2022年英美概况括考前知识点总结 .docx
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1、精品_精品资料_英国概况1,英国名称: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2, 的理位置: Great Britain is the largest island of the British Isles, the largest island in Europe and the eighth-largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of Continental Europe, with Ireland to the west, and makes
2、up the largest part ofthe territory of the state known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is surrounded by over 1,000citation needed smaller islands and islets.或者回答 British mainland western Europe from GreatBritain and Ireland, north-east and many nearby island,sShe east
3、 by the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, up to the North Atlantic off Iceland, Yugoslavia and the European continent, separated only by a strip of water, the English Channel3, 英国首都: London4,组成部分: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 5,民族: England Welsh、Scotch、Irish6, 英国国旗: the Uni
4、on Flag 英国国歌: God Save The Queen天佑女7,三次外族入侵: Roman Conques.t43AD, the roman empire可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ Anglo-Saxon Conquest . the late 8th century, Scandinavia, created a certain cultural divide between northerners and southerners in England Norman Conquest .1066, Normans, William took the Engli
5、sh throne, and became William the First4, 英国主要河流: River Thames泰晤士河River Severn 塞文河8,政府组成部分: Monarch,Parliament, Cabinet君主制时间: 5th century AD君主的职能: Presided over the opening of parliament , Order in Council approved the signed of an Act of Parliament and meet the PrimeMinister and the Queen stands fo
6、r the British in the world .Such as receiving foreign ambassadors and high commissioners, receiving visiting heads ofstate, and and accessing overseas countries ,the United Kingdomand other countries to support diplomaticand economic rerelations.君主现处位置:皇宫: Buckingham Palace现代君主: Elizabeth II 9,议会历史:
7、 Magna Carta组成部分: QueenKing ,house of lords , house of commons如何成为两院的议员:To be house of lords: appointed by the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_QueenKingTo be house of commons: general election主要职能: pass the law 10,内阁首脑: Minister成员: the members of parliament职能: to persuade parliament to pass laws and vote for
8、 taxescarry out the functions of policy-making11,英国普选对象: voters and candidates选举人: 候选人:成为首相的人选: the leader of the governing party主要执政党派: the conservation party the labour party现任英国的执政党: the labour party如何成为执政党: The party wins the majority seats in the house of commons12,英国经济工业革命之父:瓦特( James Watt)创造:
9、蒸汽机( steam engine) 13,英国的训练3 个阶段: primary education ,secondary education,higher education2 大分支: public education , private education高校训练中的学位: bachelors degree,doctor degree,master degree可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_14,英国文学:1. 英 语 发 展 的 三 个 阶 段 : OldEnglish6 th11th:the anglo-saxon language MiddleEnglish11
10、 th-15th :the combinationofEnglishand French Modern English15 th now2. 英国最早的一部作品及内容:Beowulf3. 英国第一个诗人及其代表作:诗人: Geoffrey Chaucer 乔叟 .代表作: The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集 4.伊丽莎白时期的作家及其代表作 William Shakespeare: 悲剧 Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth,Romeo and Juliet喜剧 Twelfth Night, The Tempest, A Midsummer
11、 Night s Dream, The Taming Of The Shrew Christopher Marlowe : The Tragical History of DR Faustu5. 弥尔顿的三部曲: Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, SamsonAgonistes15,英国媒体最早的报纸: The Observer报纸分为那两类: broadsheetsquality presstabloidgutter press可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_BBC 的含义: The British Broadcasting Corporat
12、ion 16,英国的节日圣诞节的含义: to commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ感恩节的含义: to commemorates the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ美国概况:1, 名称: the United States of America2, 的理位置 geographical position:The country is situated mostly in central North America , and lies between the Pacific and Atlant
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