英美概况 The Political System in the United States学习.pptx
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1、新罕布什尔 New Hampshire马萨诸塞 Massachusetts罗德岛 Rhode Island康涅狄格 Connecticut 纽约 New York新泽西 New Jersey宾夕法尼亚 Pennsylvania特拉华 Delaware马里兰 Maryland弗吉尼亚 Virginia北卡罗来纳 North Carolina南卡罗来纳 South Carolina佐治亚 Georgia第1页/共32页 The Articles of Confederation When the War of Independence was over,the Unites States was
2、not one unified nation as it is today.Congress of DelegatesProblems:raise money to pay off the war establish a money symstem deal with foreign nations第2页/共32页 The Article of ConfederationThe Article of Confederation failed:1.the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other 2.the con
3、gress had been given no authority to force any state to do anything.第3页/共32页 The Articles of ConfederationThe Article of Confederation failed because the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other.The Congress asked each state to send delegates to a convention in Philadelphia to d
4、iscuss the changes which would be necessary to strengthen the Articles of Confederation.(Rhode Island refused)第4页/共32页 The Articles of Confederation 第5页/共32页 Constitutionthe significant:1.set up a federal system with a strong central government 2.A federal symstem3.call for the election of a nationa
5、l leader4.federal laws will be made only by a Congress5.a national court system第6页/共32页第7页/共32页 Two main fears1.one person or group,including the majority,might become to powerful or be able to seize control of the country and create a tyranny.The executive the legislative and the judicial第8页/共32页 T
6、wo main fears2.the new central government might weaken or take away the power of the state governments to run their own affairs.The Constitution specified exactly what power the central government had,and which power was reserved for the states.第9页/共32页We,the People.purpose:promote the general Welfa
7、re,and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity第10页/共32页 the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedom or the basic rights and privileges of the citizens so“Bill of Rights”was added to the Constitution in 1791第11页/共32页第12页/共32页 Legislative Branchfuction:make
8、federal laws,levy federal taxes,declare war or put foreign treaties into effect.第13页/共32页A Two-chamber congress House of Representatives 2-year terms determined by populationcongressional districts435at least 25 years old,citizen for 7 ys 第14页/共32页第15页/共32页Senate 参议院6-year terms2/state 100at least 3
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