2019高中英语 Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅲ Endangered Species.doc

1SectionSection EndangeredEndangered SpeciesSpecies & & NaturalNatural DisastersDisasters根据提示写出下列单词1_ n 大陆2_ vt. 依法没收；(用武力)夺取3_ n. 代表4_ adj. 巨大的5_ n. 规模；范围6_ adj. 多变的7_ n. 灌溉8_ vt. 武装9_ adj. 艰难的10_ adj. 在近海岸的11_ n. 巨大的灾难12_ n. 分离，分开13_ n. 方法14_ vt. 建造15_ adj. 破烂的16_ adj. 多山的17_ vt.&vi. 逃走18_ n. 可能性，潜在性19_ n. 尘土，灰尘20_ vi. (平稳地)移动，滚动【答案】 1.mainland 2.seize 3.behalf 4.grand 5scale 6.changeable 7.irrigation 8.arm 9rough 10.offshore 11.catastrophe 12separation 13.means 14.construct 15shabby 16.mountainous 17.flee 18potential 19.dust 20.roll根据提示补全下列短语21apart _ 除以外2call for an end _ sth. 要求结束3_ else 否则；不然4wrap _ 结束5_ one's behalf 代表6_ good 永远7carry _ 掠去，夺走8all _ all 总的来说9result _ 导致10_ one's living 谋生【答案】 1.from 2.to 3.or 4.up 5.on 6.for7off 8.in 9.in 10.earn根据提示补全下列教材原句1This makes_your_notes_easier_to_read when you look at them later.这样能使你以后再看笔记时更容易辨认些。2The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.最近几年里不乏大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。3There are more than 300 active volcanoes，about_fifty_of_which_erupt each year，and more than 500 million people now live within the range of a volcanic eruption.300 多座活火山中有 50 座每年都要喷发，而五亿多人现在生活在火山喷发的范围之内。4People in agricultural areas，without any means to earn their living，move to the cities，and then construct shabby homes from whatever_materials_they_can_find_on_poor_clay_soil.农业地区的人口因为无法谋生而流向城市，他们在贫瘠的黏土土地上用可以找到的材料搭起破烂的房屋。阅读 P1011课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案31What's the main idea of the passage?AMore and more natural disasters and their influences.BVolcanoes, the worst threat to human beings.CHow to predict the natural disasters correctly.DThe measures people have taken to prevent natural disasters.2From the passage, we can know that _.Anatural disaster can be predicted with the science developmentBmore and worse nature disasters will come in the futureCmany countries have taken effective measures facing the natural disastersDglobal warming is the main cause of natural disasters3Why are volcanoes and earthquakes are more dangerous than before?ABecause the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.BBecause of the fast growing of population on the earth.CBecause there are more and more volcanoes and earthquakes.DBecause about half the world's population lives in cities now.4The following factors can cause natural disasters EXCEPT _.Aover­populationBglobal warmingCthe destruction of the world's forestsDthe fast development of science5According to the passage, which one is RIGHT?AThe Yellow River ever failed to reach the sea for 226 days.BThe howling winds of Atlantic hurricanes are 40% stronger with speeds of 800 kilometres an hour.CIn 2006, thousands of Indonesians had to flee because the Mt Merapi erupted.DIn history, the worst volcano eruption is Mt Tambora.【答案】 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.A阅读 P1011课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式In the last ten years, there are more and more disasters such 1._floods, droughts, windstorms, earthquakes, typhoons, volcanic eruptions 2._ forest fires all over the world. 4Why are so many disasters? One of the 3._ (reason) is that the population of the world 4._(be) growing so fast.In addition, climate change and 5._(globe) climate warming 6._(cause) by factories, vehicles and deforestation can lead to the disasters or make them 7._(bad). At present, volcanoes and earthquakes are more 8._(danger) with the dangerous fast 9._(grow) of people. Earthquakes take the lives of 1.6 million people in the last hundred years. What is worse, the disaster experts predict 10._the things will get worse. 【答案】 1. as 2.and 3. reasons 4. is 5. global 6. caused 7. worse 8. dangerous 9. growth 10. thatapartapart fromfrom 除以外(教材 P132)ApartApart fromfrom the few found in zoos，pandas live only in the central bamboo forests of mainland China.除了少数生活在动物园外，熊猫只生活在中国内地中部的竹林里。take sth. apart 将拆卸开，拆分tell A and B apart 分辨出 A 与 Bfall apart 破裂，断裂；散开I can't telltell thethe twinstwins apartapart.我分不出这一对双胞胎中谁是谁。