2016年6月英语四级阅读真题答案 第1套.pdf
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1、2016 年 6 月英语四级阅读真题答案 第 1 套 选词填空选词填空选词填空Physical activity does the body good,and theres growing evidence that it helps the brain too.Researchers in theNetherlands report that children who get more exercise,whether at school or on their own,_26_ to have higher GPAs andbetter scores on standardized tes
2、ts.In a _27_ of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic _28_,investigators found that the more children moved,the better their grades were in school,_29_ in the basic subjects of math,English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education
3、 classes should be cut as schools struggleto _30_ on smaller budgets.The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be takingaway from study time.With standardized test scores in the U.S._31_ in recent years,some administrators believe studentsneed to spend more ti
4、me in the classroom instead of on the playground.But as these findings show,exercise and academicsmay not be _32_ exclusive.Physical activity can improve blood _33_ to the brain,fueling memory,attention and creativity,which are _34_ to learning.And exercise releases hormones that can improve _35_ an
5、d relieve stress,which can alsohelp learning.So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when theyre running around,they may actuallybe exercising their brains as well.A)attendanceB)consequentlyC)currentD)depressingE)droppingF)essentialG)feasibleH)flowI)moodJ)mutuallyK)particula
6、rlyL)performanceM)reviewN)surviveO)tend段落匹配段落匹配Finding the Right Homeand Contentment,TooA When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort oflong-term care facilitya moment few parents or childrenapproach without fearwhat you would like is to have everything made clear.B Does assisted living real
7、ly mark a great improvement over a nursing home,or has the industry simply hired betterinterior designers?Are nursing homes as bad as people fear,or is that an out-moded stereotype(固定看法)?Can doing oneshomework really steer families to the best places?It is genuinely hard to know.C I am about to make
8、 things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in maymatter less than we have assumed.And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are notnecessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in.I
9、 am not talking about the quality ofcare,let me hastily add.Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record.But anaccumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little realbearing on how well
10、residents do.DThe most recent of these studies,published in The journal of Applied Gerontology,surveyed 150 Connecticut residentsof assisted living,nursing homes and smaller residential care homes(known in some states as board and care homes or adultcare homes).Researchers from the University of Con
11、necticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questionsabout their quality of life,emotional well-being and social interaction,as well as about the quality of the facilities.E We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,said the lead author of the study,Julie Robiso
12、n,anassociate professor of medicine at the university.A reasonable assumptiondont families struggle to avoid nursing homesand suffer real guilt if they cant?F In the initial results,assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture.They were less likely to reportsymptoms of depression th
13、an those in the other facilities,for instance,and less likely to be bored or lonely.They scored higheron social interaction.G But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables,such differences disappeared.It is not the housingtype,they found,that creates differences in residents respon
14、ses.It is the characteristics of the specific environment they arein,combined with their own personal characteristicshow healthy they feel they are,their age and marital status,Dr.Robisonexplained.Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved s
15、ignificant.H An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health,therefore,might be no less depressed in assisted living(even if her children preferred it)than in a nursing home.A person who bad input into where he would move and has hadtime to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as
16、 in a small residential care home,other factors being equal.It is aninteraction between the person and the place,not the sort of place in itself,that leads to better or worse experiences.Youcant just say,Lets put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing homeshe will be much better
17、 off,Dr.1 1/4 4Robison said.What matters,she added,is a combination of what people bring in with them,and what they find there.I Such findings,which run counter to common sense,have surfaced before.In a multi-state study of assisted living,forinstance,University of North Carolina researchers found t
18、hat a host of variablesthe facilitys type,size or age;whether achain owned it;how attractive the neighborhood washad no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms ofillness,mental decline,hospitalizations or mortality.What mattered most was the residents physical health and mental
19、status.What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.J As I was considering all this,a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk,announcing that thefive-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families com
20、pare nursing home quality also has littlerelationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.As a matter of fact,consumers expressed highersatisfaction with the one-star facilities,the lowest rated,than with the five-star ones.(More on this study and the star ratingswill appear i
21、n a subsequent post.)K Before we collectively tear our hair outhow are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?here isa thought from Dr.Philip Sloane,a geriatrician(老年病学专家)at the University of North Carolina:In a way,that could beliberating for families.L Of course,sons and daughte
22、rs want to visit the facilities,talk to the administrators and residents and other families,and do everything possible to fulfill their duties.But perhaps they dont have to turn themselves into private investigators orCongressional subcommittees.Families can look a bit more for where the residents a
23、re going to be happy,Dr.Sloane said.And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.M We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness.They have their ideas,too.A friendrecently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my to
24、wn.I have seen this placeit is elegant,inside and out.But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived,though the visit had been planned;nobodyintroduced them to the other residents.When they had lunch in the dining room,they sat alone at a table.N The daughter feared her mother would be
25、 ignored there,and so she decided to move her into a more welcomingfacility.Based on what is emerging from some of this research,that might have been as rational a way as any to reach adecision.36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37.Th
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