历史古建筑文化遗产保护政策研究.docx
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1、 伴随着我国经济快速发展,很多城市都选择了一些所谓的抽象艺术性的新 式建筑来展示自己城市的独特魅力,但是一个城市乃至一个国家的文化底蕴不 仅仅要靠新时代的建筑所展现,更要看其是否保存着具有历史价值的古建筑文 化遗产,因为它们不仅展示了这座城市的历史进程,更是体现了这座城市的深 厚文化以及真正的指引了当代人生活的方向。城市中的古建筑类文化遗产的保 留程度和保护程度是一座城市经济实力的体现,更是这座城市的科学文化、社 会生活及风土人情的缩影。 本文选择辽宁省鞍山市中的千山风景区中的古建筑组群作为例子,一是因 为它是我的家乡,二是因为在早期的鞍山也是有很多历史古建筑留存在这里的。 特别是鞍山市千山风
2、景区中保留了很多元、明、清等朝代的历史古建筑,因为 千山风景E 是由 999 座自然山峰组成,在古代也有很多文人雅士旅居在此,所 以在后期人们发现了数量不少的历史古建筑和当时的生活物品,可以说千山风 景区中的这些历史文物为鞍山的历史研究和后期发展提供了非常重要的证据。 不过在鞍山市政府没有做好完整的城市布局和规划的前提下,盲目地进行所谓 现代化城市统一规划建设,然而这样的城市建设却在慢慢地毁掉我们的历史古 建筑,造成了这些历史文化遗产逐年消失的尴尬境地。为了能够让这座城市得 到更好的发展和文化的传承,我们要防止历史古建筑被破坏,所以要深入了解 鞍山历史古建筑类文 化遗产的现状、价值和意义,并且
3、运用切实有效的政策来 保护这些历史建筑类文化遗产。这其中包括,学习西方发达国家的先进历史文 化保护技术和政策法律,特别是像法国、英国、德国、日本等地都有着几百年 的保护历史古建筑的经验和方法,再结合我国以及鞍山市的实际情况进行分析 和整治,从而实现鞍山市历史古建筑保护事宜,做到真正地保护鞍山、帮助鞍 山,达到新的文化、经济和自然环境相协调统一发展的正确道路。 本文的研宄架构和研宂内容如下: 首先,在绪论部分介绍了文化遗产的由来、历史古建筑的分类、中外国家 对于历史文化遗产和古建 筑遗产保护的研究、保护历史古建筑的理论意义与实 际意义、本文的创新点与不足等五部分。本文采用了文献综述法、比较分析法
4、、 实地考察法等对鞍山市千山风景区中的古建筑组群进行介绍以及对保护政策 出现的现状与问题进行讨论研究。 其次,论文讲述了历史文物、建筑组群、文化遗产和古建筑文化遗产的概 念,并且解释了历史古建筑文化遗产的意义、价值和保护它们的意义、原则等。 并且以英、法、日三国优秀的保护方法和案例作为我国历史古建筑保护的参照, 希望我国在未来的保护工作中能够融合中国古建 筑的实际情况,并取其精华继 而切实有效地展开保护工作,并且从中得到启示。结合鞍山千山古建筑组群的 实际情况,探讨我们的不足和缺点,并且寻求方法可以解决这些不足。 最后,论文结合我国和鞍山市的实际情况,提出了相应的保护政策和解决 对策,加强文物
5、保护法律的建设、对地方性法规的制定提出建议、提高政策的 执行力度和公众参与机制、选择恰当的政策工具等,并且采用政府补偿机制等 来进一步更好的完善历史古建筑类文化遗产的保护,能够改善或阻止一些对于 保护历史古建筑不作为的情况,让城市的发展与历史文化和自然环境达到和谐 统一,从而促进使鞍山市真正地发展。最后一章以总结性地语言指出保护历史 文化遗产是一项任重道远的任务。 这篇文章是从公共政策的角度出发,立足于鞍山市历史古建筑保护的现状 以及通过对比国外一些优秀的历史古建筑保护政策的实例来发觉我们的不足 并且进行对策研究。研究结果表明,鞍山市中的历史文物古建筑遗产有一部分 在前几年未能够得到很好的保护
6、,很多分散在城市区域中的历史古建筑都己经 出现破坏或者是处于被人们不识别的状态;幸好也有很多历史古建筑留存于千 山风景区,虽然经历过被人遗忘地过程,但是这些历史古建筑在 2011 年 的时 候还是有 8 处成功地晋级到 全国重点文物保护单位 。通过以上阐述,说明 鞍山市对于历史文化遗产的保护意识己经觉醒,同时也说明历史文物保护工作 的重要性。 关键词:历史古建筑类文化遗产,遗产保护,公共政策,政策工具,政府补偿 ABSTRACT With the rapid development of economic in our country, many cities chose some so-ca
7、lled abstract artistic new buildings to show their unique charming. However, a city, even the culture of a country, not only depends on new era of building shows, but also on whether they preserve the ancient cultural heritage possessing historical value , because these heritages not only show the h
8、istory of the city, more embody the profound culture of the city and truly guides the direction of the contemporary life. The degree of reservation and protection of culture heritage of ancient buildings category in a city is a reflection of economic strength, more the miniature of science and cultu
9、re, social life. The reason in this text selects the clusters of ancient architecture at Qianshi mountain scenic area in Anshan city, Liaoning province as an example in the one hand it is my hometown, and in the other hand there are still many historical buildings left in the early days in Anshan, s
10、pecially there keeping a lot ancient buildings of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Qianshan mountain scenic areais composed of 999 natural moxmtains and in ancient times there are also many refined scholars traveled and lived here, so later there were found a lot of historic buildings and life ite
