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1、翻译词汇分类 名胜古迹:长城 the Great Wall of China 烽火台 beacon tower 秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes 华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山Wutai Mountain 九华山 Jiuhua Mountain 蛾眉山 Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai 黄山 Mount H
2、uangshan;the Yellow Mountain 故宫 the Imperial Palace 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridian Gate 大运河 Grand Canal 护城河 the Moat 回音壁 Echo Wall 居庸关 Juyongguan Pass 九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall 黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 西湖 West Lake 九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun
3、Moon Lake 布达拉宫 Potala Palace 鼓楼 drum tower 四合院 quadrangle;courtyard complex 孔庙 Confucius Temple 乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha 十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛 Lama 食品菜系 山东菜 Shandong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 粤菜 Canton cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine 月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake 油条 deep-fried dough
4、 sticks 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 拉面 hand-stretched noodles 馄饨 wonton(dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls 皮蛋 100-year egg;century egg 蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks
5、火锅 hot pot 节日:春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 the Lantern Festival 清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets 庙会 temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年画(traditional)New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 舞龙
6、 dragon dance 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 胡同 hutong 古代文献:文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study(brush,ink stick,paper,and ink stone)大学The Great Learning 中庸The Doctrine of the Mean 论语The Analects of Confu
7、cius 孟子The Mencius 孙子兵法The Art of War 三国演义Three Kingdoms 西游爷己Journey to the West 红楼梦Dream of the Red Mansions 水浒传Heroes of the Marshes 山海经The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 资治通鉴History as a Mirror 春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals 史记Historical Records 诗经The Book of Songs 易经The I Ching;The Book of Chan
8、ges 礼记The Book of Rites 三字经Three-character Scriptures 儒道老庄:儒家思想 Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture 道教 Taoism 墨家 Mohism 法家 Legalism 佛教 Buddhism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu 孙子 Sun Tzu 象形文字 pictographic characters 古代发明:火药 gunpowder 印刷术 printing 造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the c
9、ompass 青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain;china 唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝 cloisonne 秋千 swing 武术 martial arts 中国特色:京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫 Kungfo 太极 Tai Chi 口 技 ventriloquism 木偶戏 puppet show 皮影戏 shadowplay 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics 相声 witty dialogue comedy 刺绣 emb
10、roidery 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 中国结 Chinese knot 中国社会:多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus 相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimoni
11、al age 独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服务 household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity 农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social insurance 暂住证 temporary residence
12、 permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling 性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义 hedonism 文盲 illiteracy 贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 盗版 pirated/illegal copies 一国两制 One Country,Two Systems 三个代表 the Three
13、Represents Theory 两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation 南北对话 North-South Dialog 人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee 法制观念 awareness of law 法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system 改革开放 reform and opening-up 公务员 civil servants 官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of wo
14、rk 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning 计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 4 青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee 科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficien
15、cy 两岸关系 cross-straits relations 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领 土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system 求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表 NPC member 物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization 小康社会 a well-off society 小康水平 a well-off standa
16、rd 一个中国原则 the one-China principle 与时俱进 keep pace with the times 综合国力 overall national strength 共同愿望 common desire “走出去”(战略)going global 不结盟 non-alignment 单边主义 unilateralism 多边政策 multilateralism 多极世界 multipolar world 人 口 老龄化 aging of population 人口出生率 birth rate 社区月服务 community service 道德法庭 court of e
17、thics 盗用公款 embezzlement 教育:成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分酉己 graduate placement;assignment of graduate 充电 update one s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211
18、 工程”the“211 Project”for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of(liberal)arts 理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering 师范学院 teachers college;normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college)entrance examin
19、ation 高校扩招 the college expansion plan 教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized c
20、ourses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching program;syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate(BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率
21、proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade;enrollment rate 文化:京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫 Kungfo 太极 Tai Chi 口 技 ventriloquism 木偶戏 puppet show 皮影戏 shadowplay 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics 相声 witty dialogue comedy 刺绣 embroidery 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy
22、 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 中国结 Chinese knot 中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术 printing 造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass 青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain;china 唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝 cloisonne 秋千 swing 武术 m
23、artial arts 旗袍 cheongsam 中山装 Chinese tunic suit 唐装 Tang suit 风水 Fengshui;geomantic omen 阳历 Solar calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 闰年 leap year 十二生肖 zodiac 春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 the Lantern Festival 清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day
24、七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets 庙会 temple fair 爆竹 firecracker 年画(traditional)New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money 舞龙 dragon dance 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 经济:总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 a
25、ggregate supply 企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corporate image(Cl);enterprise image 跨国公司 cross-national corporation 创业精神 enterprising spirit;pioneering spirit 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司 head-hunter 假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本 human capital 航空和航天工业 aerospace industry 飞机制造工业 aircra
26、ft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry 制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化
27、market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 经济全球化 economic globalization 经济特区 special economic zones(SEZ)经济增长 economic growth 泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税 tariff 纳税人 tax payer 宏观经济 macro economy 货币投放量 the size of money supply 流动性过剩 excess liquidity 经济过热 overheated economy 小康水平 a well-off standard
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