英语口语障及其对策-dents’-psychological-barriers-in-spoken-english-and-their-countermeasures.doc
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1、9College Students Psychological Barriers in Spoken English and Their CountermeasuresIntroduction With the continuous development of social and economic activities around the world, no matter in terms of individuals or even of nations, oral English ability plays a more and more important role. Since
2、the policy of reform and open, it gradually becomes quite frequent for our nation to attend various activities within the scope of the whole world, so the corresponding requirement of oral English is improving at the same time. But in our country, under the influence of exam-oriented education syste
3、m as well as some other factors, we attach more importance to reading and writing, however listening and speaking trainings are not be emphasized appropriately, which leads to the phenomenon of “dumb English”. After the study of the situation, we can conclude that the appearance of “dumb English” is
4、 not an accident, it is caused by many factors, among these factors, psychological condition is the main element. In order to improve the situation and help student to overcome the obstacles that they may encounter in their process of oral English learning, this paper analyzes the relevant types and
5、 causes of psychological barriers and then puts forward several primary countermeasures.I. To three factors affecting college students oral English There are a lot of factors that tend to cause college students psychological barriers in spoken English. Among these reasons, the article attaches speci
6、al attention to the problem that because of the fact that psychological barrier is the main major to restrict the development of students oral English, psychological disorders affect college students oral English progress in every aspect . A. Self-confidence After doing a large number of studies, Kr
7、-ashen concluded that learners personality factors can be related to foreign language learning effect. Self-confidence is one of the most important one among these personality factors. Self-confidence reveals our positive view and education about own ability and knowledge level. A person who has str
8、ong self-confidence dares to speak English out and seldom be afraid of making mistakes. Being given to more chances to practice oral English, their performances are quite obvious. However, people lack of confidence dare not to speak English and is afraid of errors or mistakes. The fact that they hol
9、d negative attitude toward their own capacity will allowed them less opportunity to practice English activity so that their English can not make an improvement accordingly. Gradually, they may produce resistance of practicing spoken English. B. MotivationIn the process of learning a foreign language
10、, strong learning motivation will bring very satisfying results to us that out of our expectation. Driven by the strong learning motivation, students are more likely to put into oral English study and their attention is more intensive and concentrated. Thus, they will be active and initiative to lea
11、rn better method to practice their oral English, which can lead a good learning result. However, people who lack of learning motivation or with motivation that is less stronger, will produce inactive mood, In the process of learning, they feel difficult to focus on .From the investigation, we can fi
12、nd that there are many obstacles in the process of learning English for college students. Especially for those who entered in the college with low starting point, they have more psychological barriers because of lacking enough learning motivation. And some college students who have less sense of sel
13、f-discipline too outgoing or naughty feel difficult to be patient to practice oral English. For the reason that they cant grasp the main method to study English, which produce the negative mood and critical emotion. That is how mute English developed. Meanwhile, college students autonomous learning
14、situation is a fact we begin to worry about. On the one hand, many firms or employers regarded the certificate of CET4 and CET6 as the standard to check the employees ability. Such phenomenon has influence on most college students, because they have strong desire and motivation to learn English well
15、. But, we should accept the fact that motivation only cant lead to good result. C. Anxiety From the point of learners individual factors, the biggest obstacle that influences ones oral learning is anxiety. Anxiety refers to a temporary emotional state in the process of language learning, the charact
16、eristics of this state are the nervous or anxiety feelings that will affect learners to be afraid of mistakes. Language anxiety is considered to be one of the most emotional factors that affect ones language learning result. In oral English class, many learners are worried about that their language
17、proficiency and language ability may lag behind others; they have little confidence in their own pronunciation, intonation and the understanding of language material. A number of students feel nervous and anxious when they speak English in front of students and teachers. With the deepening of the st
18、udy, the anxiety they accumulated is more strong and intensive, which produces another different emotional factor, named self inhibition. Inhibition is the act of evasion and retreat that learners adopt in order to protect themselves. At the beginning of learning a new language, some students whose
19、ability are relatively weak gradually generate a sense of gap between themselves and others else. At first, they might not be urged or encouraged by their teachers timely and patiently, their self-confidence become weaker and weaker. Comparatively speaking, in order to protect themselves from being
20、criticized and ridiculed, higher their level of self inhibition is. It can be reflected in the classroom and appears such a situation: they have little sense of performance, they keep silent, then communication barriers deliberately settled between themselves and others, etc.When people go in for th
21、e job they are not very familiar with, they can easily produce anxiety. For college students in China, before entering the university, there are few opportunities for their oral English training and guidance. Therefore, its perception of oral English study is not very obvious, which is prone to anxi
22、ety.II. Causes analysis of the three factors Among these obstacles, the study found that factors such as nonconfidence, lack of learning motivation, language anxiety are the major obstacles to today s college students and which have restricted the improvement of students oral English. A. Nonconfiden
23、ce For us college students, many factors will lead the cause that we have little confidence in our second language. One of the most important factor is the negative influence that the exam-oriented education system bringing to English teaching in China. Under the exam-oriented education system, our
24、primary and high education in order to improve graduation rates mainly focus on the writing part, pays sufficient attention to the cultivation of students ability to read and write. However, they emphasize little or none on listening and reading. Therefore, not being trained or improved much, studen
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