中考英语备考专项复习不定代词及练习.docx

第五节 不定代词不定代词:不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词可分为两类:1) 普通不定代词all both every each either neithermany much some any a few few a little little noother the other others the others another 2) 由body,one,thing构成的合成代词somebody anybody everybody nobodysomeone anyone everyone no onesomething anything everything nothingSome 与any区别1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词+单数动词；可数名词+复数动词。常修饰可数名词复数，如：some books some boys也可修饰不可数名词，如：some water some teaThere are some policemen at the door.I want to buy some bread.2） any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词+单数动词；可数名词+复数动词。 【例题精讲】 例1. Have you got any tea?例2. If you have any questions, please ask me. 例3. There isn't any orange in the bottle.any表示“任何”的意义，起强调作用时，它可以用在肯定句中。Any student can answer this question.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。Any student must read the text.任何学生都必须读课文。在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。Would you like some coffee? 你要不要来点咖啡？What about some fruit juice? 来点水果汁如何？以could, would,what about, how about,why not开头的疑问句，也用some,表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答。 【例题精讲】 例1. -How many people can you see in the picture? -I can't see any. 例2. If you have no money, I'll lend you some.注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。 【巩固练习】 一、用some和any填空。 1. There isnt_ milk in the fridge.2. I can see_ cars, but I cant see _ buses. 3. He has_ friends in England. 4. Are there_ trees on the farm? 5. Would you like _ tea? No, I dont like _ tea, but Id like _ cakes. 6. Is there_ rice in the kitchen? 7. There are_ new buildings in our school. 8. Here are_ presents for you. 9. Are there_ pictures on the wall? No, there arent _ pictures. 10. There is_ milk in the bottle. 11. Are there_ bananas in the bag? 12. There are not _ boys on the bus. 二、选择题。 1. Theres a little cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the store and get _? A. some B any 2. I feel a bit hungry. Why dont you have _ bread? A. any B.some 3. Would you like _ coffee with sugar?A. any B.some4. I havent got_ books to read.A .any B some 5. Lisa wants to do _ housework.A.any B.some 6. Do you have _ toys?A.any B.some 7. Bill doesnt have _ money.A.any B.some 8. My sister cant speak _English.A.some B.any 一、1. any 2. some, any 3. some 4. any 5. some, any, some 6. any 7. some 8. some 9. any, any 10. some 11. any 12. any二、1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. Bmany与much, few, a few 与little, a little的区别1） Many，much都意为"许多"， many + 可数名词，much + 不可数名词。【例句】 I dont have many friends here. She hadnt much money, but she felt very happy.Many apples are red.Much water is clean.2） few, a few, little, a little   (a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词    a few / a little 为肯定含义，还有一点  few / little为否定含义，没有多少了。【例题精讲】    例1. He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。    例2.He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。 例3.We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。 例4.There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 固定搭配:only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many)It was so cold that only a few  few people went out. 那天很冷，很少人出去。We've got only a few eggs few eggs, so I must go shopping.Quite a few many people go to the beach to enjoy the nice weather.He did business and earned quite a little much money. a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。【例题精讲】 例1. I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) 例2. Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep) 例3. Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级) 例4. She slept very little last night.【巩固练习】1. At midnight, most people go to sleep, but therere still _ young people hanging out in the streets. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few2. Just _ students came to the party. Most of them stayed at home and watched TV. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few3. Theres only _ meat in the fridge.Please go and buy some. A. a little B. little C. a few D. Few4.Would you like _ milk in your tea? Yes, just _.A. any; little B. some; a little C. much; a few D. a little; some5. There is _ water in my glass. Will you please give me _.A. little; some B. few; any C. few; some D. little; anyevery 和each的区别1).every 强调全体的概念， each强调个体概念。   Every student in our school works hard.  Each student has his shining point. 每个人都有自己的闪光点。2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。She had a bottle in each hand. 她每只手拿着一个瓶子。3)every 有反复重复的意思，如 every two weeks等； each没有。 Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games. 每四年，来自世界各地的运动员参加奥林匹克运动会。 I have violin lessons every two weeks.我每两个星期上一次小提琴课。固定搭配：each other意思为“彼此、相互、互相”的意思。We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。each后可跟介词“of”，而every不可以。Each of his children goes to a different school.他的每个孩子都在不同的学校里读书。Each of us likes doing exercise. 我们每个人都喜欢做锻炼。every 可与 almost, nearly ,等副词的修饰，但 each 却不能。如：Almost every student has read the book. 差不多每个学生都读过这本书。Almost every person is here. 几乎所有人都在这儿。注意：each 和every用于主语时，谓语均要求单数。Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one.Each of the boys has to take one. Each has his advantages.各人都有他的优点。 other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。用 法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定Another另一个Others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一个男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。【例题精讲】 例1.Where are his other books? 例2.We learn Chinese,English,math and other subjects.2） other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。【例题精讲】 例1.He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. 例2.There are 48 students in our class,some work hard,but the other students dont. 3） other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ., others .”句型。 others相当于other+名词复数,指剩余的另一些，并非全部。 【例题精讲】 例1.Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. 例2.This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.4） “the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。 【例题精讲】 例1.We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock. 例2.In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5） another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. 【例题精讲】例1.I dont like this one,please show me another. 例2.Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? another+数词+名词复数 = 数词+more/other+名词复数e.g.1.I want to have another apple. =I want to have one more apple. 