2019高中英语 Unit 22 Environmental Protection单元综合测评 北师大版选修8.doc
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1、1UnitUnit 2222 EnvironmentalEnvironmental ProtectionProtection.阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)A ATrees are useful to man in three important ways: they give him wood and other useful things, they give him cool places, and they help to stop drought and flood.Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man ha
2、s not found that the third of these points is the most important.Man wants to make money from trees, so he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had.And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees.So the forests slow
3、ly disappear.This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees.The results are even worse: for where there are trees, their roots break up soilmake the rain inand also bind(凝固) the soil, thus stopping it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground
4、and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich topsoil.When all the topsoil is gone, nothing is left but useless desert.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们树木对人类有三种重要的用处,人类却不合理的对待树木以至于森林慢慢减少并且给人类带来洪涝干旱等灾害,同时文章也暗示我们要保护森林使其免遭大量的砍伐。1The most important points of trees to man is_.Athey help him to make mone
5、yBthey give him cool Cthey give him wood and other thingsDthey help him to stop drought and floods【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段第一句 Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that the third of these points is the most important.可知树木对人类最重要的一点是他们能帮助人类阻止干旱和洪水。故选 D。【答案】 D2In many places forests sl
6、owly disappear because _.Amany trees have been cut down by man Bnew trees are not well looked after Cman has not paid enough attention to planting treesDall the above2【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段 Man wants to make money from trees, so he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has
7、lost the best friends he had.And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees.So the forests slowly disappear.描述可知选项 A、B、C 都是人为的造成许多地方森林慢慢消失的原因。故选 D。【答案】 D3Land becomes desert after all trees are cut down because_.Aroots of trees break up the soil Bthere are too many rainfallsC
8、strong winds bring a lot of sandDthere are no longer trees to keep the rain and protect the topsoil【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段描述可知当所有的树木被砍伐后陆地就会变成荒漠是因为再也没有树木保留住雨水和保护表层土壤。故选 D。【答案】 D4Which title best fits the passage?ATrees and ManBThe Function of Tree WoodCHow Do People Do with Trees?DThe Usage of Tree Root
9、s【解析】 标题归纳题。文章第一段讲树木对人类的用处,下面几段又讲人类是怎么不合理的对待树木的。所以本文最好的题目是树木和人类。故选 A。【答案】 AB BThere have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some people believe that they cant help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercisi
10、ng, their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths:IllIll nevernever loselose weightweightI I comecome fromfrom a a fatfat familyfamilyWrong! While we cant change the body type we are born with, we cant blame our genes for making us fat.Theres plenty of evidence that fatness runs in famil
11、ies, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercise too little.I I amam fatfat becausebecause I I burnburn caloriescalories slowlyslowlyWrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢)If fact, 3although fat people consume more energy that slim people, t
12、hey also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.ExerciseExercise isis boringboringWrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied program thats fun as well as progressive
13、.If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different route.If you do Yoga, try a taichi class.If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge.NoNo pain,pain, nono gaingainWrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed, pain is your body telling you somethings wrong, and continuing to exercise
14、could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If you dont, rest and seek medical advice.【语篇解读】 本文旨在澄清人们关于肥胖和运动的几个认识上的误区。作者告诉我们
15、:“肥胖与遗传无关;肥胖不是因为新陈代谢缓慢;运动可以是有趣的;运动不以疼痛为代价” 。5What does the author think about being fat?AIt is the family genes that make people fat.BPeople are fat because they consume too little energy.CA diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.DIt is the consequence of peoples unbalanced lifestyle
16、.【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercise too little”可知,人们肥胖的主要原因是生活方式的不平衡,表现为吃得太多而运动太少。故选 D。【答案】 D6According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting?ABy taking varied exercise.BBy choosing simple exercise.CBy doing r
17、egular exercise.DBy sticking to outdoor exercise.【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“The key is to develop a balanced and varied program thats fun as well as progressive.”可知,多样化的运动可使运动变得有趣。故选 A。4【答案】 A7What is the authors opinion about “No pain, no gain” in exercising?AKeeping fit is essentially a painful experienc
18、e.BExercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.CPain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.DGetting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Exercise is not meant to hurt.Indeed, pain is your body telling you somethings wrong, and continuing t
19、o exercise could lead to serious injury.”作者认为运动只会带来轻微的“不适” , “疼痛”是生病的征兆,继续运动会造成严重损伤。故疼痛持续,应停止运动。故选 B。【答案】 B8What is the purpose of the passage?ATo declare the importance of keeping fit.BTo clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.CTo confirm what has long been believed about keeping fi
20、t.DTo explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.【解析】 写作意图题。根据第一段的句子“There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.”可知,作者写本文是为了指出人们关于肥胖和运动的认识误区。故选 B。【答案】 BC CWhen Paul was a boy growing up in Utah, he happened to live near a c
21、opper smelter (炼铜厂), and the chemicals that poured out had made a wasteland out of what used to be a beautiful forest.One day a young visitor looked at this wasteland and called it an awful area.Paul knocked him down.From then on, something happened inside him.Years later Paul was back in the area,
22、and he went to the smelter office.He asked if they had any plans or if they would let him try to bring the trees back.The answer from that big industry was “No” Paul then went to college to study the science of plants.Unfortunately, his teachers said there werent any birds or squirrels to spread the
23、 seeds.It would be a waste of his life to try to do it.Everyone knew that, he was told.Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldnt get his idea accepted.Paul later got married but his dream would not die.And then one night he 5did what he could with what he had.As Samuel Johnson wrot
24、e, “It is common to overlook what is near by keeping the eye fixed on something remote.Attainable good is often ignored by minds busied in wide ranges.” Under the cover of darkness, he went secretly into the wasteland and started planting.And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland
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