精品解析：2023年江苏省常州市正衡中学中考一模英语试题（解析版）.docx

常州市正衡中学2022-2023学年九年级英语学习情况调查（一模 2023.5）一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）从 A、 B、 C、D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。1. _ Changzhou you see today is quite _ different city from the one that it used to be.A. The; /B. /; theC. The; aD. A; a【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你今天看见的常州和过去大不相同。考查冠词。由“you see today”可知，是特指，故第一空填the；由“different city”可知，泛指一个不同的城市，故第二空填a。故选C。2. Junior high school days are over and its hard to _ our dear teachers and friends.A. separate fromB. deal withC. believe inD. depend on【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：初中时代结束了，很难与我们亲爱的老师和朋友分开。考查动词短语辨析。separate from与分开；deal with处理；believe in信任；depend on依赖。根据“its hard to our dear teachers and friends”可知，很难与初中的老师和朋友分开，故选A。3. What do you think of Helen? Indeed she has a serious face, but she is very _ at heart.A. selfishB. patientC. humorousD. generous【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你觉得Helen怎么样？她确实有一张严肃的脸，但她内心很幽默。考查形容词辨析。selfish自私的；patient耐心的；humorous幽默的；generous慷慨的。根据“Indeed she has a serious face”及but可知，表面很严肃，内心很幽默，故选C。4. It is a good idea to experience life _ the school by volunteering. Take an active part in it, and you will make a difference to the world.A. aboveB. beyondC. overD. against【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：通过志愿服务体验学校以外的生活是个好主意。积极参与其中，你将改变世界。考查介词的用法。above在上方；beyond在之外；over在上方；against倚着。根据“life.the school by volunteering”可知是学校之外的生活。故选B。5. A robot served us dinner last night. Dont you think we are living in amazing times? I cant agree more. The _ makes our lives easier and happier.A. informationB. technologyC. discoveryD. competition【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：昨晚一个机器人为我们提供晚餐。你不觉得我们生活在一个令人惊奇的时代吗？ 我非常同意。科技使我们的生活更轻松、更快乐。考查名词。information信息；technology科技；discovery发现；competition竞赛。根据上文A robot served us dinner last night可知，科技的进步让人们的生活更轻松和快乐了。B选项符合句意，故选B。6. How do you find your classmates? Most are kind, but _ of them is good to me as Cathy.A. noneB. no oneC. someoneD. everyone【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你觉得你的同学怎么样？大多数人都很善良，但没有一个像凯茜那样对我好。考查不定代词。none（三者或三者以上）都不，通常与表范围的of短语连用；no one没人，不能与of短语连用；someone某人；everyone每人；上文“ Most are kind”大多数人都很善良，根据but表示句意转折， 可知此处指“但是没有一个像凯茜那样对我好”，排除C和D；空格后接of短语，排除B。故选A。7. Do you like the movie _ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?Sure. I think no movie is _ than it.A. that; more touchingB. what; less touchingC. that; more touchedD. which; less touched【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你喜欢长津湖这部电影吗？当然。我认为没有哪部电影比它更感人了。考查定语从句和形容词辨析。第一处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，排除B。touching感人的；touched感动的。此处修饰电影，用ing结尾的形容词，排除CD。故选A。8. Fathers Day is coming. Im thinking about _.A. what present I gave my fatherB. if I planned a party for my fatherC. how I can give my father a surpriseD. where will my father and I have a big meal【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：父亲节快到了。我正在考虑如何给我父亲一个惊喜。考查宾语从句。根据“Im thinking about ”及选项可知此处是宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，故排除选项D；根据“Fathers Day is coming.”可知父亲节还没到，选项A和B为一般过去时，不符合题意。故选C。9. Harvey, I hear that Nick came first again in the exam.Its not surprise. _. He learns most carefully in our class.A. No pain, no gainB. Every dog has its dayC. Many hands make light workD. Actions speak louder than word【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：哈维，我听说尼克在考试中再次获得第一名。