmateswhoinadvertentlyinvestedinlivesofhollowunhappiness,Icanthelpbelievingthattheirtroublesr
16、elatedrightbacktoashort-termperspective.Whenpeoplewithahighneedforachievementhaveanextrahalfhouroftimeoranextraounceofenergy,theyllunconsciouslyallocateittoactivitiesthatyieldthemosttangibleaccomplishments.Ourcareersprovidethemostconcreteevidencethatweremovingforward.Youshipaproduct,finishadesign,co
17、mpleteapresentation,closeasaleteachaclass,publishapaper,getpaid,getpromoted.Incontrast,investingtimeandenergyinyourrelationshipswithyourspouseandchildrentypicallydoesntofferthesameimmediatesen搜寻引擎优化fachievement.Kidsmisbehaveeveryday.Itsreallynotuntil20yearsdowntheroadthatyoucansay,“Iraisedagoodsonor
18、agooddaughter.Youcanneglectyourrelationshipwithyourspouseandonadailybasisitdoesntseemasifthingaredeteriorating.Peoplewhoaredriventoexcelhavethisunconsciouspropensitytounderinvestintheirfamiliesandoverinvestintheircareers,eventhoughintimateandlovingfamilyrelationshipsarethemostpowerfulandenduringsour
19、ceofhappiness.Ifyoustudytherootcausesofbusinessdisasters,overandoveryoullfindthispredispositiontowardendeavorsthatofferimmediategratification.Ifyoulookatpersonallivesthroughthatlens,youllseethatsamestunningandsoberingpattern:peopleallocatingfewerandfewerresourcestothethingstheywouldhaveoncesaidmatte
20、redmost.2.CreateAFamilyCulture.Itsonethingtoseeintothefoggyfuturewithaacuityandchartthecoursecorrectionsacompanymustmake.Butitsquiteanothertopersuadeemployeestolineupandworkcooperativelytotakethecompanyinthatnewdirection.Whenthereislittleagreement,youhavetouse“powertoolscoercion,threats,punishmentsa
21、ndsoon,tosecurecooperation.Butifemployeeswaysofworkingtogethersucceedoverandover,consensusbeginstoform.Ultimately,peopledonteventhinkaboutwhethertheirwayyieldssuccess.Theyembraceprioritiesandfollowproceduresbyinstinctandassumptionratherthanbyexplicitdecision,whichmeansthattheyvecreatedaculture.Cultu
22、re,incompellingbutunspokenways,dictatestheproven,acceptablemethodsbywhichmembersofagroupaddressrecurrentproblems.Andculturedefinestheprioritygiventodifferenttypesofproblems.Itcanbeapowerfulmanagementtool.Iusethismodeltoaddressthequestion,HowcanIbemyfamilybecomesanenduringsourceofhappiness?Mystudents
23、quicklyseethatthesimplestwayparentscanelicitcooperationfromchildrenistowieldpowertools.Buttherecomesapointduringtheteenyearswhenpowertoolsnolongerwork.Atthatpoint,parentsstartwishingtheyhadbegunworkingwiththeirchildrenataveryyoungagetobuildacultureinwhichchildreninstinctivelybehaverespectfullytoward
24、oneanother,obeytheirparents,andchoosetherightthingtodo.Familieshavecultures,justacompaniesdo.Thoseculturescanbebuiltconsciously.Ifyouwantyourkidstohavestrongself-esteemandtheconfidencethattheycansolvehardproblems,thosequalitieswontmagicallymaterializeinhighschool.Youhavetodesignthemintofamilyscultur
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