明辨异同 besides/except/exceptbesides/except/except for/apartfor/apart from/infrom/in additionaddition totobesides意为“除了之外(还有)” ，有肯定的附加意义，表示在整体中加上一部分，除去的部分包括在内，是包容关系。besides 还可用作副词，表示“除此之外” ，相当于 in additionexcept意为“除了没有” ，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分要排除在外，是排外关系。前后名词性质相同except for意为“除之外” ，用于引述细节以修正和补充句子的主要意思。前后名词性质不同apart from具有多重意义，既可表示 besides，也可表示 except 或 except 5forin addition to意为“除此之外，还”exceptexcept，besidesbesides，exceptexcept forfor，apartapart fromfromWe all passed the exam _ Mike，because he hadn't studied hard.We passed the exam _ Mike，we were cheerful.He is good man _ a little pride.It's too late to go out now._，it's beginning to rain.【答案】 except/apart from besides/apart from except for/apart from Besidesansweranswer forfor 对(不良后果)负责任；担保，保证；代表意见(教材 P132)Hunters in general have a lot to answeranswer forfor in terms of endangered animals.一般来说，关于濒危动物，猎人要负很大的责任。answer to sb.(for sth.) (因某事)向某人负责answer back 顶嘴，反驳in answer to. 作为对的回答make no answer 不作答，不回答We should not answer back when criticized by our parents.当父母批评我们时，我们不应顶嘴。All sales clerks answeranswer toto the store manager.所有的售货员都向商店经理负责。The doctor came at once in answer to my telephone call.医生接了我的电话后立即就来了。seizeseize vtvt. .依法没收；扣押；夺取；抓住；理解(教材 P132)Every year police seizeseize bags of tiger parts and arrest illegal hunters but sadly，many never get caught.警方每年都会缴获大量的虎制品，并逮捕非法的狩猎者，不幸的是，很多未被抓到。seize sb.by the身体部位 抓住某人的seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住时机6seize on/upon sth. 意识到某事物而立即加以利用seize hold of 抓住；握住be seized with/by. (突然)受到侵袭；得疾病The beggar seizedseized meme byby thethe armarm for begging some money.这位乞丐抓住我的胳膊要钱。I decided to seizeseize thethe opportunityopportunity to improve myself.我决定抓住这个机会提高自己。I was seized with a sudden desire to laugh out loud.我突然想要放声大笑。callcall forfor anan endend toto sth.sth.要求结束(教材 P132)To save these beautiful animals，we need to callcall forfor anan endend toto illegal hunting and improve our conservation programmes or else face a future without tigers.为了拯救这些可爱的动物，我们呼吁停止非法捕猎，并提升我们的保护措施，否则我们将面对没有老虎的未来。come to an end 结束，告终bring.to an end 使结束put.to an end 结束make ends meet 使收支平衡end (up) with/end in. 以结束；最后in the end 最后，终于(at last)at an end 结束；终止，耗尽at the end of. 在的末端，在的最后The meeting camecame toto anan endend finally after a long time of discussion.长时间的讨论之后，会议终于结束了。The holiday was atat anan endend and it was time to leave.假期结束了，是离开的时候了。We can't make ends meet this month.我们本月要透支。How does the story end up？故事是怎样结束的？onon somebody'ssomebody's behalfbehalf 代表7(教材 P132)We need to speak out onon theirtheir behalfbehalf before they disappear for good.我们需要在它们永远消失之前代表它们说出来。on one's behalf on behalf of sb. 因为某人；代表某人in one's behalf in behalf of sb. 为帮助某人They gave us a welcome onon thethe headmaster'sheadmaster's behalfbehalf.他们代表校长欢迎我们。We collected money inin behalfbehalf ofof the poor student.我们为贫困学生募捐。I made all these troubles in your(you) behalf.我是为了你才找这么多麻烦的。carrycarry offoff 掠去，夺走(教材 P132)Because the alligators live in holes that damage the farmland and sometimes carrycarry offoff farm animals.因为短吻鳄生活在毁坏农田后建造的洞穴里，有时会夺走农场的动物。carry away 带走；冲去carry sb.back to sth. 使某人回想起carry on(doing/with sth.) 继续做carry on sth. 进行/从事某事carry out 实行；执行carry sb.through 帮某人渡过难关carry sth.through 顺利实现Extensive tests have been carriedcarried outout on the patient.已对患者进行了全面检查。He carried on doing(do) the same experiment.他不停地进行同一试验。The rubbish must be carried away.垃圾必须运走。allall inin allall 总的来说8(教材 P133)Well，allall inin all,all, if we help protect these animals and spread the news about conservation，we will be doing our bit.总之，如果我们帮助保护这些动物，并传播保护动物的消息，我们将会尽一份力量in all 总共at all 根本；到底；无论如何；一点儿after all 毕竟；终究in all 总共first of all 首先，第一above all 首先，最重要的是FirstFirst ofof allall，let me say how glad I am to be here.首先我要说的是，来到这儿，我是多么高兴。What a child should do，above all，is to do well in his studies.小孩子该做的首要的事是学好功课。turnturn onon 对发怒；攻击；打开(收音机等)；(使)产生兴趣；取决于(教材 P10)Nature is turningturning onon us.大自然正在报复我们。turn off 关掉turn up 调高；出现；到来turn down 调低；拒绝turn in 转身进入；交上turn out 结果是，证明是；制造，生产；出席，在场turn over 翻过；翻转turn to 转向；求助于Once he turnedturned upup thirty minutes late for a meeting!