人工合成基因组.ppt
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1、人工生命artificial lifen n2007200720072007年年年年6 6 6 6月月月月 美国科学家克雷格美国科学家克雷格美国科学家克雷格美国科学家克雷格 文特尔和他领导的研究小组宣布,文特尔和他领导的研究小组宣布,文特尔和他领导的研究小组宣布,文特尔和他领导的研究小组宣布,他们首次实现了完整的基因组在物种间的移植,这一成功为首个他们首次实现了完整的基因组在物种间的移植,这一成功为首个他们首次实现了完整的基因组在物种间的移植,这一成功为首个他们首次实现了完整的基因组在物种间的移植,这一成功为首个人造生命人造生命人造生命人造生命的降生奏响了序曲。的降生奏响了序曲。的降生奏响了序
2、曲。的降生奏响了序曲。文特尔说,这次成功让他向着制造出首个文特尔说,这次成功让他向着制造出首个文特尔说,这次成功让他向着制造出首个文特尔说,这次成功让他向着制造出首个人造生命人造生命人造生命人造生命又迈进一又迈进一又迈进一又迈进一步,他将在几个月内利用人工合成的基因组展开类似的移植试验,步,他将在几个月内利用人工合成的基因组展开类似的移植试验,步,他将在几个月内利用人工合成的基因组展开类似的移植试验,步,他将在几个月内利用人工合成的基因组展开类似的移植试验,实现科研史上零的突破。如果试验成功,文特尔就能宣布他造出实现科研史上零的突破。如果试验成功,文特尔就能宣布他造出实现科研史上零的突破。如果
3、试验成功,文特尔就能宣布他造出实现科研史上零的突破。如果试验成功,文特尔就能宣布他造出全球第一个全球第一个全球第一个全球第一个合成生命合成生命合成生命合成生命形式。形式。形式。形式。n n2010201020102010年年年年5 5 5 5月月月月20202020日日日日 J.Craig Venter Institute(JCVI),a not-J.Craig Venter Institute(JCVI),a not-J.Craig Venter Institute(JCVI),a not-J.Craig Venter Institute(JCVI),a not-for-profit gen
4、omic research organization,published for-profit genomic research organization,published for-profit genomic research organization,published for-profit genomic research organization,published results today describing the successful construction of results today describing the successful construction o
5、f results today describing the successful construction of results today describing the successful construction of the first self-replicating,synthetic bacterial cell.The the first self-replicating,synthetic bacterial cell.The the first self-replicating,synthetic bacterial cell.The the first self-rep
6、licating,synthetic bacterial cell.The team synthesized the team synthesized the team synthesized the team synthesized the 1.08 million base pair(1080kb)1.08 million base pair(1080kb)1.08 million base pair(1080kb)1.08 million base pair(1080kb)chromosome of a modified chromosome of a modified chromoso
7、me of a modified chromosome of a modified Mycoplasma mycoides Mycoplasma mycoides Mycoplasma mycoides Mycoplasma mycoides genome.The genome.The genome.The genome.The synthetic cell is called synthetic cell is called synthetic cell is called synthetic cell is called Mycoplasma mycoidesMycoplasma myco
8、idesMycoplasma mycoidesMycoplasma mycoides JCVI-syn1.0 JCVI-syn1.0 JCVI-syn1.0 JCVI-syn1.0 and is the proof of principle that genomes can be and is the proof of principle that genomes can be and is the proof of principle that genomes can be and is the proof of principle that genomes can be designed
9、in the computer,chemically made in the designed in the computer,chemically made in the designed in the computer,chemically made in the designed in the computer,chemically made in the laboratory and transplanted into a recipient cell to laboratory and transplanted into a recipient cell to laboratory
10、and transplanted into a recipient cell to laboratory and transplanted into a recipient cell to produce a new self-replicating cell controlled only by produce a new self-replicating cell controlled only by produce a new self-replicating cell controlled only by produce a new self-replicating cell cont
11、rolled only by the synthetic genome.the synthetic genome.the synthetic genome.the synthetic genome.n nThis research will be published by Daniel Gibson et al in This research will be published by Daniel Gibson et al in This research will be published by Daniel Gibson et al in This research will be pu
12、blished by Daniel Gibson et al in the May 20th edition of the May 20th edition of the May 20th edition of the May 20th edition of Science ExpressScience ExpressScience ExpressScience Express and will appear and will appear and will appear and will appear in an upcoming print issue of in an upcoming
13、print issue of in an upcoming print issue of in an upcoming print issue of ScienceScienceScienceScience.Genome transplantation Genome transplantation in bacteria:changing one in bacteria:changing one species to anotherspecies to another天然完整基因组种间转移天然完整基因组种间转移天然完整基因组种间转移天然完整基因组种间转移:As a step toward pr
14、opagation of As a step toward propagation of synthetic genomes,we completely synthetic genomes,we completely replaced the genome of a bacterial replaced the genome of a bacterial cell with one from another species by cell with one from another species by transplanting a whole genome as transplanting
15、 a whole genome as naked DNA.Intact genomic DNA naked DNA.Intact genomic DNA from from Mycoplasma mycoidesMycoplasma mycoides(蕈状支蕈状支蕈状支蕈状支原体原体原体原体 )large colony(LC),virtually large colony(LC),virtually free of protein,was transplanted into free of protein,was transplanted into Mycoplasma capricolumM
16、ycoplasma capricolum(山羊支原体)山羊支原体)山羊支原体)山羊支原体)cells by polyethylene glycol(PEG)-cells by polyethylene glycol(PEG)-mediated transformation.Cells mediated transformation.Cells selected for tetracycline resistance,selected for tetracycline resistance,carried by the carried by the M.mycoidesM.mycoides LC
17、 LC chromosome,contain the complete chromosome,contain the complete donor genome and are free of donor genome and are free of detectable recipient genomic detectable recipient genomic sequences.These cells that result sequences.These cells that result from genome transplantation are from genome tran
18、splantation are phenotypically identical to the M.phenotypically identical to the M.mycoides LC donormycoides LC donor strain as judged strain as judged by several criteria.by several criteria.-Science.2007 Aug 3;317:632-8-Science.2007 Aug 3;317:632-8合成基因组合成基因组-Science论文论文ScienceScience 2 July 2010:
19、Vol.329.no.5987,pp.52-56 2 July 2010:Vol.329.no.5987,pp.52-56 Creation of a Bacterial Cell Controlled by a Chemically Synthesized Creation of a Bacterial Cell Controlled by a Chemically Synthesized GenomeGenomeDaniel G.Gibson,1 John I.GlassDaniel G.Gibson,1 John I.Glass et al et alWe report the desi
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