这并不奇怪。一份耕耘，一份收获。他在我们班学习最认真。考查谚语。No pain, no gain一分耕耘，一份收获；Every dog has its day凡人皆有得意日；Many hands make light work众人拾柴火焰高；Actions speak louder than word行动胜于雄辩。根据“He learns most carefully in our class.”可知，此处指尼克很努力，No pain, no gain“一分耕耘，一份收获”符合语境。故选A。10. I honestly dont think Im going to be accepted by the league.Well, _! You may have made a better impression than you think.A. you never knowB. I told youC. not a chanceD. what a pity【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：老实说，我不认为我会被联盟接受。好吧，很难说！你可能给人留下的印象比你想象的要好。考查交际用语。you never know很难说；I told you我告诉过你；not a chance没有机会；what a pity真可惜。根据“You may have made a better impression than you think.”可知你可能给人留下的印象比你想象的要好，因此是很难说，表示安慰。故选A。二、完形填空（共12小题;每小题1分,满分12分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。Youre at your new school. It is lunch time, but you dont have anyone to sit with. You want to join someone at their table, but you are not sure if they are friendly. What do you do? Natalies _11_ of solving the problem was to create an app. She knows what it feels like to be alone at a new school. She found it difficult to make new friends and had to _12_ a new table at lunch every day. If she sat by herself, she felt _13_. But if she asked to join someone and was _14_, she felt embarrassed (尴尬的). She created a lunch-planning app to help students like her find people to have lunch with.The appcalled Sit with Usis _15_. If a student is having lunch, he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the app and _16_ that invitation. They can then use the app to decide when and where to _17_. This allows students to make _18_ online instead of face-to-face. This is the reason why it works so well: _19_ the risk of being refused, and the embarrassment that goes along with it.Natalie is happy to see that people are replying to her app actively_20_ those who suffer from bullying (遭受欺凌). Soon after she made her app available to the public, she won a prize for it. She also appeared in many news stories.Natalie was even asked to speak at a university. In her _21_, Natalie wanted people to know that you dont have to do something _22_ to change lives. Sometimes, a small thinglike having a friend to enjoy lunch withcan make all the difference.11. A. habitB. courseC. methodD. question12. A. search forB. fix upC. give outD. get away from13. A. stressedB. nervousC. lonelyD. pleasant14. A. calledB. refusedC. discussedD. believed15. A. cheapB. simpleC. privateD. noisy16. A. missB. makeC. sendD. accept17. A. stopB. studyC. meetD. exercise18. A. plansB. troubleC. reportsD. dinner19. A. increasesB. avoidsC. addsD. takes20. A. probablyB. exactlyC. especiallyD. mainly21. A. bookB. talkC. schoolD. picture22. A. bigB. newC. similarD. enjoyable【答案】11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. B 22. A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了娜塔莉开发了一款app，让像她这样害羞的人在app上可以发出一起吃午饭的邀请，其他人可以选择是否接受邀请。【11题详解】句意：娜塔莉解决这个问题的方法是创建一个应用程序。habit习惯；course课程；method方法；question问题。根据“solving the problem was to create an app”可知是解决问题的方法。故选C。【12题详解】句意：她发现很难结交新朋友，每天午饭时都要找一张新桌子。search for寻找；fix up修理；give out分发；get away from摆脱。根据“a new table at lunch every day.”可知是每天要寻找一张新桌子吃午饭。故选A。【13题详解】句意：如果她一个人坐着，她会感到孤独。stressed有压力的；nervous紧张的；lonely孤独的；pleasant令人愉快的。根据“If she sat by herself, she felt”可知一个人坐着会感到孤独。故选C。【14题详解】句意：但如果她要求加入某个人，但被拒绝了，她会感到尴尬。