新视野大学英语(第二版)第 1册 Unit 5答案.pdf
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1、新视野大学英语(第二版)第1册Unit 5答案VocabularyIII.1.immune 2.acquire 3.constitutes 4.define 5.infected,infect6.illustrates 7.emerge 8.emphasize 9.represents 10.Threatened2.形似词:acquire 获得。如:She has acquired a good knowledge of English.inquire询问,查询。常用的搭配有inquire sth.of sb.询问;inquireabout/upon 查问;inquire after(ones
2、 health)问候;inquire into 调查。如:He inquired of all that were present.request 请求;要求。如:Visitors are requested not to touch theexhibits.require 需要;要求。如:We require extra help.(注:四个词中只有inquire可用作不及物动词)If you want to know the train schedule,please at thebooking office.A)acquire B)inquire C)request D)require译
3、文:如果你想了解列车时刻表,请咨询售票处。答案是B。同义词:obtain,经常表示付出一段时间努力之后“获得 某些东西,譬如说advice,benefits,approval,a degree,information.例句:Teenagers have to obtain permission from parents before they goout with friends.(青少年需要获得父母的允许才能够和朋友出外.)gain强调获得的东西是对你有利或者有帮助的东西,譬如说the accessto something,advantage,benefit,control,insight,
4、knowledge,confidence,support,power 等等例句:Impulse sometimes gains power over nature.(冲动有时候会战胜本性.)acquire强调通过购买或者强夺的手段去获得一些东西,这些东西一般是可见的,譬如说 asset,company,status,title,property;acquire有时候和gain的意思差不多,可以加skill,knowledge,但是acquire给人的感觉就是获得之后还会长时间占有,所以我自己一般喜欢用 acquire skills or knowledge.例句:With thought,pr
5、actice and feedback,we acquire skills.(有了思考,实践和反馈,我们可以获得技能.)The under-18s nearly 25%of the towns population.A.compose B.consist C.include D.constituteA 选项的话,句子应该改成 Nearly 25%of the towns population iscomposed of the under-18s.B 选项应该改成 consist of,The under-18s consist of nearly 25%of thetowns populat
6、ion.原句中的 of 是 nearly 25%of the towns population 中的成分.C 选 项 include是包括包含的意思,中文意思不符合题意.D 选项是正确的。compose,consist of,comprise,constitute 这组动词的一般含义为 组成”或 构成”。compose在表示“由 材料构成”时,见于被动语态;在用于主动语态时,一般它所表示的“构成”或“组成”总包含着融合为一,而且主语或者是复数名词或者是集体名词。0Concrete is composed of cement,sand and gravel mixed with water.混凝
7、土由水泥、砂、石子与水掺和而构成。England,Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。Mere facts,badly stated,do not compose a good book.仅仅有资料,如果陈述得很糟糕,并不能组成一本好书。consist o f的含义与被动语态的compose相同Though the costume consists only of a sheet,it was very effective.虽然那件化装服装仅由一条床单组成,但效果很好。注意:cons
8、ist in在于;存在于Education does not simply consist in learning a lot of facts.教育并不仅仅在于学到许多事实。comprise v t.在表示“构成”时,其内涵是“包括”或“覆盖”These houses do not comprises all his property.这些房产并没有构成他的全部财产。The committee comprises men of widely different views.这个委员会由见解甚为悬殊的人组成。constitute v t.的主语可以是复数名词也可以是单数名词,所“构成”的事物在
9、属性和特征上,亦或在组织上,与组成成分是一致的This growing poverty in the midst of growing poverty constitutes apermanent menace to peace.在这种不断增长的贫困中正在增长着的贫困,构成了对和平的永久的威胁。Seven days constitutes a week.七天构成一个星期。emergev i.浮现;摆脱;暴露 过去式 emerged 过去分词 emerged 现在分词 emerging 冒出,露出(from):例:The sun emerges from behind the clouds.太阳
10、从云层里露出。涌现,(由隐没处、暗处等)出现;(由水中、液体中)浮现,呈出:例:a ghost emerging from the grave似乎从坟墓里冒出的鬼魂例:to emerge from water从水里露出(从视线以外的地方)出现;出来例:Richard was waiting outside the door as she emerged.当她出现的时候,理查德正等候在门外。例:She then emerged from the courthouse to thank her supporters.于是她从法院大楼出来向支持者们表示感谢。摆脱例:There is growing
11、evidence that the economy is at last emerging fromrecession.有越来越多的迹象表明经济将最终摆脱萧条。立足成为例:Vietnam has emerged as the worlds third-biggest rice exporter.越南已立足成为世界第三大稻米出口国。显 露,(事 实、意见等)被知晓,暴露,显现出来,(问题等)冒出,(问题、困难等)发 生,产生(结果):例:The truth emerged that the driver of the car had been drunk.真相暴露了这个汽车司机是酒后开车。例:I
12、t emerged from the message that all was well.从获知的消息来看,一切都很好。1.regardless of 2.at risk 3.handing out 4.distracts.from 5.sign up for6.be infected with 7.guard against 8.feel comfortable with/about 9.inplace of 10.suffering fromV.1.L2.G3.I4.J5.M 6.D7.O8.A 9.C 10.F牛津高阶英汉双语词典 第6版467页 有两个例句:The illness wa
13、s diagnosed as cancer.He has recently been diagnosed with angina.(angina:心绞痛)当主语是 illness 时用 diagnosed as,当主语是he时用diagnosed withoStructureVI.Attributive clause 定语从句1.the way he teaches English2.whom I was expecting to stay with3.which was lost in the department store yesterday4.where Mary and I spen
