气藏工程气藏工程气藏工程 (8).pdf
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1、The Primary Reservoir The Primary Reservoir CharacteristicsCharacteristicsIntroduction The fluid flow in porous media is different from that in pipes or conduits.Easy to measure the length and diameter of a pipe and compute its flow capacity as a function of pressure There are no clear-cut flow path
2、s which lend themselves to measurement in porous media The analysis of fluid flow in porous media has evolved throughout the years along two fronts:The experimental The analyticalIntroduction Mathematical relationships that are designed to describe the flow behavior of the reservoir fluids will vary
3、 depending upon the characteristics of the reservoir.The primary reservoir characteristics that must be considered:Types of fluids in the reservoir Flow regimes Reservoir geometry Number of flowing fluids in the reservoirTypes of fluids The isothermal compressibility coefficient is essentially the c
4、ontrolling factor in identifying the type of the reservoir fluid.In general,reservoir fluids are classified into three groups:IncompressiblefluidsSlightly compressible fluidsCompressible fluidsPressure-volume relationshipFluid density versus pressure for different fluid typesVolume and density chang
5、es as a function of pressure for the three types of fluidsIncompressibleSlightlyCompressibleCompressibleFLOW REGIMES There are basically three types of flow regimes that must be recognized inordertodescribethefluidflowbehaviorandreservoirpressuredistribution as a function of time:Steady-state flowUn
6、steady-stateflowPseudosteady-stateflow Steady-State Flow The flow regime is identified as a steady-state flow if the pressure at every location in the reservoir remains constant,i.e.,does not change with time.Unsteady-State Flow The unsteady-state flow(frequently called transient flow)is defined as
7、the fluid flowing condition at which the rate of change of pressure with respect to time at any position in the reservoir is not zero or constant.Pseudosteady-State Flow When the pressure at different locations in the reservoir is declining linearly as a function of time,i.e.,at a constant declining
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