解题原则讲义.docx
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1、新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列四级阅读强化提高班四级阅读强化提高班 主讲:唐思宇主讲:唐思宇仔细阅读仔细阅读三个基本原则:三个基本原则:1、 先题后文原则先题后文原则先看题干再管文章两个要点:、四级阅读多考察文章的细节 、题目可以提示阅读思路2、 顺序原则顺序原则题目顺序与行文顺序一致两个要点:、根据题目顺序判断所考信息的大致段落、定位模糊的题目可以“夹逼”3、 定位原则定位原则每个题都要回原文去找最佳定位范围:句子至少定位至段不要有任何一道题“不知道考哪里”!根据定位原则题目可以分为三种基本题型根据定位原则题目可以分为三种基本题型细节题细节题用题干可以找到一或几句话(三句及之内)段落题段
2、落题用题干只能找到一或几个段落(三段及之内)全文题全文题用题干什么也找不到解题原则与技巧解题原则与技巧一、一、 细节题细节题什么样的题是细节题?新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列题干问的是文中具体的人、或具体的事题干的一些词或短语在文中能找到题干的说法与文中某(几)个句子很像或者直接问一句话、一个词、一个短语的意思比如说:What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate? (2012-6)文章第四段:In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on再比如说Why did the Federal Aviation Auth
3、ority require the black boxes to be painted orange or yellow? (2010-6)文章第四段:the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow又比如说:The word “deterrent”(Line 2, Para.1)most probably refers to something that _ (2010.12)细节题多不多?占所有题目的 90%
4、08-12 年的 100 题中考虑 89 道怎么做?找准题干问的那句话是关键!定位定位词的选择:、数字、时间等非英文最好、人名、地名、组织名等大写专有名词、也可以考虑一般名词、以及长的“特难杂”的词。定位用的名词有:专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、实在不行,就考虑一般动词或形容词,但注意改写新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列最有用的几句话:三句原则定位句+前句+后句细节题的正确答案一定来自于文中某句话例题:64. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage? (2012-6)A) To rende
5、r better service to its users.B) To conform to the Federal guidelines.C) To improve its users connectivity.D) To expand its scope of business.答案:A解析:定位至四段首句,render better 改写原文 improve。原文:According to Facebooks vice president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service
6、, and if people dont share information, they have a “less satisfying experience.”65. What dies Senator Charles Schumer advocate? (2012-6)A) Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.B) Banning the sharing of users personal information.C) Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.D) Re
7、moving ads from all social-networking sites.答案:C解析:定位至六段二句,set guidelines 改写原文 formulate regualtions。原文:The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Commission to set gui
8、delines for social-networking sites.常考例题:常考例题:“因果题因果题”:问某事的原因或结果新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列显性因果:定位句前后明确给出因果关系词或表达why, because, reason, due to, stem from隐性因果:定位句前后没有明确因果关系词或表达1、 寻找定位句前后正确细节2、 该细节与定位句能够构成逻辑上的因果关系。“研究发现题研究发现题”:问某研究的发现或结论“研究”:study, research, experiment, poll“发现”:show, suggest, indicate, discover
9、, find, support, believe语义题:语义题:问某个词、词组或某句话的意思周边信息原则:常要应用三句原则,只看本句或本词基本没戏总结:总结:定位原则:找准定位句定位原则:找准定位句三句原则:确定解题句三句原则:确定解题句对应解题句出答案对应解题句出答案例题:59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965? (2010-6)A) New materials became available by that time.B) Too much space was needed for its installation.C) The earl
10、y models often got damaged in the crash.D) The early models didnt provide the needed data.答案:C原文:Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane - the area least subject to impact - from its original position
11、 in the landing wells.62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints? (2008-12)A. Most customers wont bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.B. Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.C. Few customers believe the service will
12、be improved.D. Customers have no easy access to store managers.答案:B新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列原文:Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last to hear compl
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