选择型阅读理解2021年中考英语题型解题指导秘籍.pdf
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1、题型1:选择型阅读理解1.细节理解阅读 半壁江山”收囊中三三三命题解密三 三 三 三命题角度卜1.直接信息题:此类试题要求考生对材料中的某具体事实和细节进行认定。常以五个“W”(what,when,who,where,why)和一个“H”(how)开头的特殊疑问句设题;或是考查考生对选项的是非判断,设题方式为:Which of the following is TRUE/Not true?2.间接信息题:此类试题选项中不直接出现原文信息,而是借助同义转换、概念解析等方法对原文内容进行适当变化,目的是考查考生对事实细节的理解能力和信息转化能力。3.数字计算题:此类试题要求考生根据材料中的相关数字
2、或信息,通过整理、运算得出答案;试题常涉及年代、年龄、付款钱数等方面的数字计算。4.顺序排列题:此类试题的设题方式是在选项中列举出材料中的一些具体事实,要求考生对这些事实进行排序。命题陷阱卜1.偷梁换柱:干扰项中把原文中的关键词或限定词去掉或用其他词替换,使干扰项看似与原文内容相似,实则大相径庭,貌似正确,实际却是错误选项。2.张冠李戴:文章中原本是张三做的事情在干扰项中推到李四身上,而其他部分的信息与原文内容相符,容易误选。3.文不对题:干扰项内容虽是原文信息,但不是题目所要求的信息,迷惑性极大,粗心的考生极易落入陷阱而不自知。4.前矛后盾:干扰项的部分内容正确,部分内容错误,考生若不仔细、
3、完整地阅读选项,极易错选。5.无中生有:命题人依据材料中的某一信息,凭空捏造出相似的信息作为选项迷惑考生。三 三 三 三满分导航三 三 三 三三 三 三 三 学霸秘籍三三三1.直接信息题:结合关键词句对选项进行仔细分析对比,将选项中“无此细节 或 与此细节相反”的干扰项排除,选出与事实细节相符的选项。2.间接信息题:关键要找出间接信息与事实细节之间的信息联系。3.数字计算题:理清各数字之间的关系,确定计算方法,计算出数值,从而确定正确选项。4.顺序排列题:根据时间顺序及句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。此类题可采用“首尾定位法”,快速缩小选择范围,提高做题效率。国 逢 久 题
4、二 技巧演练场(2020杭州中考)A lot of animals travel from one place to another.We call this migration.In Africa Jaree animals Jike elephants and zabcas,migrate to find food and water.They usually follow thesame ways every year.A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather,too.They are usually birds tha
5、t eat insects.They spendthe summer in northern Europe,because there are lots of insects there.In thQ winlcr th c aientany insectsSO thcbird*HY _ south I。一 SQUthcniEuroPcand Afiica.一Some insects migrate,too.inNonhAmeiic&milliQnsQf monarch bqKcrOiesfvsQuthtQ.spend the winter inkniSome fish migrate to
6、breed(繁殖).SalniQn(娃鱼)can 宣皿9丫 d 20,QQQKn in theil life.They are born inrivers in Ireland,Scotland and other places in northern Europe.The young fish swim down the river to the sea andinto the Atlantic Ocean.They live in the ocean until they are adults.ThenlheyrelUHUQJhe 丫 题 宣 heie theY wereborn.They
7、 lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die.Salmon do this,because their eggs are safer inthe river.Other fish cant eat them.()1.According to the passage,mQMIclLtoWlerfli皴migrate to.A.find insects B.look for water C.find better weather D.produce young()2.Adult salmon swim back to the rive
8、r because.A.they wont be eaten by other big fishB.they want to lay eggs in a safer placeC.they are getting ready to die thereD.they want to go where they grew up话题分析砚大意三三三本文是一篇说明文。讲述动物的迁徙。列举了大型动物、鸟类、昆虫、鱼、北极燕鸥等动物的迁徙原因及规律。三三专题源对应 定 选 顶 E 三 三-题 目 1:直接信息题(事实认定)第一步:找出题干关键词:monarch butterflies in North Am
9、erica第二步:对应原文关键句:第四段第二句:In North America,millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico,California and Florida,where its warmer.第三步:对比选项定答案对比选项,C 项 find better weather与文中信息where its warmer相符,故答案选C。题目2:间接信息题第一步:找出题干关键词:Adult salmon swim back to the river第二步:对应原文关键句第五段f到数第二句:S
10、almon do this,because their eggs are safer in the river.第三步:对比选项定答案对比选项,B 项 they want to lay eggs in a safer place 与 原 文 中 的 信 息.because their eggs are safer in theriver”相符,故答案选B。免 造 道 翔 新题竞技场Test 1体裁 话题 词数 建议用时 正确率说明文 健康 1705,/5Speaking up in class might be difficult,but it helps to make you feel m
11、ore confident.Its okay if you give thewrong answer.All smart students do and your classmates wont really care.Step 2:#1_Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired.Cut down some of the work you need to doeach day so that you only do the most important things well.Nobody can work well
12、 when they are tired.Make sure you get enough sleep and take study breaks.Step 3:Develop healthy habitsStarting your young life with good habits sets you up for a healthy future.Get regular exercise,eat a healthydiet,and keep your hygiene(卫生).Step 4:Manage your stressYou should spend time having fun
13、 and enjoying life.Join a sports team,read a book,make some art,or#2;whatever you need to do to help reduce stress,make time for it.()1.According to the material,what can help you become confident?A.Speaking up in class.B.Having good sleeping habits.C.Getting good grades.D.Talking with your friends.
