(精品)subject-verb_agreement.ppt
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1、 Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致 correction symbol:s-vWhat is subject-verb agreemenet?Subject-verb agreement(concord)means the agreement between subject and predicate verb in Number.number:singular or pluralPrinciples:1.1.Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreement2.2.Notional agreementNotional agreement
2、3.3.ProximityProximity Grammatical agreement:The verb must match its subject in number:If the subject is plural form,the verb should take the plural form.If the subject is singular,the verb should take the singular form.e.g.Many girls come on time every time.Every girl comes on time.Notional agreeme
3、nt:The verb can sometimes agree with the subject according to the notion of number rather than to the actual presence of the grammatical marker for that notion.e.g.Five minutes is a short period of time.The crowd were running for their lives.Proximity:The principle of proximity denotes agreement of
4、the verb with the head of the noun phrase that functions as subject.e.g.Either Jim or I am going to take the responsibility.1.1 When the noun which is used as the subject is followed by with,along with,together with,but,except,in addition to,besides,like,including,more than,rather than,less than,as
5、well as,etc.,we should refer to the noun.Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreement1.2 coordination with and and both and singular when refer to only one person or thing plural when refer to two or more than two persons or thingsGrammatical agreementGrammatical agreement1.3 When an infinitive,gerund
6、 or noun clause is used as the subject,the verb often take the singular form.Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreement1.4 When the subject is modified by each,every or no,the verb takes a singular form.1.5 each of+pron.(pl.),the verb takes a singular form.1.6 When none is used as a subject,the verb
7、 can be of a singular form,and can also be of a plural form.But when none refers to an uncountable thing,the verb should take a singular form.Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreement1.7 When some nouns,such as trousers,scissors,clothes,glasses,etc.,are used as the subject,the verb should take a pl
8、ural form.Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreement 某些名词如某些名词如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses等等,通常只用其复数通常只用其复数形式形式,但当它们被但当它们被a pair of 修饰时修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如谓语动词用单数。如:The pair of shoes is worn out.这双鞋破了。这双鞋破了。The shoes are worn out.鞋子破了。鞋子破了。1.8 Some nouns ending with s express a singular meaning,such as
9、news,physics,economics,the United States,Arabian Nights,etc.Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreementGrammatical agreementGrammatical agreement1.9 when“the number of+noun”is a subject,the verb should take a singular form.1.10%of+noun(S.):the verb takes a singular form%of+noun(Pl.):the verb takes a
10、plural form Grammatical agreementGrammatical agreementNotional agreementNotional agreement2.1 When an infinite pronoun is a subject,the verb form is decided by the noun it stands for,such as all,most,some,etc.2.2 When“the+adj.”is used as a subject,such as the rich,the poor,the living,the verb takes
11、a plural form.Notional agreementNotional agreement2.3 some nouns phrases,such as bread and butter,knife and fork,law and order,are used as the subject,the verb takes a singular form.Notional agreementNotional agreement2.4 indefinite quantity+noun,such as part of,a lot of,one of,a number of,plenty of
12、,etc.,the verb form depends on the noun.Notional agreementNotional agreementEg.A part of the textbooks have arrived.A part of the apple has been eaten up.2.5 Nouns expressing time,money,distance,etc are used as a subject,the verb takes a singular form.Notional agreementNotional agreementTen miles is
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