高考英语语法专题备考被动语态优秀PPT.ppt
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1、高考英语语法专题备考课件被动语态第一页,本课件共有56页一、被动语态构成形式被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词没有被动语态。在不同的时态下助动词be有不同的形式。第二页,本课件共有56页现以及物动词tell为例,列表如下:时态被动语态的构成一般式一般现在时be(am,is,are)told一般过去时be(was,were)told一般将来时shall/will be told过去将来时should/would be told进行式现在进行时be(am,is,are)being told过去进行时be(was,were)being told完成式现在完成时have/has
2、 been told过去完成时had been told第三页,本课件共有56页1.一般现在时:You are ordered to do it.这样考过(南京调研)The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow,when a snowstorm _ to strike our area.A.expectsBhas expectedCis expected Dwill be expected解析:句意:届时会有暴风雪。be expected to“预计会做某事”。答案:C第四页,本课件共有56页2一般过去时:I was invi
3、ted to the concert.这样考过(北京)The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.Atreated Bwere treatedCwould treat Dwould be treated第五页,本课件共有56页解析:句意:客人们在旅馆中被招待的方式影响到对他们服务的评价。此题考查时态语态。根据题意,客人是被招待的,应排除A、C两项;influenced 时间提示为一般过去时,故选B。答案:B第六页,本课件共有56页(湖南示范性中学联考)After being disco
4、vered by Dutch explorers in 1606,the eastern half of Australia _ by the British in 1770.Awas claimed Bclaimed Cwas claiming Dhas been claimed解析:由句意:自1606年被荷兰探险者发现之后,澳大利亚东半部分在1770年宣布为英国所有,知答案选A。答案:A第七页,本课件共有56页3一般将来时:The matter will be looked into tomorrow.这样考过(皖西四校)_ is known to us is that the 2012
5、Olympic Games _ in London.AWhat;will be heldBIt;will hold CAs;is held DWhich;holds第八页,本课件共有56页解析:由句意知空中应填一个引导主语从句的连接词,并作句子的主语;由句中的时间2012年知表将来,且Olympic Games与hold之间为被动关系。综上选A。答案:A第九页,本课件共有56页(北京海淀区)If your order is ready,the Tshirt _ to you as soon as possible.Ahas delivered Bis deliveredCwill delive
6、r Dwill be delivered解析:主语是Tshirt 谓语动词,deliver 应用被动,表示Tshirt被送,排除A、C两项。根据语境,如果你定了货,Tshirt 将会随时被送货。故选D项。答案:D第十页,本课件共有56页(北京宣武区)A meeting _ at 3 pm.next Tuesday.Will you go there?Ahas held Bhas been heldCwill be held Dwill hold 解析:根据时间状语next Tuesday 判断用将来式。主语是meeting 被举行因此选C项。will be held 为将来时的被动式。答案:C
7、第十一页,本课件共有56页4现在进行时:The house is being built.这样考过(四川)Why dont we choose that road to save time?The bridge to it _.Ahas repaired Bis repairedCis being repaired Dwill be repaired第十二页,本课件共有56页解析:句意:为什么我们不选择走那条路以节省时间呢?因为去那条路的桥正在修理中。题目考查了现在进行时的被动语态作谓语。桥与修理存在被动关系,而且根据句子语境要求采用进行时态。答案:C第十三页,本课件共有56页(湖南)Woul
8、d you please keep silent?The weather report _ and I want to listen.Ais broadcast Bis being broadcastChas been broadcast Dhad been broadcast 解析:句意:请安静一下好吗?正广播天气预报呢,我想听听。根据句意,该空考查的是现在进行时的被动语态。答案:B第十四页,本课件共有56页(江苏)Hi,Torry,can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?Sorry._.AIts repaired BIt has
9、 been repairedCIts being repaired DIt had been repaired解析:句意:嗨,Torry,今天下午我能用一会儿你的电脑吗?真抱歉,电脑正在修理。该句强调的是此时电脑正被维修,需用现在进行时的被动语态。答案:C第十五页,本课件共有56页5过去进行时:When I called,tea was being served.这样考过(上海)During the period of recent terrorist activities,people _ not to touch any unattended bag.Ahad always been wa