14、()2.What is the proper title for#1?A.Studying hard.B.Getting enough rest.C.Doing some exercise.D.Making friends.()3.To develop good habits,you can.a.exercise regularlyb.eat healthy foodc.have fund.keep yourself and your living and working areas cleanA.abc B.abdC.acd D.bed()4.Which may not be a good
15、tip for the tips in#2?A.watch a good movieB.have a talk with your best friendC.have a fight with someoneD.join a dance club()5.These tips can help t e e n a g e r s.A.find a job in the futureB.get good grades on testsC.make more friendsD.live healthy livesTest 2体裁 话题 词数 建议用时 正确率说明文 旅游 2496/5Guizhou
16、is really wonderful.The New York Times listed it the 52 places to go in the world in 2016 and CNNcalled it one of the most worthy places in China”in 2017.On Oct.22,2019,Lonely Planet listed Guizhou asone of the top 10 places to visit in 2020.Seated in southwest China,Guizhou is one of Chinas natural
17、 jewels(宝石)”.It has beautiful mountains,lovely lakes and special karst landforms(喀斯特地貌).Visitors can see an amazing view of 700,000 cherry trees in bloom(开花)in March.Guizhou also has Asiastallest waterfall,Huangguoshu,and Asias longest cave(洞穴),Shuanghe Cave.The China Tour Guide websitecalls Guizhou
18、 an unforgettable wonderland”.Along with its beautiful views,there are also special cultures.Guizhou is home to 17 ethnic groups(少数民族),including the Miao,Dong,Shui and Tujia.But the mountain landfbnns also make the peoples modem lifearrive slowly.Many people still live according to old traditions.Fo
19、r example,many Miao people still live inwooden houses on stilts(桩子).The mouth-watering food is also something you cant miss in Guizhou.Chili chicken,Kaili sour soup fish,sour and spicy flavors are typical here.With its special natural landforms,colorful culture and lovely food,ifs nowonder that Guiz
20、hous becoming a place that tourists from around the world look forward to visiting.()1.What is Guizhou called by Lonely Planet?A.The 52 places to go in the world.B.One of the most worthy places in China.C.One of the top 10 places to visit in 2020.D.An unforgettable wonderland”.()2.What is Guizhou NO
21、T known for?A.Karst landforms.B.Huangguoshu waterfall.C.Natural jewels.D.Having many ethnic groups.()3.In Guizhou,many people still keep traditional ways of living because _A.people there dont like changeB.mountains slow down progressC.they want to keep their cultureD.they prefer older ways of livin
22、g()4.The underlined word“mouth-watering“in the last paragraph may mean A.delicious B.terribleC.special D.cheap()5.The best title fbr the passage may be A.The ethnic groups in GuizhouB.Some Guizhou delicious dishesC.A very poor place in ChinaD.Having a go in GuizhouTest 3 体裁话题 词数建议用时 正确率说明文 环境 293T/5
23、Qomolangma is the worlds highest mountain.You may have learned from your textbooks that its height is8,844.43 meters.But not all sides are in agreement on this.Different researchers have given different results.Inaddition,the height of the mountain can change over time.Thats why a 30-member Chinese
24、survey team set out to reach the-eak of Qomolangma to re-measure itsheight on May 6,2020.They are equipped(配备)with the latest technology,including a global navigation satellitesystem receiver(全球导航卫星系统接收机)and a radar(雷达).It is not an easy task.The average air temperature on the mountain is-29 four de
25、grees lower than inAntarctica-and powerful winds blow all the time.In such bad conditions,surveying drones(无人机)cannotwork at the peak of the mountain.Thats why its still necessary to send human experts to the peak to get exactresults.But does a difference of a few meters really matter when it comes
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