人教版英语九年级语法汇总.doc

1新目标九年级英语语法总结新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit1 1. by + doing 通过方式 如：by studying with a groupby 还可以表示：“在旁“,“靠近“,“在期间“、“用,“经过“,“乘车“等如：如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock.The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论如：如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：如：What/ How about going shopping?Why don't you + do sth.? 如：如：Why don't you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如：如：Why not go shopping? Let's + do sth. 如：如： Let's go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.? 如：如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5.tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法 三个词都与“大声“或“响亮“有关。aloud 是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud 没有比较级 形式。如如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。loud 可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与 speak, talk, laugh 等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。她让我们说大声一点。loudly 是副词,与 loud 同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。 如如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not at all 一点也不 根本不 如：I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all.我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间either 也（用于否定句）常在句末too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错 如：如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错我经常犯错。make a mistake 犯一个错误 如：如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：如：Don't laugh at me!不要取笑我不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 She enjoys playing football.她喜欢踢足球。她喜欢踢足球。enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 其中之一如：如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。她是最受欢迎的教师之一。 19. It's +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事如：如：It's difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。对于我来说学习英语太难了。句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事 如：She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。她经常练习说英语。 21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。 22. unless 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句如：如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。假如你不努力你会失败。I won't write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写除非他先写要不我不写 23. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事如：如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。 25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如：如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。我对她生气。 26. perhaps = maybe 也许 27. go by (时间) 过去 如：如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。两年过去了。 28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如：如：如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。她看见他正在教室里画画。 29. each other 彼此 30. regard as 把看作为. 如： The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many 许多 修饰可数名词 如：too many girls too much 许多 修饰不可数名词 如：too much milkmuch too 太 修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful 32. change into 将变为 如：如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。 33. with the help of sb. = with one's help 在某人的帮助下如：如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下在李雷的帮助下 34. compare to 把与相比 如：如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。 35. instead 代替 用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来）2instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，动词 如：如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I'm going to Shanghai instead. 去年夏天我去北京去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。今年我将要去上海。 I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。我将代替你去。 He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。他呆在家里而不是去游泳。新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit21. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事否定形式： didn't use to do sth. / used not to do sth. 如：如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。放学后他过去常常踢足球。Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.He didn't use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句肯定陈述句否定提问 如：如：Lily is a student, isn't she?Lily will go to China, won't she?否定陈述句肯定提问 如：如：She doesn't come from China, does she? You haven't finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn't she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等。其反意 疑问句用肯定式。 如： He knows little English, does he? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？他们几乎不明白，不是吗？ 3. play the piano 弹钢琴 4. be interested in sth. 对感兴趣 be interested in doing sth. 对做感兴趣如：如：He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他对数学感他对数学感 兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。 5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物 6. still 仍然，还 用在 be 动词的后面 如：如：I'm still a student.用在行为动词的前面 如：如：I still love him. 7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗 8. 害怕 be terrified of sth. 如：如：I am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth. 如：如：I am terrified of speaking. 9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开， 其反义词 off. with the light on 灯开着灯开着 10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校 11. spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间“spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）spenddoing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事 如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着他花费太多的时间在衣着 He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。他花费了三个月去建这座桥。Pay for 花费 如：如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了我花了 10 元买这本书。元买这本书。 12. take 动词 有“花费“的意思 常用的结构有：take sb. to do sth. 如：如：It takes me a day to read the book. take to do sth. 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 如：如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。我喜欢和他聊天。 14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事 worry 是动词be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 worried 是形容词 如：如：Don't worry about him. 不用担心他。不用担心他。Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。妈妈担心他的儿子。 15. all the time 一直、始终 16. take sb. to + 地方 送/带某人去某个地方 如：A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。一个人把他送到了医院。Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用的前面不能用 to) 17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义 动词之前 助动词/情态动词hardlyhardly + 实义动词 如：I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。我几乎不能够明白他们。I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。我几乎没有时间去做了。 18. miss v. 思念、想念、 错过 19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内 常与完成时连用 如： I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。在过去的几年内我在中国住。 20. be different from 与不同 21. how to swim 怎样游泳 不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和 what, which, how, where, when 等引导 的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如：The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。问题是什么时候开始。I don't know where to go. 我不知道去哪。我不知道去哪。 22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happymake sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh 23. move to +地方 搬到某地 如：如：I moved to Beijing last year. 24. it seems that +从句 看起来好像 如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。看起来他好像变了许多。 25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事 She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。她帮助我学英语。 She helped me (to) study English。 她帮助我学习英语。她帮助我学习英语。 26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 15 岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指 15 岁的人fifteen years old 指年龄 15 岁 如：a fifteen-year-old boy 一个 15 岁的男孩3Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15 岁的人喜欢唱歌。岁的人喜欢唱歌。 I am fifteen years old . 我是我是 15 岁。岁。 27.支付不起 can't /couldn't afford to do sth.can't / couldn't afford sth.如：如：I can't/couldn't afford to buy the car.I can't/couldn't afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。