网络设备循环应用的4大挑战及GSMA的战略建议.docx
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1、Strategy Paper for Circular EconomyNetwork equipmentCopyright 2022 GSM AssociationStrategy Paper for Circular EconomyIntroduction102050the target for zero carbon emissionsPhoto sharing, video calling, online gaming and live streaming are just a few of the connected behaviours that have become ubiqui
2、tous over the last decade. Behind such actions, there is a hidden matrix of billions of pieces of equipment: servers, cables, antennas, boxes, data centres, smartphones, personal computers, captors, sensors and cameras. This is becoming the largest infrastructure ever built by humanity, with the ass
3、ociated environmental impacts.The mobile industry made a significant first step in addressing these environmental impacts in 2019 when the Board of the GSMA, representing the largest mobile companies globally, agreed on an ambition to move the mobile industry to net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 at
4、the latest. Since then, the majority of the industry by revenue has committed to carbon reduction targets in line with this commitment.As most emissions of the mobile industry lie upstream in its supply chain, it is important to address the issue of resource re-use with suppliers of network equipmen
5、t. The majority of emissions throughout the whole mobile sector value chain are from energy use and associated carbon emissions.Mobile network operators and suppliers are making significant investments in renewable electricity to reduce these impacts, but carbon emissions are not the only important
6、metric and, as an industry, we must consider raw material extraction and other environmental pollutants that are generated.estimated kilotonnes of network equipment are sold each yearThere are clear benefits to bringing more people online and there are active efforts in almost every country to close
7、 the digital divide5. Connectivity improves the livelihoods of billions of people, but it will also require more resources to be used for the infrastructure to enable this. It is estimated that at least 800 kilotonnes of network equipment are sold each year s:/easychair.org/publications/paper/XvgV i
8、ncluding mobile base stations, fixed access equipment and IP data transmission and core network equipment.The focus of this strategy paper is on this network equipment that is specific to telecommunications and forms the infrastructure that creates connectivity. For details of the equipment, please
9、see the Scope section. More sustainable network equipment will mean moving towards a more circular economy business model, which is defined in the next section.This is not to suggest that network equipment is the only resource use by the industry. Our industry uses many different materials and produ
10、cts, the most visible and common of which are mobile devices. Improving the circularity of mobile devices will be considered as part of a separate strategy paper to be published later.A new path to better serve customers, generate profit and provide long-term sustainability with low impacts on the p
11、lanet must be defined: this strategy paper proposes using circular economy principles as the framework.What is a circular economy?Currently, the global economy, including the ICT sector, is only 8.6% circular3 - this means less than 10% of the material used in a year is recycled or reused in some wa
12、y. In contrast, 91.4% of economic activity follows a linear approach to products: raw materials are extracted, products manufactured, customers use the products and then they are discarded with limited reuse and recycling. As discussed in the introduction, this is creating a significant strain on th
13、e planet as humanitys demand for goods increases and the planets ability to provide us with raw materials decreases.In response to this existential threat, the concept of a circular economy is a transformative model to reutilise products, parts, components and materials in successive production cycl
14、es to reduce waste and pollution. It seeks to change the way humanity looks at the goods we use so that nothing becomes waste; everything is seen to retain some value. The inspiration for the concept of the circular economy is from the natural world where living things are created, grow, decline and
15、 die, and then their remains are used as food for other organisms.Figure 1Linear economyTAKEMAKEDISPOSECircular economyLinear and circular economies13Nolon:FTTC/FTTNVDSL2Figure 3 RAN equipment: RRU/BBU; 2G BTS; 3G node B/RNC; 4G eNodeB; 5G antenna; Massive MIMOFAN equipment: Active equipment (DSLAM,
16、 OLT and CTMS), UXN termination (OLT); DSLAM; CTMSTransmission equipment: PDH/SDH; xWDM; MicrowaveIP core network: Switches, routers, firewallsIT equipment: Data centres (including Edge Computing required for 5G and OTT services) with X86 servers, storage HDD/SSD, value added service platformCore eq
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