2019年高考英语 专题四 第二节 二.docx
《2019年高考英语 专题四 第二节 二.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2019年高考英语 专题四 第二节 二.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、二、转换词汇类二、转换词汇类(2015江苏)People select news in expectation of a reward.This reward may be either of two kinds.One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle,the other to what he calls the Reality Principle.For want of better names,we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed
2、reward.In general,the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption,accidents and disasters,sports,social events,and human interest.Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs,economic matters,social problems,science,education,and health.
3、News of the first kind pays its rewards at once.A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder,shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane,identify himself with the winning team,laugh understandingly at a
4、warm little story of children or dogs.News of the second kind,however,pays its rewards later.It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyanceas,for example,when he reads of the threatening foreign situation,the mounting national debt,rising taxes,falling market,scarce housing
5、,and cancer.It has a kind of “threat value” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.When a reader selects delayed reward news,he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.When he selects news of the other kind,he usually wi
6、thdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.For any individual,of course,the boundaries of these two classes are not stable.For example,a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem,rather than for its immediate reward.A coach may read a sports story for its threa
7、t value:he may have to play that team next week.A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting,not for its delayed reward,but very much as his wife reads an account of a party.In any given story of corruption or disaster,a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediat
8、e reward of indirect experience,but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness.Therefore,while the division of categories holds in general,an individuals tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another,or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.What New
9、s Stories Do You Read?Division of news storiesPeople expect to get 71.rewards/rewarded from reading news.News stories are roughly divided into two classes.Some news will excite their readers instantly while others wont.News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightenin
10、g scene without actual 73.involvement.Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and 74.share similar feelings with those involved.72.Explanations of the two classesNews of delayed reward will make readers suffer,or present a 75.threat to them.News of delayed rew
11、ard will induce the reader to 76.prepare for the reality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to 77.withdraw from the reality.Unstable boundaries of the two classesWhat readers expect from news stories are largely shaped by their 78.profession(s)/intention.Serious readers will both ge
12、t excited over what happens in some news stories and 79.adapt themselves to the reality.Thus,the division,on the whole,80.depends on the reader.考场思维模式第一步:读表格,填出较简单的概括词汇题文章标题是“你读什么样的新闻故事?” ,然后分三部分进行了分析。其中第 72 题是概括性词汇,根据其右表信息可知是“两类新闻故事的解释(说明)” ,故第 72 题填Explanations。注意首字母要大写。第二步:定位、定词、定性、定形任务型阅读表格高度概括了
13、原文信息,为了节约时间并且提高解题的针对性,先读表格内容,然后在原文中进行定位。定位后进行定词。定词后要定性(如名词、动词、形容词、副词),最后定形(如单复数、非谓语形式、大小写等)。1原文词汇类75根据原文第四段中的“It has a kind of threat value. ”可知应填 threat。77根据原文第四段中的“When he selects news of the other kind,he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.”可得到暗示,应填 wit
14、hdraw。79此句是对最后一段倒数第二句的转换。这可从第四段中的“he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work”得到暗示,填adapt。2转换词汇类71原文 reward 出现了多次。第一段有 a reward,第三段有 rewards,因此可以知道 reward是可数名词。此空只能填一个词,因此填 rewards。另外 reward 也可用作动词,还可填rewarded,表示被动,意思是“获得奖赏” 。73根据表格内容可以将信息定位
15、在原文第三段中的“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.” 。其中关键信息是 without any of the dangers or stresses involved,关键词是 involved。原文 involved 作后置定语,而此空前面是without actual,后面要填名词形式 involvement。74此题是将原文第三段中“He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder,shake his head s
16、ympathetically and safely at a hurricane,identify himself with the winning team,laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.”信息转换成题目中的“share similar feelings with those involved” 。76根据原文第四段中的“It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.”可得到暗示,填 prepare。80最后一段主要讲了这
17、两种分类不是一成不变的,也就是说这取决于读者,故填depends。3概括词汇类78文章最后一段提到的 sociologist,coach,politician 都是不同的职业,或者说不同的划分取决于不同的目的,故填 profession(s)/intention。第三步:复查并将答案填在答题卡上复查完确认没有修改之后,将试卷上所写答案填在答题卡规定区域,注意要认真书写,不能潦草。转换词汇类是典型的二次加工题型,需要考生有基本的构词法知识,对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时,不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息,还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工,从而提炼出新词。要求考生对已锁定
18、的关键句进行知识重组,运用多种表达方式,考查考生是否具有遣词造句的能力。常见的转换词汇题可分为:词形转换、同义(反义)表达、句型转换等。1词形转换词形转换题即用不同的方式表达文中的意义,由于表达的方法不同,被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同。有时所采用的词性会有所变化。如,动词与名词的转换、动词与动名词的转换、形容词与副词的转换、名词与形容词的转换等,有时还涉及短语搭配的考查。(1)Social isolation is an objective condition in which people have little communication with others.Social
19、 isolation means that people hardly communicate with others or stay alone.(2)Its also important for every student to set high academic goals so as to be able to build a good career.Students who want to build a good career should attach importance to setting high academic goals.2同义(反义)表达同义(反义)表达是指用不同
20、的词组表达同一个意思或是相反的意思。这主要考查考生灵活运用英语的能力。此项考查要求我们对同义/反义词(组)互换,单个动词与动词短语的互换,单个副词与短语的互换等。(1)The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitelywe would run out.The vast majority of resources cant be replaced and they would be used up.(2)But they say its far from clear that social isolation,not loneliness,i
21、s always the real cause of increased death rate.It was still unclear/vague/ambiguous that social isolation rather than loneliness is the real cause of higher death rate.(3)You are expected to know that every step counts and that setting up goals is easy,but following them on a consistent basis is di
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 2019 年高 英语 专题 第二
限制150内