仪器分析实验 (8).pdf
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1、This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2022Chem.Soc.Rev.Cite this:DOI:10.1039/d1cs00307kActivity-based NIR fluorescent probes based onthe versatile hemicyanine scaffold:designstrategy,biomedical applications,and outlookThe discovery of a near-infrared(NIR,650900 nm)fluorescent chromophore he
2、micyanine dye with highstructural tailorability is of great significance in the field of detection,bioimaging,and medical therapeutic appli-cations.It exhibits many outstanding advantages including absorption and emission in the NIR region,tunablespectral properties,high photostability as well as a
3、large Stokes shift.These properties are superior to those ofconventional fluorogens,such as coumarin,fluorescein,naphthalimides,rhodamine,and cyanine.Researchershave made remarkable progress in developing activity-based multifunctional fluorescent probes based onhemicyanine skeletons for monitoring
4、vital biomolecules in living systems through the output of fluorescence/photoacoustic signals,and integration of diagnosis and treatment of diseases using chemotherapy orphotothermal/photodynamic therapy or combination therapy.These achievements prompted researchers todevelop more smart fluorescent
5、probes using a hemicyanine fluorogen as a template.In this review,we beginby describing the brief history of the discovery of hemicyanine dyes,synthetic approaches,and design strategiesfor activity-based functional fluorescent probes.Then,many selected hemicyanine-based probes that candetect ions,sm
6、all biomolecules,overexpressed enzymes and diagnostic reagents for diseases are systematicallyhighlighted.Finally,potential drawbacks and the outlook for future investigation and clinical medicinetransformation of hemicyanine-based activatable functional probes are also discussed.aState Key Laborato
7、ry of Fine Chemicals,Dalian University of Technology,2 Linggong Road,Dalian 116024,China.E-mail:bSchool of Bioengineering,Dalian University of Technology,2 Linggong Road,Dalian 116024,ChinacDepartment of Chemistry and Nano Science,Ewha Womans University,Seoul 03760,Korea.E-mail:jyoonewha.ac.krdThe K
8、ey Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine,Ministry of Education,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325035,ChinaeSchool of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,70 Nanyang Drive,637457,Singapore.E-mail:kypuntu.edu.sgfDivision of
9、 Chemistry and Biological Chemistry,School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,Nanyang Technological University,21 Nanyang Link,SingaporegResearch Institute of Dalian University of Technology in Shenzhen,Nanshan District,Shenzhen 518057,ChinaHaidong LiHaidong Li obtained his PhD fromDalian Univers
10、ity of TechnologyunderthesupervisionofProf.XiaojunPengin2019.Then,hejoinedtheDepartmentofChemistry and Nanoscience,EwhaWomansUniversity,wherehewasapostdoctoral fellow in the group ofProf.Juyoung Yoon.Now,he is anassociate professor in the School ofBioengineering at Dalian Universityof Technology.His
11、 research interestis focused on activatable bioprobesand theranostic agents.Heejeong KimHeejeong Kim obtained her BScfrom Ewha Womans University in2020.Currently,she is pursuing herPhD degree under the supervision ofProf.JuyoungYoonatEwhaWomans University.Her researchinterestisfocusedonsupra-molecul
12、ar nano-agents and AIEtheranostic agents.These authors contributed equally to this work.Received 11th November 2021DOI:10.1039/d1cs00307krsc.li/chem-soc-revChem Soc RevREVIEW ARTICLEPublished on 10 February 2022.Downloaded by Dalian University of Technology on 2/21/2022 6:42:33 AM.View Article Onlin
13、eView JournalChem.Soc.Rev.This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 20221.IntroductionThe monitoring of ions,active biomolecules,and vital enzymesin the physiological and pathological processes of living cellsand in vivo by using optical probes has significance for thediagnosis and treatment of
14、 diseases.124At present,the designand development of molecular imaging probes,especially thosewith emission in the near infrared region(NIR,650900 nm),isa relatively hot research field in chemical biology,biomedicineand molecular biology.2531In particular,activity-based NIRfluorescent probes have ga
15、ined attention due to their outstandingadvantages in the field of detection and bioimaging.3234Theseadvantages include high specificity,good sensitivity,deep tissuepenetration as well as a high signal-to-noise ratio,which caneffectively prevent false positive signals.35However,due to thelack of an i
16、deal fluorophore platform,smart NIR fluorescentprobes are very challenging to fabricate.Therefore,innovativestrategies are being sought to develop a new fluorophore.As far as we know,traditional fluorophores including coumarin,naphthalimide,and fluorescein have been widely used toconstruct functiona
17、l probes for the detection of importanttargets in living cells(such as H2S,H2O2,and enzymes)for thepast several decades,because their hydroxyl groups can bedecorated to control their optical properties.3644Unfortunately,the properties of absorption and emission in the visible regiongreatly limit the
18、ir application in in vivo imaging.The NIRfluorescent probes employed for in vivo imaging mostly belongto the cyanine dye family.45Over the last few decades,lots ofcyanine-based fluorescent probes have been developed for bio-imaging through nucleophilic substitution in chloro-substitutedcyanine dye d
19、erivatives.4548However,the performance ofcyanine fluorophores still needs to be improved.For instance,highly conjugated cyanine dyes are vulnerable to chemicaldestruction by nucleophiles or oxidants.49,50Additionally,thefluorescence behaviors of cyanine-based probes are difficult toquench by a photo
20、induced electron transfer(PET)mechanismbecause of their high-lying occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)energy levels.51,52Subsequently,many researchers have made great efforts todevelop alternative fluorophores with superior performance.As a milestone,Lin et al.discovered a new class of NIRhemicyanine f
21、luorophores(named HDs)by accidently treatingchloro-substituted cyanine dyes with resorcin.53HDs providean excellent platform for the construction of activity-based NIRactivatable bio-probes.They have hydroxyl functional groupsthat regulate the fluorescence behaviors in the near infraredregion(Fig.1A
22、),allowing for the detection and imaging oftargets in vivo with high signal-to-noise ratio.54Subsequently,Feng XuFeng Xu obtained his PhD(2020)from Dalian University of Tech-nology under the supervision ofProf.Xiaojun Peng.Currently,he isworking as a research assistant atWenzhou Medical University.H
23、isresearchinterestisfocusedoncyanine dyes for tumor imagingand therapy.Jingjing HanJingjing Han obtained her mastersdegree(2019)from the University ofChinese Academy of Sciences underthe supervision of Prof.Xuehai Yan.Now she is pursuing her PhD degreeunderthesupervisionofProf.Juyoung Yoon at Ewha W
24、omansUniversity.Her research interest isfocused on activatable fluorescentprobes,supramolecularnano-agents,and AIE theranostic agents.Qichao YaoQichao Yao obtained his BS fromHuazhong University of Science andTechnology(HUST),MDfromZhejiang Science-Technology Uni-versity(ZSTU)andPhDfromDalian Univer
25、sity of Technology(DLUT)under the supervision ofProf.Xiaojun Peng in 2019.Nowhe is a postdoctoral fellow at StateKey Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsfellowProf.JiangliFan.Hisresearchinterest is focused on visualizationof life processes as well as tumordiagnosis and treatment.Jingyun WangJingyun Wang is
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