亨格瑞管理会计英文第15版练习答案解析.docx
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1、WORD 完美格式CHAPTER 4COVERAGE OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES技术资料专业整理LEARNING OBJECTIVELO1: Describe the purposes of cost management systems.CRITICALFUNDA-THINKINGMENTALEXERCISES ASSIGN-MENT ANDMATERIALEXERCISESPROBLEMS31, 3450CASES, EXCEL, COLLAB. & INTERNET EXERCISESLO2: Explain the relationship between cost,
2、 cost object, cost accumulation, and cost assignment.4556LO3: Distinguish between A1,B136,37,38, 45,4956directand indirect39,44costs.LO4: Explain the major reasons for allocating costs.B233,414654LO5: Identify the main36,37,38,types of manufacturing costs: direct materials, direct labor, and indirec
3、t productioncosts.39LO6: Explain how theA257,60, 61financial statements of merchandisers and manufacturers differ because of the types of goods they sell.LO7: Understand the main A3, A4,33, 40, 41, 48, 49, 50 55, 56,differences betweenB3, B4 traditional and activity- based costing systems andwhy ABC
4、 systems provide value to managers.LO8: Use activity-basedA4, B4 cost information to make strategic and operational control decisions.4257, 58,59, 60, 6132, 37, 4348, 49, 50 55, 56, 60CHAPTER 4Cost Management Systems and Activity-Based Costing4-A1(20-30 min.)See Table 4-A1 on the following page.4-A2
5、(25-30 min.)1.Merchandise Inventories, 1,000 devices $97$97,0002.Direct materials inventory$40,000Work-in-process inventory0Finished goods inventory97,000Total inventories$137,0003.NILE ELECTRONICS PRODUCTSStatement of Operating Income For the Year Ended December 31, 20X9Sales (9,000 units at $170)$
6、1,530,000 Cost of goods sold:Beginning inventory$0Purchases970,000Cost of goods available for sale$ 970,000 Less ending inventory97,000Cost of goods sold (an expense)873,000Gross margin or gross profit$657,000Less other expenses: selling & administrative Operating income (also income before taxesin
7、this example)costs185,000$472,000WORD 完美格式TABLE 4-A1STATEMENT OF OPERATING INCOMEOPERATING INCOME BY PRODUCT LINECost ofDirectgoods sold:material40,0005,00015,00020,000Direct, DireIndirectmanufacturing41,00028,00015,0008,000Indirect, AHours81,00033,00020,00028,000Gross profitSelling and administrati
8、ve Commissionsexpenses:74,00015,000(3,000)1,50025,0003,50052,00010,000Direct, DireDistribution to warehouses10,4001,00023,0006,400Indirect,Total selling and admin. expenses25,4002,5006,50016,400Contribution to corporate expenses and profitUnallocated expenses:Administrative salaries48,6008,000$(5,50
9、0)$18,500$35,600Other administrative expenses4,000Total unallocated expenses12,000Operating income before tax$36,600EXTERNAL REPORTING PURPOSEINTERNAL STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING PURPSales$155,000CustomLargeSmallDetailedStd.Std. Cost Type, As$30,000$45,000$80,0001 Total machine hours is 1,400 + 250 +
10、400 = 2,050. Indirect manufacturing cost per machin$41,000 2,050 = $20. The allocation to custom detailed is $20 1,400 machine hours =2 Total weight shipped is 25,000 kg + 75,000 kg + 160,000 kg = 260,000 kg. Indirect distrikilogram is then $10,400 260,000 kg = $0.04. The allocation to custom detail
11、ed is $0.04$1,000.技术资料专业整理WORD 完美格式4. ORINOCO, INC.Statement of Operating Income For the Year Ended December 31, 20X9Sales (9,000 units at $170)$1,530,000Cost of goods manufactured and sold:Beginning finished goods inventory$ 0Cost of goods manufactured:Beginning WIP inventory$ 0Direct materials use
12、d530,000Direct labor290,000Indirect manufacturing150,000Total mfg. costs to account for $970,000Less ending work-in-process inventory0970,000Cost of goods available for sale$970,000Less ending finished goods inventory97,000Cost of goods sold (an expense)873,000Gross margin or gross profit$657,000Les
13、s other expenses: selling and administrativecosts185,000Operating income (also income before taxesin this example)$472,0005. The balance sheet for the merchandiser (Nile) has just one line for inventories, the ending inventory of the items purchased for resale. The balance sheet for the manufacturer
14、 (Orinoco) has three items: direct materials inventory, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods inventory.The income statements are similar except for the computation of cost of goods available for sale.The merchandiser (Nile) simply shows purchases for the year plus beginning inventory.In con
15、trast, the manufacturer (Orinoco) shows beginning work-in-process inventory plus the three categories of cost that comprise manufacturing cost (direct materials used, direct labor, and factory (or manufacturing) overhead) and then deducts the ending work-in-process inventory.The manufacturer then ad
16、ds the beginning finished goods inventory to this cost of goods manufactured to get the cost of goods available for sale.技术资料专业整理6. The purpose is providing aggregate measures of inventory value and cost of goods manufactured for external reporting to investors, creditors, and other external stakeho
17、lders.4-A3(10-15 min.)There can be many justifiable answers for each item other than the listed cost driver and behavior. The purpose of this exercise is to generate an active discussion regarding those chosen by First Banks managers. One point that should be emphasized is that many times managers c
18、hoose cost drivers that are not the most plausible or reliable because of lack of data availability. Cost drivers are also used as a basis to allocate activity and resource costs and so the availability of data is often an important consideration.Activity Or Resourcea. *Rb. *RCost Driver Number of s
19、quare feet Number of person hoursCost BehaviorF Fc.RNumberofcomputer transactionsVd.ANumberofschedulese.RNumberofperson hoursFf.RNumberofloan inquiriesVg.*ANumberofinvestmentsh.ANumberofapplicationsi.RNumberofperson hoursVj.RNumberofminutesVk.RNumberofperson hoursFl.ANumberofloans*An argument can be
20、 made that maintenance of the building is an activity. If this was the case, resources such as supplies and labor would be resources consumed, and several resource cost drivers would be needed.In addition, a separate resource and associated cost driver would be needed for insurance costs.However, th
21、e company had a contract for maintenance (fixed price), sothis was a fixed-cost resource that was added to other occupancy costs such as insurance.The cost driver chosen for all these occupancy costs was square feet occupied by the various departments.*Normally, the cost driver used for any labor re
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