曾经有一次他出现在会议上时已迟到 30 分钟！Could you please turn down your TV a bit?你可以把电视音量关小一点儿吗？It turned out that I knew the person who got shot.9结果我发现我认识那个中枪的人。resultresult inin 导致(教材 P10)A number of nations have already been in armed conflict over water，and reduced rainfall in the west of the US has resultedresulted inin huge forest fires.已经有几个国家因为水的问题而动武，而美国西部由于降水减少导致了森林大火。result from 因而造成as a result of 作为的结果，因为as a result 结果with the result that 结果是without result 毫无结果AsAs a a result,result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.结果，人类形成了今天仍然存在的一系列的性格类型。The terrible accident resulted from his careless driving.那桩可怕的事故是因为他的粗心驾驶造成的。meansmeans n n(单复数同形)手段；方式；方法；途径(教材 P10)People in agricultural areas，without any meansmeans to earn their living，move to the cities，and then construct shabby homes from whatever materials they can find on poor clay soil.农业地区的人口因为无法谋生而流向城市，他们在贫瘠的黏土土地上用可以找到的材料搭起破烂的房屋。by means of 用/以方法by all means 务必；一定；当然可以by no means 决不；一点儿也不by this means 用这种方法May I have one？我可以拿一个吗？Yes，byby allall means.means.当然可以。The load was lifted byby meansmeans ofof a crane.10重物是用起重机吊起来的。By no means will we forget our hometown.我们绝不会忘记我们的家乡。名师点津 (1)means“方法，方式，手段” ，其单复数同形。当 means 作主语且由 every，each 等表示单数意义的词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；由 some，several，many，few 等表示复数意义的词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。(2)当“by no means”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。明辨异同 means/way/method/means/way/method/means侧重具体的手段、工具、材料、交通工具等。常用于 by means of 短语中way既可指具体方法，也可指抽象的方法；既可指一般的方法，也可指个人独特的方法。常用于 in this/that.way，the way of doing/to do.短语中method指理论的、系统的、有条理的方法。常用于 with the method of 短语中meansmeans，wayway，methodmethodChildren are told to brush teeth with the proper _.He told me the money wasn't earned by honest _.I think this is the best _ to finish the work.【答案】 method means way.语境填词1We express our thought by means(mean) of words.2His temper's is changeable (change) this week, so do not annoy him.3. The policeman seized him by the collar.4She carried on working (work) late into the night.5. They have called for an end to the civil war.选词填空answer for； call for an end； on behalf of； carry off； all in all； turn out； result in； apart from1The accident resulted_in the death of twopassengers.2They called_for_an_end to the civil war.113He carried_off champion easily in the competition.4You will have to answer_for your crimes one day.5The English evening turned_out a great success.6He has his faults, but, all_in_all,_he is a good helper.7Apart_from the money in the drawer, I am penniless.8On_behalf_of my colleagues and myself I thank you.(教材 P8)ThisThis makesmakes_ _youryour_ _notesnotes_ _easiereasier_ _toto_ _readread whenwhen youyou looklook atat themthem later.later.这样能使你以后再看笔记时更容易辨认些。【要点提炼】 make your notes easier to read 为“make名词形容词”组成的复合结构。“make宾语宾语补足语”结构中的 make 是使役动词，意为“使做某事，使成为，使怎么样” ，有以下几种构成形式：Error!The boss mademade themthem workwork day and night.老板迫使他们日夜工作。His parents managed to make him examined(examine) in the hospital.他的父母设法让他在医院进行了检查。Experience will make him a man.经历会使他成为一个堂堂男子汉。He turned me down，which made me at a loss.他拒绝了我，这让我不知所措。名师点津 make 后接名词作宾补时，若作宾补的名词是独一无二的职位，如president，chairman，monitor，headmaster，manager，head，captain 等，则该名词前不用任何冠词。(教材 P10)TheThe_ _lastlast_ _fewfew_ _yearsyears havehave seenseen environmentalenvironmental disastersdisasters onon a a grandgrand scalescale，andand expertsexperts areare predictingpredicting farfar worseworse toto come.come.最近几年里不乏大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。【句式分析】 句中 the last few years 作主语，see 是谓语，是一种拟人化的句式，12用来增加句子的表现力。在英语中，表示时间和地点的一些名词有时候可以作主语，此时谓语动词多为“see，witness，find”等。The following year sawsaw the death of her father.第二年她爸爸去世了。The city has witnessed(witness) many changes in the last five years.这座城市见证了最近五年的许多变化。The next few years sawsaw a series of bad harvests.接下来的几年里粮食连年歉收。完成句子1我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。The news that our team had won _.2老师使得我们感到更自信了。Our teacher _.3过去两个世纪见证了中国的兴衰。_ the rise and fall of the Chinese nation.【答案】 1.made us very happy 2.makes us feel more confident 3.The last two centuries have seen