宾语从句详解课件(公开课).ppt
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1、Object Clauses 宾语从句,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,(简单句),主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,(复合句),什么是宾语?,I know him.Do you have the time?I think (that) she is beautiful.Why dont you pay attention to me?,宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后,宾语从句(Object Clause)1. I dont know when we shall meet again. 我不知道我们什么时间会见面。
2、 2. This reminded me of what he had once promised me. 这使我想起他曾对我的许诺。,一、宾语从句的概念,从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词(连接词)语 序时 态,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,
3、why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,(一)引导词,1,2,3,e.g. I hear (that) _. He said (that) _. The teacher told us (that) _ _.,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,注:that 在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分,在口语当中往往省略,around the sun,that不能省略的两种情况,(1)当that作介词except, in
4、,about 宾语时They believe in that she must still be single. I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.,(2)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时( it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语,而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾) I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.We heard it that she would
5、get married next month.,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,if/ whether “是否”,说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, know, wonder, can (could) you tell me 等后。,Are you a student? Please tell me.= Please tell me if /whether you are a student. Do you go to school by bike every day? Could you tell me?=Could you tell me if/whethe
6、r you go to school by bike every day?,1. I want to know .Will he go to the park with us?=_ _,I want to know if/whether he will go to the park with us.,I ask him.Can he come?_,1. Could you tell me?2. Does Mr. Li lives here?_,只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况,1. 在介词后面:Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.W
7、e are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2. 在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.) :They asked me whether to go skating.,3.当与or not连用,或提出两种选择时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4. 宾语从句提前时:Whet
8、her this is true or not, I cant say.,Practice time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I wonder _ he is well.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,whether,whether /if,whether,whether,3) 特殊疑问句用作宾语从句时,用原句中的疑问词引导。注意:要将疑问句语序
9、改为陈述句语序(即S+V+)Who are you waiting for? Can you tell me?=Can you tell me who you are waiting for?What did he do yesterday? I dont know.=I dont know what he did yesterday.,V助,V实“做”,V实“做”,1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_?3. He asked_.4. Do you know _?5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _?7. Could you
10、 tell me _?,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,whose bike was the best in the class,when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,由疑问代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和疑问副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句,并在从句中担任句子成分,具有一定的意义,不可省略。
11、,二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What did he want to buy ? I dont know what did he want to buy . I dont know what he wanted to buy .,主句+连接词+从句(主+谓+其他成分),Whats wro
12、ng? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?,注:当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时,语序不变:,eg: I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is ?,做主语,做宾语,否定的转移,若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等, 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句
13、谓语用肯定式。,I dont think this dress fits you well. I dont think you are right.,我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为你是错的。,I dont believe you will finish the work today.,我认为你今天无法完成工作。,时态:1. 主句是一般现在时,宾语从句时态不变。It is going to rain. I think. = I think (that) it is going to rain.2) He is a worker. He tells me.= He tells me (that)
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