2011年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析 .pdf
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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.2011 年考研英语(一)真题 Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as“a bodily exercise preciou
2、s to health.But _some claims to the contrary,laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does _short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to _,a good laugh is unlikely to hav
3、e _ benefits the way,say,walking or jogging does._,instead of straining muscles to build them,as exercise does,laughter apparently accomplishes the _,studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter.muscles,Such bodily reaction might conceivably help_the effects of psychological stress.Anyway
4、,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of _feedback,that improve an individuals emotional state._one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted _ physical reactions.It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry _they are sad but they become sa
5、d when te tears begin to flow.Although sadness also _ tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow _ muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz.1Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike 2Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce 3Astabilizing Bboosting Cimpairing Ddetermining 4
6、Atransmit Bsustain Cevaluate Dobserve 5Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable Drenewable 6AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief 7Aopposite Bimpossible Caverage Dexpected 8Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes 9Aaggravate Bgenerate Cmoderate Denhance 10Aphysical Bmental Csubconscious Dinternal 11AExce
7、pt for BAccording to CDue to DAs for 12Awith Bon Cin Dat 13Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause 14Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes Dsuppresses 15Ainto Bfrom Ctowards Dbeyond 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.16Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold 17Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferent 18Aadapted Bcatere
8、d Cturned Dreacted 19Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning Dsupposing 20AEventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConversely Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 p
9、oints)Text 1 The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.For the most part,the response has been favorable,to say the least.“Hooray!At last!wrote
10、 Anthony Tommasini,a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise,however,is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.Even Tommasini,who had advocated Gilberts appointment in the Times,calls him“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formi
11、dable conductor about him.As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez,that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part,I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conduc
12、tor or even a good one.To be sure,he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions,but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall,or anywhere else,to hear interesting orchestral music.All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf,or boot up my computer and download still more reco
13、rded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.For the time,attention,and money of the art-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,
14、but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.There recordings are cheap,available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic q欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.uality than todays live performances;moreover,they can be“consumed at a
15、 time and place of the listeners choosing.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record.Gilbe
16、rts own interest in new music has been widely noted:Alex Ross,a classical-music critic,has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into“a markedly different,more vibrant organization.But what will be the nature of that difference?Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire w
17、ill not be enough.If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed,they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21.We learn from Para.1 that Gilberts appointment has Aincurred criticism.Braised suspicion.Creceived acclaim.Daroused cu
18、riosity.22.Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is Ainfluential.Bmodest.Crespectable.Dtalented.23.The author believes that the devoted concertgoers Aignore the expenses of live performances.Breject most kinds of recorded performances.Cexaggerate the variety of live performances.Doverestimate t
19、he value of live performances.24.According to the text,which of the following is true of recordings?AThey are often inferior to live concerts in quality.BThey are easily accessible to the general public.CThey help improve the quality of music.DThey have only covered masterpieces.25.Regarding Gilbert
20、s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic,the author feels Adoubtful.Benthusiastic.Cconfident.Dpuzzled.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.Text 2 When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August,his explanation was surprisingly straight up.Rather than cloaking his exit in
21、 the usual vague excuses,he came right out and said he was leaving“to pursue my goal of running a company.Broadcasting his ambition was“very much my decision,McGee says.Within two weeks,he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group,which named him CEO and chai
22、rman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run.It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations.And McGee isnt alone.In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit wit
23、h the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure,executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on.A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their re
24、putations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold,deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net.In the third quarter,CEO turnover was down 23%from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had,according to Liberum Research.As the economy picks up,opportuni
25、ties will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached.Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:I
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