英语增译法翻译技巧.docx
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1、英语增译法翻译技巧 许多同学在进行英语四六级考试时,翻译题型是最让人苦恼的题型。要想在英语四六级考试取得高分,那要驾驭考试的技巧。下面我就和大家共享英语增译法翻译技巧共享,希望能够帮助到大家,来观赏一下吧。 英语增译法翻译技巧共享 增译法: 指依据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增加一些词、短句或句子,以便更精确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语(论坛)句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be"结构来翻译以外,一般都要依据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉
2、两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的运用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词运用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人全部的或与某人有关的事物时,必需在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时须要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又须要依据状况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时经常须要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在汉译英时还要留意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。 如: (1)Wha
3、t about calling him right away? 立刻给他打个电话,你觉得如何? (增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际状况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本土的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.
4、(增译物主代词) (5)只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。 While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增译连词) (6)这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.(增译介词) (7)在人权领域,中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。 In the field of human rights, China oppos
5、es the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.(增译暗含词语) (8)三个臭皮匠,合成一个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.(增译注释性词语) 2022年翻译资格考试(catti)一级笔译材料 Clusterluck 集群之幸 Bostons biotech hub is surviving the challenge from Silicon Valley
6、波士顿的生物技术中心正从硅谷的挑战中幸存下来 Distance is not dead. In biotechnology, as in other tech-based industries, the clustering of similar firms is more important than ever. Some American biotech startups are based in the San Francisco and Silicon Valley area, huddled with its many digital and IT startups. But the
7、 Boston metropolitan area and in particular Cambridge, across the Charles river from central Boston seems to be holding its own as the worlds pre-eminent biotech hub. 距离并未消亡。与其他以技术为基础的行业一样,在生物技术领域,同类公司的集群比以往任何时候都更为重要。一些美国生物技术创业公司把总部设在旧金山和硅谷地区,跟当地的众多数字及IT创业公司扎堆。然而,波士顿大都会区特殊是与波士顿市中心隔查尔斯河相望的剑桥市俨然已能与之抗衡
8、而成为世界上卓越的生物技术中心。 The San Francisco areas pool of venture capital is beyond compare; and a biotech-industry body there, the California Life Sciences Association, argues that California is the number one state for biomedical employment. But in part that is simply a reflection of the states large popul
9、ation, which means its health-care business is necessarily big. The Massachusetts Biotechnology Council claims that its state employs more people in biotech research and development than any other. 旧金山地区的风险投资资源是别处无可比拟的。当地的生物技术行业团体“加利福尼亚生命科学协会”(California Life Sciences Association)认为,加利福尼亚是生物医学就业第一州。
10、但这在某种程度上只是该州浩大人口数量的表现,人口众多意味着其医疗保健产业必定浩大。马萨诸塞州生物技术委员会(Massachusetts Biotechnology Council)声称,该州在生物技术研发领域的就业人数超过其他任何一个州。 A study published last December by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that although, per head, the Boston area had fallen well behind San Francisco and Silicon V
11、alley in creating software and internet startups, it was more or less keeping pace in life sciences. The density of research institutions in Massachusetts means that it receives $351 per head in funding from the National Institutes of Health, well ahead of the Golden States $88. This density of rese
12、arch was a reason cited by General Electric, which has a big medical-technology division, in its announcement in Janurary that it will move its group headquarters to Boston. 去年12月,麻省理工学院公布的一项探讨发觉,波士顿地区虽然在人均创建软件和互联网创业公司的数量上远落后于旧金山与硅谷,但在生命科学领域不前不后。麻省密集的探讨机构使它从美国国立卫生探讨院(National Institutes of Health)获得
13、人均351美元的资金,远超过“黄金之州”(加利福尼亚)的人均88美元。拥有浩大医疗技术部门的通用电气1月宣布将把集团总部迁往波士顿,它提到该地区探讨机构的高密度是一大缘由。 The history of the Boston area cluster can be traced to the late 1970s and early 1980s, when Biogen and Genzyme, two biotech drugmakers, were founded by scientists from nearby academic institutions. Other scientis
14、ts, especially from MIT and Harvard, Cambridges two internationally renowned universities, followed suit and created innovative startups of their own. 波士顿地区产业集群的历史可以追溯到上世纪70年头末和80年头初。当时,周边学术机构的科学家建立了生物技术制药企业百健(Biogen)和健赞(Genzyme)。其他科学家纷纷效法,创建了自己的创新型创业公司,尤其是来自麻省理工和哈佛的科学家,这两所国际知名高校都位于剑桥市。 This encoura
15、ged global pharmaceutical giants, struggling with poor productivity in their existing research facilities, to set up labs in and around Cambridge. Novartis of Switzerland began work on its outpost in 2002, followed by such names as AstraZeneca of Britain and Baxter of Illinois, which in 2022 spun ou
16、t its Cambridge labs as Baxalta, a specialist in “orphan” diseases. In Janurary Baxalta agreed a $32 billion takeover by Shire, an Irish drugs giant. 这促使那些苦于现有探讨设施生产力低下的全球制药巨头在剑桥及其周边建立试验室。瑞士诺华(Novartis)2002年起先在此设点,紧接着是英国的阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和美国伊利诺伊州的百特(Baxter)。2022年,百特把它的剑桥试验室拆分出来,成立了专攻罕见病的Baxalta公司。今年
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