领域说明.docx
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1、附件1.领域说明1. Specific ChallengeEnvironmental pollution is a major global issue affecting natural resources and the environment in generic terms and creating important concerns for human health in particular. Pollutants resulting from human action are detrimental to ecosystems at different functional l
2、evels, representing an important economic load for society.Standard remediation strategies have different levels of efficiency; in certain cases they increase the health risk of workers or simply postpone the problem. Advanced bioremediation approaches, which use naturally occurring microorganisms,
3、in the form of emerging technologies for the treatment of contamination in various ecosystems foresee more sustainable and gentle alternatives to physicochemical options. These technologies comprise, amongst others biomineralisation, electrobioremediation, microbe-assisted phytoremediation, protein
4、and metabolic engineering, nano-biotechnology and systems biology.While the merits of using microorganisms to depollute their environment and to transform harmful contaminants into harmless end-products arc well known (environmental friendliness, low toxicity), a number of challenges remain. These i
5、nclude for instance, their effectiveness to treat in treating compounds that are biodegradable (e.g. toxic metals), time efficiency, specificity of the environment, level of concentration of the contaminants, the combined biological activity of the microbial community over time and space and the con
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