中考英语语法第9讲---形容词与副词(55ppt).ppt
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1、中考英语语法,(第九讲 形容词与副词),一:形容词与副词,形容词的最基本用法一:adj+n : 放于名词前起修饰 a red apple. An ugly man二:主+be+ adj: 对物体描述是描述的静止The class is bright.教室很明亮,特殊形容词的问题一: 和an/ a 连用, 判断具体是a还是 an_ ugly man; _ usual person; _ unusual person; 二: 特殊形容词:只用于表语,不能用于定语 ill; ready; sure; alike; asleep; awake; alive;三:长得像副词的形容词-ly, Friend
2、ly友好的; ugly丑陋的; lovely可爱的; likely可能的; lonely孤独的,好的问题,Goodwell-kind adj 善良的;Sb be good at某人擅长做Sb do well in某人擅长做Sb be kind to sb某人对另外一个人好例:It is very kind _ you to help me.Of/ to/ forThe _ lady is _ to her grandchildrenKind; well/ well; kind/ good; kind/ kind; kind,副词的基本用法-考副词的位置,一: 修饰动词用(考点: 和形容词联合考
3、察)He does it very _good/ nice/ well/ wonderfulThough he was _, he hardly finished the whole journey _.good; well/ good; good/ well; well/ well; good最常考的形容词与副词 goodwell的区别Well 是副词,在动词后是做得好; 干得好Well 是形容词, 放在be动词后, 表健康Good 只是形容词, 表示品质He _ works _.Hard; hard/ hardly; hardly/ hard; hardly/ hardly; hard解析
4、:典型的频率副词和程度副词的联合考察分清词性与位置 Hard work困难的工作work hard努力工作hardly work几乎不工作,二、频率副词,一:常用频率副词有哪些?neverhardly=seldomsometimesusually-often-always二:表频率副词的位置-动词之前, Be动词之后三:反义疑问句中的考试He hardly works hard, _ he?does/ doesnt/ dont/ isntHe has little food, _he?does/ doesnt/ dont/ isnt,三: 形容词与副词合一(有个别词既是形容词又是副词)Hard
5、-hardlyDeep-deeplyLate -latelyEarly例: 他迟到了He is lateHe came late.,练习讲考点,It is late enough that we can go home now.It is late enough for us to go home now.1误析 要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:for somebody to do something。,The twins are much alike. The twins are very alike.2误 析 用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一
6、般要用much来修饰。,The children came late yesterday to the cinema.The children came late to the cinema yesterday.1误 析 表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。,you have few new books, have you?You have few new books, havent you?2误析 英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),a few(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little (很少,几乎没有),a li
7、ttle(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而 a few 和a little 用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。,He spent quite little money on his food.He spent quite a little money on his food.1误 析 quite a 为一固定用法,其意为十分,相当,所以。 quite a fewmany, quite a littlemuch 而only a littlelittle, only a few=few.,Do you want to have some bread? Do y
8、ou want to have any bread?2误析 some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some。 其次是some 可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。,Please tell me where the shoes shop is?Please tell me where the shoe shop is.1误析 在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:a shoe shop 鞋店 a fruit shop 水果店 a book shop 书店a post of
9、fice 邮局 a police station 警察局 a bus stop 汽车站,He is weak at physics.He is weak in physics.1误析 在表达擅长于作某事时用be good at something, 而其反意词为be bad at something, 但be weak in something。,Dont be afraid of that. Dont afraid of that.2误析 afraid 在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:be afraid of 害怕 be careful of 小心be certain of 有把
10、握,确定 be sure of 确信be glad of 高兴 be sick of 厌恶be fond of 喜欢,The work has already been done well.The work has already been well done.1误析 well 与badly作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如:This machine has been badly damaged. 如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如:I did my homework well.,We are already in the classroom now. We a
11、re yet in the classroom now.2误析 already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:Did you finish it? No. not yet.,Look! Here he comes!Look. Here comes he! Look! Here the bus comes!Look! Here comes the bus!2,3误析 在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。,She is my elder sister. She is my older sister.2误析 elder 和eld
12、est是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older, oldest 则是指岁数大多少,如:She is three years older than I.,Im tired. I cant go further.Im tired. I cant go farther.1误析 far有两个比较级 farther 较远的,further 进一步的,如:Do you need any further explanation? 你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.,I went to Beijing University five years ago. I
13、 went to Beijing University five years before.2误析 ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用。,- Have you finished your homework?- No, not yet. - Have you finished your homework?- No, not already. 2误 析 仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already, yet 与 still。 要注意的是 already经常用于肯定句中,如The bus has already gone。 而yet 多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Have you f
14、inished your homework yet? 而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如:We still cant decide what to do. 但也有时用于be 动词之后,如:He is still here.,Ive ever been to America.Ive been to America once.1误析 once 多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如:Have you ever been to London?,- Could you pass the exam this time?- No, I am not afraid so.
15、 - Could you pass the exam this time?- No, Im afraid not. 1误 析 在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如:Do you think she is a good student? Yes I think so, /I hope so, /I believe so/ Im afraid so.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,I dont think so 而在hope, belive 与 afraid后则常用not, 如:I hope not.,She didnt work hard enough, so
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