我想再吃一个苹果。2.We need another ten chairs. =We need ten more/other chairs. 我们还需要十把椅子。 【巩固练习】用other的各种形式填空1.She is taller than(1)_ girl in her class. (2)_ in her class. (3)_ girls in her class.2. I want some _books besides this book.3. He has ten friends. Two are foreigners, _eight are Chinese.4. Though he tried many times, he still wants to try _time.5. We have to drive _20 miles to reach the town.1.-Would you like to have_ cake? -No,thanks.Im full.A.more B.another C.other2.We have two foreign teachers here,one is from England,and _ is from America.A.another B.other C.the other D.the others3.We can't do it that way-but whether it will work is _ matter.A.other B.another C.each D.every4.Don't be afraid of making mistakes because it is simply _ way of learning.A.another B.the other C.other D.the others5.There is a chess club in our school.It has six girls and _ are boys.A.other B.others C.the other D.the othersKeys: any other, any others, the other; other;the other; another;anotherB    C    B    A    Dboth, neither, either, any, all, none的区别不定代词 含义 数量关系例句both两者都 = 2 Both of my parents live in London. We both went to their wedding.either两者中的任何一个 = 2You can come on Saturday or Sunday. Either is OK for me.neither两者都不 = 2 Neither of them likes football。 Neither answer is correct.all三者或三者以上都 3All of the toys were broken. All of the money is yours. none三者或三者以上都不 3 None of you could lift it. every 后必须接名词，既不能单独使用也不能后接 of 短语。如：He has spent all of the money. 他把所有的钱都花了。(不能用every)I have read each of the books. 每本书我都读过了。(不能用every)【巩固练习】1.I have many friends._ of them are friendly. A. Both B. All C. Either D. neither2.There are two foreigners in my class. _of them are from the USA . A. Both B. All C. Either D. neither3. _ the twins enjoyed _ at the party yesterday.A. Both; them B. Both; themselves C. Neither; them D. All; themselves4. Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a cup of tea?_, thanks. I'd like just a cup of water.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None5. Would you like milk or orange? _ ，I prefer water.A. Each B. Neither C. Either D. Both6. _ of us has read the story，so we know nothing about it.A. Some B. Both C. All D. None7. Which of her parents is a doctor?_are.A. Any B. Either C. Both D. All答案:BABBBDC一、用正确的词填空。1. He has two uncles, of them are doctors.2.- Which do you prefer, the red one or the blue one?_ is OK. I don't care.3. of the twins has been to Guangzhou. They hope to visit it one day.4. I love my classmates. of them are very kind.5. of us wants to go to the park today, because we must finish our homework.6. You can take of the two toys cars and leave the other for your brother.7、The bus hit two cars,but luckily, of the passengers was hurt.8. Both the boys clever. (are/ is) 9.Either of the two boys clever.(are/is)10. There are flowers on sides of the street.(both/ either )11. There are flowers on side of the street. ( both/ either )答案:both either neither all none either none noneAre is both each/either复合不定代词 body（代人） thing（代物） one (代人或物） every everybody everything everyone some somebody something someone any anybody anything anyone no nobody nothing no one【例题精讲】例1.Someone is knocking at the door.例2.I dont want to eat anything today. 例3.Thats nothing.例4.I have something important to tell you. 例5.Is anybody at home? 例6.Nobody is absent. 例7.Id like something to eat.【巩固练习】一、选择题：(    ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat.      A. anything B. something C. everything    D. nothing(    ) 2. Do you have _ to say for yourself? No, I have _ to say.      A. something; everything B. nothing; something      C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing(    ) 3. Why not ask _ to help you?      A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none(    ) 4. Everything _ ready. We can start now.      A. are B. is C. be D. were(    ) 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK.      A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing(    ) 6. The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read.      But Im afraid it wont be liked by _.      A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody(    ) 7. She listened carefully, but heard _.      A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing(    ) 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.      A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing（   ）11. _ of us is active in English class.      A. Every          B. Every one      C. Everyone       D. Anybody（   ）12. The exam was difficult, wasn't it?        No，but I don't think_ could pass it.A. somebody       B. anybody         C. nobody         D. everybody用复合不定代词完成下列问题。1._is watching TV. Let's turn it off.2. -Who helped you with your English? -_!I learned it all by myself.3.The boy was so attracted by the computer games that he forgot _ else.4 .-Was it Peter who broke the window? -No, he wasn't here yesterday.He had_ to do with it.5.Look! Can you see_ behind the tree?Yes, I think its a cat.6.Do you know _ in the store? Sorry, I dont know them.7._ is in the room. Its empty(空的)。8. This was my first time in Wuhan, so_ was really interesting.9. Could you give me_ to drink?Sure！Here you are.10. Lily, is_ here today? No, Jim isnt here. He is in hospital.11. Jim! Can you see the words on the blackboard?Sorry! I can see _.一、BDBBC/ADA/BDKeys:1. Nobody, 2.Nobody, 3.anything 4.nothing 5.anything 6.anyone 7.no one 8.everything 9.something 10.everyone 11.nothingI. Choose the best answer. ( ) 1He can't hear you, because there is _ noise hereAvery much Btoo much Cmuch too Dso many( ) 2_ name is Lily AHerself BHers CShe DHer( ) 3All of us were invited, but _ of us came Aneither Bnone Cboth D. any( ) 4There isn't _ water in the cup.Aany Bmany Csome Dthe( ）5-Is this _ pen? -No, _ is on my desk.Ayour; my Byours; my Cyour; mine Dyours; mine( ) 6The bottle is empty. There is _ in it.Aanything Bsomething Cnothing D. everything( ) 7-Look! We have _ sugar. -Really? Let's go and buy some.Afew Ba few Clittle Da little( ) 8There isn't _ milk in the fridge. You'd better buy some.Ano Bany Csome D. many( ) 9-“There isn't _ water here. Could you get _ for me?”-“All right.”Asome; some Bany; any Csome; any Dany; some( ) 10Today, _ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.Amuch too Btoo much Cmany too Dtoo many( )11There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is ea