2022年英语：Unit《Astronomythescienceofthestars》单元同步测试 3.pdf

1 / 7 Unit4 Science of the stars单元同步测试第一部分：单项选择（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Though great progress has been made in astronomy in the past fifty years, _ still much that remains mysterious to astronomers _ the universe, even the solar system. A. It is 。 of B. there is 。 about C. It is 。 with D. there is 。 with 2. People in China _ full freedom of religion but any religious group that is engaged _ something illegal shall be dismissed A. like 。 in B. enjoy 。 in C. appreciate。 to D. are fond of 。 with 3. The scientists claimed( 声称 ) to _ a jet plane that uses atomic energy as propelling _, but they can t produce an atom of evidence to prove it. A. design。 power B. have designed。 power C. design。 force D. have designed。strength 4. Many environmentalists think that carbon dioxide is _ for the global warming, which affects billions and billions of species across the globe. A. blamed B. to be blamed C. to blame D. blaming 5. Without the atmosphere _ our earth from the sun, it _ be too hot for any living things to live on. A. to protect 。 would B. protecting 。 will B. protests 。 will D. protecting 。 would 6. The constitution, unlike other forms of laws, is fundamental _ our social system working properly. A. for keeping B. to keeping C. to keep D. with keeping 7. He has _ his fortune many times since he began to deal in second-hand car business. A. added to B. created C. multiplied D. risen 8. Everybody present at the party was shocked at her violent reaction _ the young man s presence. A. with B. to C. for D. by 9. Don t worry yourself too much about the situation. _ will get better _. A. Things 。 on time B. Things 。 in time C. The things 。 with time D. The things 。 on time 10. It still puzzles the science world why some mammals produce their young _ and hatching while others _ to young babies. A. lying eggs 。 giving birth B. by laying eggs 。 by giving birth C. by laying eggs 。 give birth D. laying eggs 。 giving birth 11. The parents have devoted themselves to bringing up their children and now it is time for the children, _, to show their devotion to their parents. A. in their turn B. in their return C. in return D. in their turns 12. The acid rain is one of the chain reactions that _ by environmental pollution A. is come about B. is caused C. are given birth D. are brought about 13. Oxygen usually _ in the form of gas in nature but when made cold enough, it can also take the form of solid. A. remains B. stays B. exists D. survives 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 7 页2 / 7 14. The single invention of the computer _ many new professions. A. gave a birth to B. gave births to C. gave birth to D. gave birth for 15. Do you know what speed _ for a rocket to escape from the pull or gravity of the earth to send a satellite into outer space? -No idea at all. I have never got the _ of it. A. it needs。 idea B. is taken。 hang C. is needed。 hang D. it takes。 thought 16. It is never harmful _ you to be polite and gentle to others and _, as is often the case, you can get what you want. A. to。 thus B. for。 thus C. of 。 therefore D. with 。 however 17. It is predicted that a comet will probably hit the earth in about 10 years and scientists all over the world are thinking about possible ways to _it from happening. Which of the following is not OK? A. protect B. stop C. keep D. prevent 18. _ cars when you cross the busy street. Which of the following is not OK? A. Watch out for B. Look out for C. Watch over D. Be careful of 19. _ you feel exhausted after the long tiring journey, you may as well take a good rest at home. A. So that B. In that C. Now that D. In order that 20. Be careful when you open an unknown document. It might contain the deadly virus which could entirely _ your computer system in a minute. A. break down B. crash C. block out D. dissolve 21. -My goodness! I failed again in the computer test. -_. The world is not at an end. A. Look up B. Pick up C. Cheer up D. Keep up 22. Nobody in the family knows for sure why _ A. it broke out fierce quarrels between the newly wedded couple. B. the newly wedded couple often broke out fierce quarrels C. fierce quarrels often broke out between the newly wedded couple D. fierce quarrels were often broken out between the new wedded couple 23. Astronauts in a spaceship have to _weightless conditions _are quite different from _ on the earth. A. do with 。 which 。 those B. deal with 。 that。 that C. face 。 which 。 those D. solve 。where。 what 24. The pull of gravity depends upon size, _, upon mass. An object, whether its mass is big or small on the earth, _in weightless conditions, like the outer space. A. or rather 。 floats B. rather than 。 flies C. to be more exact 。 flies D. other than 。 floats 25. If the sun s rays were entirely _, there would be dramatic changes in the climate on the earth, and the result could be disastrous to the human race. A. covered out B. broken out C. blocked out D. left out 第二部分完形填空（共20 小题；每小题15 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、 B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In tradition education , the teacher may feel that the students are not very grown up. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 7 页3 / 7 26 ,teachers are older than students, 27 teachers feel that students are 28 and do not know much about the 29 . The teachers feel that they 30 tell the students what to do most of the time, and that they must also 31 the students study specific( 具体的 )things. In 32 education, the teachers 33 are very different. These teachers feel that the students are 34 first, and students second. They 35 the students to be 36 for the things that the do, just as adults 37 . A student s idea and feelings are just as important as the 38 . The teacher 39 the students to decide 40 they want to do, and does not make them study what they do not want 41 . The teacher lets them 42_ what to study and how 43 to study . It s very important for the 44 to show how he or she feels 45 the students. 