我买不起这个辆小车。 28. as + 形容词./副词as sb. could/can 尽某人的能力 如：Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。她尽她最快的能力去跑。 29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 30. in the end 最后 31. make a decision 下决定 下决心 32. to one's surprise 令某人惊讶 如： to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLei's surprise 令李雷惊讶令李雷惊讶 33. take pride in sth. 以而自豪 如：His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪他的爸爸总是以他而自豪 34. pay attention to sth. 对注意，留心 如：You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。你应该多注意你的朋友。 35. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如：如：She is able to do it. 她能够做到。她能够做到。 36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 如：My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。 37.不再 no more = no longer 如：如： I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。我不再打网球。not any more = not any longer 如：I don't play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。我不再打网球。 38. go to sleep 入睡新目标九年级英语语法总结新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit3 1.语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的构成由“助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词“构成助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与 be 作为连系动词时完全一样。 时态被动语态结构例句 一般 现在时am are +过去分词 is English is spoken in many countries.一般 过去时was +过去分词 were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态 动 词can/should may +be+过去分词 must/The work must be done right now.被动语态的用法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强 调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。莉莉被允许去钦州。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词)have sth. done 如：如：I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车我让别人修好我的车 4. enough 足够 形容词enough 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮enough名词 如：enough food 足够食物enough to 足够去做 如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。我有足够的钱去北京。She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。她够大去读书了。 5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。请停止说话。 stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak.请停下来说话。请停下来说话。 6. 看起来好像sb. seem to do sth. He seems to feel very sad. it seems that +从句 It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。他看起来好像很伤心。7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept 等。连系动词除 be 和 become 等少数 词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。 如：They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired. 8. 倒装句: 由 so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语 意为：也是一样She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生，我也是。她是一个学生，我也是。She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是她刚才去学校了，我也是She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校，他也是。她将去学校，他也是。 9. yet 仍然，还 常用在否定句或疑问句当中 10. stay up 熬夜如：如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到我经常熬夜到 12 点。点。 11. clean up 打扫 整理 如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。我已经打扫完了卧室。 12. 程度副词：4always 总是 usually 经常 sometimes 有时 never 从不 如：如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.我总是我总是/经常经常/有时有时/从不上学迟到。从不上学迟到。 13. 曾经做某事： Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don't.Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven't. 14. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步) 15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉 如：Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。16. take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败 17. the other day 前几天 18. agree 同意 反义词 disagree 不同意 动词agreement 同意 反义词 disagreement 不同意 名词 18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词 使某人/某物保持. 如：We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。我们应该保持我们的城市干净。 19. bothand +动词复数形式 如：如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball. 20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语 21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事如：如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing. 22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少 at most 最多 24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , paysth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan.sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book.sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：如：have 2 days off 26. reply to 答复某人 如：如：She replayed to MrGreen. 27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：如：I agree to LiLei. 28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。 29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与 think of 的区别 当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。我经常想起那天。think about 还有“考虑“之意 ，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。最后他想出了一个好主意。We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。我们正在考虑去钦州。 31. 对 热衷， 对兴趣 be serious about doing 如：如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。她对跳舞热衷。 be serious about sth. 如：如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。她对他感兴趣。 32. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking English. 33. care about sb. 关心某人 如：如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中either 也 用于否定句且用于句末too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末I am also a student. 我也是一个学生我也是一个学生I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。我也是一个学生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。我也不是一个学生。新目标九年级英语语法总结新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit4 1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人 对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说 话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如 果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为： 句 型 条件从句 主 句 谓语动词形式 动词过去式(be 动词用 were) would+动词原形即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were), 一般过去时 (主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时如：如：If I had time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间，我就会去散步。如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间事实上我现在没有时间)If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你事实上我不是你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会假如有人请我当电影演员，我会 表示拒绝。表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员) 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now.pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义如：如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的 修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义 如：如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。他没有几个朋友。 5There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。在瓶子里没有多少糖。 5. still 仍然,还 用在 be 动词之后，行为动词之前 如：I am still a student.我仍然是个学生我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。我仍然爱他。 6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或 several 一词时要不能加 s ，反之，则要加 s 并与 of 连用， 表示数量很 多 如：如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树上百棵树 7. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如：What if she doesn't come? 要是她不来怎么办？要是她不来怎么办？What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？如果李雷知道了怎么办？ 8. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如：I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。我把糖添加到水里。 9. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好 10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如：I'm too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。我太累了而不能站。 11. help with sth. 如：如：They help with this problem.help sb. do. 如：如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松他们帮助你放松 12. in public 在公共场所 如: Don't smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。请不要在公共场所吸烟。 13. energetic adj. 活力的 如：如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。她是一个活力的女孩。energy n. 活力 如：如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。她有活力。 14. ask sb. to do 叫做某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事