整车NVH控制技术.pptx
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1、11.1.汽车汽车NVHNVH问题问题 NVH NVH ProblemsProblems2.2.汽车汽车NVHNVH控制方法控制方法 NVH Control MethodsNVH Control Methods3.3.汽车汽车NVHNVH技术的发展技术的发展Development of NVH TechnologyDevelopment of NVH Technology4.4.中国汽车中国汽车NVHNVH状态状态Status Status of China Automotive NVHof China Automotive NVH第1页/共41页2NVH的重要性 Importance of
2、NVHImportance of NVHpNVH对顾客非常重要NVH is very important to customersnNVH的好坏是顾客购买汽车的一个非常重要的因素.pNVH影响顾客的满意度NVH influences customers satisfactionn在所有顾客不满意的问题中,约有1/3是与NVH有关.pNVH影响到售后服务NVH influences after-sale servicesn约1/5的售后服务与NVH有关第2页/共41页3动态性能动态性能动态性能动态性能AttributesAttributesq噪声与振动(NVH)q碰撞安全性能Safetyq行驶操
3、纵性能Dynamicsq燃油经济性能Performance/Fuel Economyq环境温度性能Climate Controlq乘坐的舒适性能Ride Comfortq排放性能Emissionq刹车性能Breakingq防盗安全性能Securityq电子系统性能Electricityq可靠性能Durabilityq。在所有动态性能领域(NVH,安全碰撞、操控、燃油经济性、等)中,NVH是涉及面最广的领域。NVHNVH涉及面非常广涉及面非常广NVH Involves Almost All Systems NVH Involves Almost All Systems of a Vehicleo
4、f a Vehiclep车身Bodyp发动机、变速器及动力系统Powertrianp底盘及悬架Suspensionp环境控制系统Climate Controlp电子系统Electricity p第3页/共41页4q目标设定与分解目标设定与分解q噪声振动源的控制噪声振动源的控制q噪声振动传递通道的控制噪声振动传递通道的控制qNVH的评价的评价qNVH的试验与分析手段的试验与分析手段qTarget Setting and cascading qSource ControlqPath ControlqNVH EvaluationqNVH Test and Analysis1.1.汽车汽车NVHNVH
5、问题问题 NVH NVH ProblemsProblems2.2.汽车汽车NVHNVH控制方法控制方法 NVH Control MethodsNVH Control Methods3.3.汽车汽车NVHNVH技术的发展技术的发展Development of NVH TechnologyDevelopment of NVH Technology4.4.中国汽车中国汽车NVHNVH状态状态Status Status of China Automotive NVHof China Automotive NVH第4页/共41页5整车系统子系统零部件战略决策开发开始项目确认试生产出厂目标分解性能验证NV
6、H开发是一个目标制定-分解-验证的过程NVH development is a process of“Target Setting Cascading Verification”qBenchmarking CompetitionqVehicle and system level databaseqQuick contribution analysis Competitive vehiclesq目标设定Set TargetsqFuture with respect to competitive actionsqBalance with respect to other attributes,co
7、st,weightq目标分解Cascade Requirement to Subsystemsq设计论证Design Verification目标制定目标制定-分解分解-验证验证 Target Setting Cascading-VerificationTarget Setting Cascading-Verification第5页/共41页6决定NVH的因素 How to Determine NVHHow to Determine NVH顾客的要求顾客的要求Customers WantCustomers Want政府法规政府法规Government RegulationGovernment
8、Regulation公司的需要和技术公司的需要和技术能力能力Corporate Wants Corporate Wants and Technology Availableand Technology Available竞争车竞争车Benchmark Benchmark VehiclesVehicles第6页/共41页7leaderAmong the leaderCompetitor车1,2,3是市场上最好的三款车Car1,car2 and car3 are the best cars in the markets这三款车作为benchmark的汽车The 3 cars are used fo
9、r benchmark vehicles根据benchmark的结果,设定目标Based on the benchmark test results,new target will be set up目标的分类目标的分类Target Classification:领导者Leadership:above Best-In-Class领导群体之中Among the Leaders(Best-in-Class)竞争者Competitor目标设定Target SettingTarget Setting目标的级别目标的级别目标的级别目标的级别Target LevelsTarget Levelsq整车(顾客
10、)级目标,例如车内噪声 Vehicle level(Customer level),such as interior soundq系统级目标,如动力系统的噪声 System level,such as powertrain noiseq子系统级目标,如排气口的噪声 Subsystem level,such as exhaust tailpipe noiseq部件级目标,如消声器的传递损失 Component level,such as Muffler TL第7页/共41页8整车级目标Vehicle Level Target系统级目标System Level Target子系统级目标Subsys
11、tem Level Target部件级目标Component Level Target目标分解目标分解Target CascadingTarget Cascading目标分解是从上至下 Target setting is from upper level to lower level目标设定也是双向的 Target setting is a two-way processing目标分解也是双向的 Target cascading is a two-way processing开发一款车,需要设置几百个NVH目标第8页/共41页9怠速频率模态分离策略Modal SeparationModal S
12、eparation StrategyStrategyp在产品开发的初期,对所有系统和部件建立模态频率表 Set up modal frequency chart for all systems and components at the beginning of production development p为设计和目标制定提供模态分析的策略 Provide a standard modal analysis strategy for vehicle program design and target setting第9页/共41页10多通道分析Multi-Path AnalysisMult