11、ms of that time. We can say it is these historical relics provides important evidence for later historical researches and late development of Anshan. However, the Anshan government in the instances of not finishing the complete layout and planning of tiie city, constructs the city in the way that fi
12、ts the so-called modem urbanization blindly. It is tins construction that destroys the historic buildings, and cultural relics disappear from year by year to cause an embarrassing situation. In order to get better development and inheritance of culture of the city, we should prevent the historic bui
13、ldings from destroyed, so there should be a deep understanding of the status, value and significance of ancient cultural heritage of ancient buildings category, and the concrete and effective policies protecting these historic cultural heritage should be used. We are going to study the advanced tech
14、nology and the historical and cultural protection policy and law in western developed countries, especially like France, Britain, Germany, Japan and other places where are having hundreds of years of experience and methods of protecting historical buildings, and combine the actual situation of our c
15、ountry and Anshan city to analyze and regulate, so as to realize Anshan historical buildings protection, accomplish truly protect and help Anshan, to reach a new correct road which achieves the coordinated development of cultural, economic and natural environment. In this fliesis, research framework
16、 and research content is as following: First, in the introduction part the paper introduces the origin of cultural heritage, the classification of ancient historical architecture, and studying their theoretical and practical significance, revealing why to protect historic buildings and cultural heri
17、tage. In this thesis, literature review, comparative analysis rice, field visits and other research methods are used to study Qianshan scenic protection of ancient architectural complex policy problems. Secondly, the thesis describes the concqjt of historical relics, cultural heritage and the cultur
18、al heritage of ancient architecture, and explains the value of cultural heritage of ancient architecture, the significance and principle of protection and etc. Referring to the superb protection methods and cases in France, Britain, and Japan three countries, our country is expected to consider our
19、practical situation, absorb their quintessence, implement protection work, and get enlightenment in the fiiture, also, combined with the actual situation of Anshan Qianshan ancient buildings, to explore our shortcomings and weaknesses, and to seek ways to solve these problems. Finally, the thesis ba
20、sed on the actual situation of Chinas Anshan City proposes the corresponding protection policies and solutions, strengthens the construction of cultural relics protection law, suggests to enact local regulations, improves the enforcement of policies and public participation, chooses the right policy
21、 tools, and also uses protective government compensation mechanism to further improve historical architectural heritage better. These methods can improve or prevent some omission cases of the protection of historic buildings , to achieve citys development and history, culture and nature environment
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