10、rnedBwere always being warnedCare always warning Dalways warned第十六页,本课件共有56页解析:句意:在最近恐怖活动期间,人们总是在被警告不要碰任何无人照看的包。be always doing sth.总是做某事,表达某种抱怨、不满或赞许的情绪。人们是“被警告”,要用被动语态。答案:B第十七页,本课件共有56页6现在完成时:My bike has been repaired.这样考过(全国)His sister left home in 1998,and _ since.Ahad not been heard ofBhas not
11、been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of 第十八页,本课件共有56页解析:句意:他妹妹在1998年离开家,从那以后就没了音讯。根据句意,指的是过去离开以后,到现在一直没音讯,故用现在完成时;hear of 与his sister 在本句中为被动关系,故用被动语态,所以选B。答案:B第十九页,本课件共有56页7过去完成时:When we went to the cinema,the film had been on for ten minutes.这样考过(北京崇文区)It was proven that the story of one
12、 witness _.Ahas been invented Bhad been inventedCwould be invented Dwas invented解析:此题考查时态,据证实(It was proven that.)用过去的时态,故后面用过去完成式(已经被编造出来)。答案:B第二十页,本课件共有56页(皖南八校联考)This Monday morning I was informed I _ as one of three exchange students from our college.Ahad been choosing Bwas chosenChad been chose
13、n Dwas choosing解析:过去的过去应用过去完成时的被动语态。答案:C第二十一页,本课件共有56页8过去将来时:He said that the teaching building would be built next month.这样考过(2006湖南)In a room above the store,where a party_,some workers were busily setting the table.Awas to be held Bhas been heldCwill be held Dis being held第二十二页,本课件共有56页解析:由some w
14、orkers were busily setting the table,可知会议要被召开,同时时态为过去时,故选A。答案:A第二十三页,本课件共有56页9将来完成时:They will have finished the work ahead of time when we decide to see them.这样考过(青岛质检)Have you finished your essay?Half _ when you come back.Ahas been done Bis doneCbe done Dwill have been done第二十四页,本课件共有56页解析:考查动词时态和语
15、态辨析。when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,所以主句表示将来的动作,且表示“等你回来的时候一半的工作将已经完成”。答案:D第二十五页,本课件共有56页10含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词be动词的过去分词These books must be returned in three days.注:被动语态还有一种“get过去分词”的结构,这种结构比较口语化。例如:Teacher Wang got married last year.第二十六页,本课件共有56页这样考过(北京宣武区)At minus 130,a living cell can _ for a thousand y
16、ears.Apreserve Bbe preservedCbe preserving Dhave been preserved解析:考查情态动词用法。can 后面接动词原形,同时应注意被动语态。句意为:在零下130时,活细胞可以存活一千年。答案:B第二十七页,本课件共有56页二、主动形式表示被动意义的情况用法例句这几类动词作谓语时表示烹调、饮食方面的动词。如:cook,eat,drink,taste等。The soup tastes delicious.汤很好喝。表示运动变化的某些动词。如:drive,change,move等。In America,cars drive on the righ
17、thand side of the road.在美国,车辆靠右行驶。表示主语状态、特征的连系动词。如:look,feel,smell,sound等。The desk feels smooth.这张桌子摸起来很光滑。第二十八页,本课件共有56页用法例句用来作定语,和被修饰的名词有动宾关系,又和另一名词或代词有主谓关系的动词不定式。Please lend me a pen to write with.请借给我一支钢笔写字。在“beadj.不定式”结构中,不定式表示的动作与主语之间存在动宾关系,不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。The chair is very comfortable to sit
18、on.这把椅子坐着很舒适。在“疑问词不定式”结构中,不定式动作与疑问词之间存在动宾关系,可用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。Who do you think can tell us what to do?你认为谁可以告诉我们做什么?第二十九页,本课件共有56页用法例句在there be结构中,主语后的不定式可用主动形式表示被动意义,也可用其被动形式。但跟逻辑主语时必须用主动形式。There is nothing to fear/to be feared.没有什么可害怕的。Theres nothing for me to do today.今天我无事可做。在beadj./adv.enough不定式
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