The Influence of the Bible on British Literature.doc
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1、The Influence of the Bible on British Literature Abstract The Bible is the classic works in Christianity, and it provides the British literature with inexhaustible materials. So the Bible has deep influence on British literature. British writers use stories of the Bible by three main methods. First,
2、 they quote persons names or stories of the Bible as the characters names or plots of the creations from the Bible directly. Sometimes they make some changes on the original stories. Sometimes they quote stories directly from the Bible as the writing materials. Second, they make use of symbolic mean
3、ing of the Bible by some technical such as simile, metaphor and symbolism, so that the stories could exert a great influence on contrasting with the new products. Third, the Bible influences British literature on styles and artistic characteristics. As the Holy Bible of the Christianity, its own has
4、 strong artistic charm and great aesthetic value, making it as the source of British literary works creation. The Bible records the merits, the faults and evil of the world, reflects the ancient feelings, implorations and ideals, explores the mystery relationships among God, people and the universe,
5、 and studies the philosophy of the relationships between people and people, people and the universe, human destiny and life values. British literary works all embody the Bible in all aspects. Therefore, the understanding of the Bible will further our understanding of British literature, will deepen
6、our appreciation of British culture and ideology, and will make us learn, research and appreciate the British literary works better. Key words: British literature the Bible methods 摘要圣经是基督教的经典作品, 为英国文学提供了取之不尽、用之不竭的素材。所以, 圣经对英国文学产生了深远的影响。英国作家化用圣经故事的主要方法有:直接引用圣经中的人名作为作品的人物名称,或直接引用圣经故事或对原型故事进行变形或处理,作为创
7、作素材通过比喻,隐喻或象征等手法,把圣经故事的寓意融汇到作品情节中或人物性格里,使这些故事发挥有力的陪衬作用圣经在文体和艺术特征方面对英国文学的影响。作为基督教圣书的圣经, 其本身具有很强的艺术魅力和巨大的审美价值, 这使它成为了英国文学作品的创作源泉。圣经记述人间的是非曲直、过失罪恶, 反映古人的喜怒哀乐、乞求和理想, 探索神、人、宇宙的奥秘和相互间妙不可言的关系, 研讨人与人之间的关系, 人与宇宙的关系、人类命运、人生价值等哲理。英国文学作品无不体现圣经的各个侧面, 因此对圣经的了解有助于我们进一步欣赏英国文学加深我们对英国文化和思想意识的了解, 更好地学习、欣赏乃至研究英国文学作品。 关
8、键词:英国文学 圣经 方式Contents1. Introduction.12. The influence of the Bible on British literature2.1 Quoting the Bible directly.22.2 Using the symbolic meaning of the Bible.3 2.3 The influence of the Bible on British literatures styles and artistic characteristics4 3. Conclusion .5 Notes.6Bibliography.7Ackn
9、owledgement.8 The Influence of the Bible on British Literature 1. Introduction The Bible is an epic that records the history of the ancient Hebrews, or the Jews, and also a philosophical work with deep meaning. In composition, it consists of two parts, the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Ol
10、d Testament talks about the religious history of the Jews while the New Testament covers Jesus life and the history of the production and development of Christianity. The title Testament means contract. According to the Bible, God elected the Jews as his believers or electors in the beginning and ap
11、pointed with the Jews patriarch Abraham that he could give Canaan land (Palestine in nowadays) to them and make them live in peace and work contentedly. But later the Jews were depraved gradually and began to adore idols. God got very angry and made them encountered a series of disasters while he ap
12、pointed that he would send a Savior to save them. The Savior is Jesus and Jesus story is recorded in the New Testament .God said Jesus was his son. Whoever believed in him were his electors. Jesus believers became the Christians and Christianity came into birth. Consequently, Judaism and Christianit
13、y believe in the same God.The Bible has a great influence on all westerners because it has the most popularity, the deepest influence, the biggest circulation and the most readers. Some people even read nothing but the Bible all their lives, or get their knowledge mainly from the Bible. In Britain,
14、the Bible is also used as a textbook and component of students education. The concept and philosophy of the Bible has been deeply pervaded into the consciousness of the westerners. Besides, although the Bible is not literary work, it has a high literary value. The styles of the Bible are in great nu
15、mbers. They contain fable, legend, myth, poem, essay, short novels and so on. Its language is simple but effective. Its rhetoric is colorful, such as metaphor, symbolism and simile and so on. Because of all its qualities and importance, the Bible has become the eternal theme of literary works. It af
16、fected British literature so much that many British writers use the language, styles or stories of the Bible in their works consciously or unconsciously. This thesis will analyze the three main methods that the British writers made use of the Bible. From the methods and the analysis, we can see the
17、Bibles great influence on British literature. 2. The Bibles Influence on British literature2.1 Quoting the Bible directly It is not difficult to find that some authors directly quote phrases from the Bible as the titles of their creations or take peoples names in the Bible as the names of their char
18、acters. In this way, they make their own works correspondent with or related to the Bible. The first epic in English literature, Beowulf, can serve as an example. Beowulf talks about God and says that the monster half-human Grendal is one of Cains descendants. Cains story originates from one chapter
19、 of the Old Testament -the Creation. Cain was the son of the first man Adam and the first woman Eve, who were made by God. He killed his brother Abel because of envy, and then he became the first sinner in the world. According to the Bibles spirit, relating the fierce Grendal to the sinner Cain is r
20、easonable. But George Gordon Byron,the anti-traditional romantic poet in the eighteenth century has given Cain a new interpretation. In his poetic drama Cain (1821) he portrayed Cain as a hero seeking the truth and against God.Also, some authors use stories in the Bible directly as creating material
21、s. We can see it from one story of Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales-The Monks Tale. The author wrote a monk who looked as though he enjoyed the good life. He ignored the old and strict ways because he liked the modern world and the indulgent life style. He completely ignored the rulings of St. Ben
22、et and St. Maur. In the tale, the monk quoted the story of Adams depravation in Eden to express his feeling of seeking freedom. The story of Adams depravation in it originated from the Bible- the Creation. God pioneered the world from a chaos. He d the sky, the earth, rivers, animals and plants. And
23、 he used mud to make a man named Adam. Then when Adam was sleeping, God drew out a rib to make a companion to him, who is Eve. Their living place was wonderful. There were beautiful flowers and fruits with moderate breezes all over. All that they needed was available. This is the scene of the Eden.
24、God told them that they could do everything they wanted but ate the fruit on the knowledge tree. Later Eve was provoked by the devil to eat the fruit, and she asked Adam to eat it, too. When God found out, under the irritation, he swept them away from the Eden. This is the cause of the original sin.
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