13、i-Path Analysis源-通道-接受体 Source Path ResponseSource Path Response 源源Sources Sources 动力系统Powertrain风Wind路面Road其他Other 通道通道PathsPaths(Structure-borne and airborne)底盘Chassis车身Body 内饰Interior其他Other 接受体接受体ReceptionReception耳朵Drivers and passengers ears手Drivers and passengers hands(steering wheel)脚Drivers
14、 and passengers feet(pedal,toe board)座椅Drivers and passengers but(seats)第10页/共41页11发动机噪声振动源Engine Noise and Vibration SourcesEngine Noise and Vibration Sourcesq燃烧噪声Combustion Noiseq机械振动与噪声Mechanical Vibration&Noiseq流动噪声Flow Noise变速器噪声振动源Transmission Noise SourcesTransmission Noise Sourcesq变速器啸叫Trans
15、mission Whineq变速器敲击Transmission Rattle源源第11页/共41页12进气系统和排气系统的进气系统和排气系统的NVH NVH Intake and Exhaust NVHIntake and Exhaust NVH排气系统Exhaust system进气系统Induction systemTailpipeOrifice进气系统的噪声源进气系统的噪声源进气系统的噪声源进气系统的噪声源q进气口噪声Intake orifice noise q壳体的辐射噪声Shell radiation noise排气系统的噪声振动源排气系统的噪声振动源排气系统的噪声振动源排气系统的噪
16、声振动源q挂钩传递到车体的力Hanger force transferred to bodyq排气尾管噪声Tailpipe noiseq壳体辐射噪声Shell radiation noise源源第12页/共41页13传递轴系的NVH Driveline NVHDriveline NVH变速箱分动器 后传递轴后驱动桥后半轴前传递轴前驱动桥前半轴支撑轴承万向节Balance Planep第一阶传递轴激励First order driveline excitation(dynamic imbalance)p传递齿轮啸叫Transmission gear whine(Gear dynamic mesh
17、ing force)p2阶激励2nd order excitation by Cardon Joint源源第13页/共41页14路面-悬挂-底盘的NVH Road/Suspension/Chassis NVHRoad/Suspension/Chassis NVH激励源激励源Excitation Sourcesq路面表面的形状Road surface profileq轮胎的刚度和压力Tire stiffness&pressureq轮胎块的长度和形状Tire patch length and shapeq轮胎的宽度和尺寸Tire width&sizeq汽车的速度Vehicle speed源源第14
18、页/共41页15风激励噪声风激励噪声Wind NoiseWind Noise风激励噪声Wind noise:由于气流绕着汽车运动而产生的噪声the noise caused by air movement around the vehicle激励源Excitation:q空气动力湍流Aerodynamic turbulenceq其他:天线的涡流,挡风玻璃的湍流产Other:antenna vortex,windshield turbulence qCavity resonance 90 km/h源源第15页/共41页16结构通道控制:车身控制 Structural Path Control:B
19、ody ControlStructural Path Control:Body Controlq车身的结构模态应该与其他相邻结构模态分开 Body Modes should be separated from other systemsq车身结构模态应该与车身声腔模态分开 Body structural modes should be separated with body cavity modesq白车身和装饰车身模态的刚度要足够大,以避免产生奇异噪声 White body and trimmed body modes should stiff enough to avoid causing
20、 squeak and rattleq局部模态应该足够高,以避免引起NVH问题,如轰鸣声,等.Local modes should be stiffness enough to avoid NVH problems,such boom,resonance,etc.q车身要实现风噪最小设计Body design should let wind noise minimized 通道通道第16页/共41页17结构通道控制结构通道控制:底盘底盘/悬挂的控制悬挂的控制 Chassis/Suspension NVHChassis/Suspension NVH轮胎的控制轮胎的控制:tire control声
21、腔模态 acoustic cavity 结构模态 structural mode轮胎的平衡 type balance悬架系统的控制悬架系统的控制 Suspension controln悬架的模态频率 suspension moden悬架的刚度与阻尼 stiffness and dampingn悬架跳动的频率 hop frequencyn悬架部件的频率 parts frequency隔振垫隔振垫 Isolator隔振垫的控制 isolator control隔振垫的刚度 isolator stiffness隔振垫的刚度与车架刚度的比值 isolator stiffness and frame s
22、tiffness通道通道第17页/共41页18振动通道的控制Vibration Path ControlVibration Path Control振动通道控制的方法有振动通道控制的方法有:Vibration path is controlled by:Vibration path is controlled by:q隔振器 Vibration isolators q吸振器 Vibration absorption,e.g.,dampersq阻尼材料Damping materials q提高结构和支架的刚度,阻止振动的传递High structure and bracket stiffness
23、q车身连接点灵敏度的控制Body connected point sensitivity control通道通道第18页/共41页19声学通道控制:声学包装 Acoustic Path Control:Sound PackageAcoustic Path Control:Sound Package噪声通道是由声学包装来完成的噪声通道是由声学包装来完成的Noise path is controlled by sound Noise path is controlled by sound package,including:package,including:q车身的密封Sealing of ve
24、hicle body q孔洞的控制Control of open holes and openingsq隔声材料的应用Sound isolation materialq吸声材料的应用Sound absorption material通道通道第19页/共41页20汽车NVH的两方面的评估 Two Evaluations of Vehicle NVHTwo Evaluations of Vehicle NVHp车外通过噪声的评估车外通过噪声的评估 Pass-by Noise Evaluation p车内车内NVH的评估的评估 Interior NVH Evaluation车内车内NVHNVH评估的
25、两个方面评估的两个方面 Interior NVHInterior NVH EvaluationEvaluationn n主观驾评主观驾评 Subjective driving evaluationSubjective driving evaluationn n客观测试评估客观测试评估 Objective testing evaluationObjective testing evaluation主观驾评打分主观驾评打分 Subjective Evaluation RatingSubjective Evaluation Rating评估评估第20页/共41页21客观评估 Objective Ev
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