14、t our childhood5.which the whole family considered a great honorVIL1.Despite his illness2.Despite a lot of difficulties3.despite his old age4.despite the bad weather5.despite his hard workdespite意为“不管”“任凭”,相 当 于in spite o f,后接名词、代词,但语气比后者轻。如:H e w entoutdespite bad w eather他不管天气恶劣出发了。D espite 1he fo
15、gs w e went out for a walk.尽管有雾,我们还是外出散步。注despite后可接what引导的从句如:D espite w h a t s a y s,Illgo.不管她怎么说,我也要去。Iw ou Id support him despite w hathe d id.不管他做什么,我都支持他。despite=in spite of,故不能再与o f连用;in spite of/despite+名词=although+从句regardless of=without considering or taking notice ofregardless o f不管;不顾;不
16、理会.后常接名词或者接从句in spite of 与 regardless of 区另ll前者:一般用于客观上无法避免的事实,往往是不利的条件,因素,需要主语去正确面对和处理,并不是避而远之后者:一般是主观上故意去忽视,有时往往是好的条件,因素,或他人的建议,很可能导致不好的结果Translationvni.1.1 hope that the effort that weve made will be of some use to the battleagainst AIDS.2.Despite all the efforts form the local organizations in t
17、he battle againstAIDS,the number of people in rural areas diagnosed with AIDS has beenincreasing.3.Please turn off the TV,because the noise will distract her from herhomework.4.It was a long time before the company implemented the program toimprove the quality of its goods because of lack of money a
18、nd necessaryequipment.5.Youd better learn something about the course before signing up for it.6.The policy is playing a more and more important role in promoting thedevelopment of local economy.L a c k的用法n.(名词)“不足”。通常用“lack+q f+名词”。A deficiency or an absence:缺乏或没有;Som elhing needed orw anted.欠缺的事物:缺
19、乏或寻求的某物a lack of m oney.缺乏金钱Her only problem is lack of confidence.Lack of sleep had made him irritable.If he fails it wont be for/through lack of effort(=he has certainly tried).We wont be going on holiday this year-lack of funds,Im afraid.He can,t endure the lack of fo o d.没有食物,他再也坚持下下去了。v t.(及物动词
20、)缺乏;不足;没看To be entirely w ithoutorhave very little of 缺乏:根本就没有或仅有 点(2)f o be in need of 需要He just lacks a little confidence.What we lack in this house is space to store things.She lacks patience in dealing with children.(与孩子打交道她缺少耐心。)We are lacking three members of staff due to illness.(注:说 lack木用于进
21、行时期占不柞脚的)y i.(不及物动词)还可作“缺乏,短少;不足;需詈。To be w anting or deficient:缺乏:处子僵乏或不足状态常用进行时You will not be lacking in support from me.你将得到我的帮助(注:这里把lacking处理为v i.,并没有作为adj.来得简单)To be in need of som ething:需耍:需要某物:I lacked for nothing.我不需要在何东西She does not lack for friends._荒幅i for nothing.他们无所需求(应有尽有)。lack构成的短
22、语有:be lacking:欠缺、缺:be lacking in缺 乏(某种品质、特点等),不够lack for 缺(多用于否定句)Lack+of+名词:The plants died for lackof water.Lack+名词:We lack the strength to walk any further.短语:be lacking:欠缺、缺:Money was lacking to complete the building.be lacking in缺 乏(某种品质、特点等),不 够:He is not lacking inintelligence.lack for 缺(多用于否
23、定句)She does not lack for friendslacking adj.1 be lacking If something that you need is lacking,you do not haveenough of it:Enthusiasm has been sadly lacking these past months at work.Money was lacking to comnletejhe building.He is lacking in courage,他缺乏勇气?Nothing is lacking but the will.什么都不缺,就缺意志。2
24、 be lacking in sth to not have a quality:Hes totally lacking in charm.He is not lacking in intelligence.Philip was not lacking in ability.(菲力普并不缺少能力。)His reception of us was lacking in warmth.(他对我们的接待缺少热情。)Since she is young,she is lacking in experience.由于年轻,她缺乏经验。练习1.Many of our young workers_prope
25、r training.?A.are lacking in B.are lacking C.lack for D.lackin A2.We tried to settle the problem with them as soon as possible,but theyseemed to sincerity.A.lack of B.be lack of C.lack in D.belacking in(D)3.Though_ money,his parents managed to send him touniversity.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.
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