26. A. Usually B. Indeed C. Besides D. Actually 27. A. and B. however C. still D. yet 28. A. old B. young C. stupid D. clever 29. A. universe B. culture C. world D. knowledge 30. A. can B. must C. may D. will 31. A. force B. ask C. order D. make 32. A. open B. traditional C. strict D. high 33. A. feelings B. interests C. methods D. experiences 34. A. children B. teachers C. adults D. human beings 35. A. refuse B. agree C. hope D. wish 36. A. anxious B. ready C. will D. would 37. A. are B. do C. will D. would 38. A. adults B. teachers C. adult s D. teachers39. A. allows B. suggests C. refuses D. forbids 40. A. what B. that C. how D. which 41. A. for B. to C. about D. of 42. A. write B. say C. decide D. hope 43. A. much B. well C. hard D. simple 44. A. headmaster B. teacher C. parent D. student 45. A. like B. about C. as D. for 第三部分阅读理解（共20 小题；每小题2 分，满分40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ALanguage learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “ obey ” spoken instructions some time before they can speak , though the word “ obey ” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the children. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can t be said to show the baby s intention to communicate, 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 7 页4 / 7 they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation(模仿 ) leads on to deliberate( 有意的 ) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it a particular situation。 and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at seven months, of “ mama ” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however, whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds. 46. Before children start speaking_. A. they need equal amount of listening B. they need different amounts of listening C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions. D. they can t understand and obey the adult s oral instructions47. Children who start speaking late_. A. may have problems with their listening B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them C. usually pay close attention to what they hear D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly 48. A baby s first noises are _. A. an expression of his moods and feelings B. an early form language C. a sign that he means to tell you something D. an imitation of the speech of adults 49. The problem of deciding at what point a baby s imitations can be considered as speech_. A. is important because words have different meanings for different people B. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually C. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age D. is one that should be completely ignored because children s use of words is often meaningless50. The speaker implies_. A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds B. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak C. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly D. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating B So long as teachers fail to distinguish( 区别 ) between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children what only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 7 页5 / 7 children to plan cleverly the most efficient( 有效的 ) system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: it can be seen and observed. Learning to read involves all that each individual does to understand the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the long search for knowledge? Smith has one principle rule for all teaching instructions. “ Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them properly, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is got rid of. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the chance to solve the problem of learning to read by learning. 51. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that_. A. too much time is spent in teaching about reading B. reading tasks are given with little guidance C. it is one of the most difficult school courses D. students spend limited hours in reading 52. The teaching of reading will be successful if _. A. teachers can make their teaching activities observable B. teachers can teach their students how to read C. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students D. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading 53. The word “ scrutiny” (paragraph 3 ) most probably means “ _ ”. A. unbelief B. control C. inquiry D. observation 54 . the main idea of the passage is that _. A. reading is more complicated than believable B. reading ability is something gained rather than taught C. teachers could encourage students to read as widely as possible D. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read 第四部分 书面表达第一节阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题 2 分, 满分 10分）阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）You are not given false information first that sounds as if it could be the answer to the question. An instance( 例证 ) of this may be that the information given matches one of the answers, but does not meet the criterion( 标准 ) given in the question the person could be talking about last week when the question asks about next week. The correct information usually, if not always, comes afterwards. Nearly right is not the same thing as right 。 examinations often give information that sounds more or less correct, but is in some way unsatisfactory. Adverbs and modals(情态动词 ) are often used to send you the wrong way 。 the listening text might use “ She may well be late” and the question “ She will be late” this is not an exact match and consequently(结果 ) could easily be the 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 7 页6 / 7 wrong answer. It has to be _. In longer listening passages, they often try to lend you to lose concentration by having quite long sections where no information relevant(有关的 ) to the exercise is given. But then out of the blue (unexpectedly) they hit you with a couple of answers in quick turns. Although most longer listening passages begin with an introduction that lets you get into the flow before they start testing you, you can not depend on this。 the first word could in theory(理论) be the answer to the first question. Examiners will often place a word directly from the passage in a wrong answer and use a synonym(同义词 ) in the correct answer. Check the meaning and do not rely on word recognition to get the right answer. 55. In what situation will the passage be useful? (please answer within 10 words) _ 56. Please fill in the blank with proper words and phrases. (please answer within 10 words) _ 57. Translate the underlined sentence in the passage into Chinese. _ 58. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? It is what the word means not which