called打电话；refused拒绝；discussed讨论；believed相信。根据“she felt embarrassed”可知被别人拒绝会感到尴尬。故选B。【15题详解】句意：名为Sit with Us的应用程序很简单。cheap便宜的；simple简单的；private私人的；noisy吵闹的。根据“If a student is having lunch, he or she can create an invitation.”以及上下文的语境可知，这款app很简单。故选B。【16题详解】句意：其他学生可以打开应用程序并接受邀请。miss想念；make制作；send发送；accept接受。根据“he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the app and.that invitation”可知有人创建邀请，其他学生可以接受邀请。故选D。【17题详解】句意：然后，他们可以使用该应用程序来决定何时何地会面。stop停止；study学习；meet遇见；exercise练习。根据“use the app to decide when and where to”可知是决定何时何地见面。故选C。【18题详解】句意：这使得学生可以在网上而不是面对面地制定计划。plans计划；trouble麻烦；reports报道；dinner晚饭。根据“make.online instead of face-to-face”可知是在网上制定计划。故选A。【19题详解】句意：这就是它如此有效的原因：避免了被拒绝的风险，以及随之而来的尴尬。increases增加；avoids避免；adds添加；takes带走。根据“the risk of being refused”可知是避免被拒绝的风险。故选B。【20题详解】句意：娜塔莉很高兴看到人们积极回复她应用程序，尤其是那些遭受欺凌的人。probably可能；exactly确切地；especially尤其；mainly主要地。根据“those who suffer from bullying”可知这个app对于那些遭受欺凌的人尤其有用。故选C。【21题详解】句意：在她的演讲中，娜塔莉想让人们知道，你不必做什么大事来改变生活。book书；talk谈话；school学校；picture图片。根据“Natalie was even asked to speak at a university”可知是在她的演讲中。故选B。【22题详解】句意：在她的演讲中，娜塔莉想让人们知道，你不必做什么大事来改变生活。big大的；new新的；similar相似的；enjoyable愉快的。根据“Sometimes, a small thinglike having a friend to enjoy lunch withcan make all the difference.”可知是不需要什么大事来改变生活，一件小事有时也可以改变生活。故选A。三、阅读理解（共14小题:每小题2分,满分28分）阅读下面短文,然后从各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。AThe book festival is coming!Do you have any books you don't want?Your old love may be someone's new favorite.Bring one book to the Town Library & exchange（交换）a book with each other!When & How:March 2March 14Bring one book for one book festival card.March 16March 31Bring one card for one book you like to read.What books:All kinds of books EXCEPT school books, comic books（连环画）, and dictionaries.Notice: Your book must be in good shape, without any pages missing. Your book must be clean, and nothing is written on it.Follow us on https:/Town Library. com for more.23. Why is the book festival held?A. To sell second-hand books.B. To know what books are popular.C. To exchange books with others.D. To tell people how to choose books.24. Amy is preparing books for the book festival. Which might be a right choice?A. A comic book.B. A Chinese storybook.C. A school book.D. An English dictionary.25. Where does the text probably come from?A. A diary.B. A storybook.C. A guidebook.D. A website.【答案】23 C 24. B 25. D【解析】【分析】本文是网站上的一则广告，介绍了一个图书交换活动。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Bring one book to the Town Library & exchange（交换）a book with each other!”可知，提倡大家带一本书到城市图书馆，互相交换书，这是举办的目的。故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“What books: All kinds of books EXCEPT school books, comic books（连环画）, and dictionaries.”可知，可以带的书不包括学校的书本，连环画和字典。那么一本中国的故事书是很好的选择。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据“Follow us on https:/Town Library. com for more.”可知，这篇文章可能来自一家网站。故选D。BAbout 50 percent of food in the US is wasted. Wasted food produces gas that will cause global warming, and brings other problems like energy emergency. To reduce food waste, people in the food packaging industry are working to develop products for longer shelf life.Jonathan Deutsch, a professor of food science, says, “All food packaging is designed to explain the contents, protect the quality, and make sure the safety of the product.” When packaging keeps food safe and fresh for a longer time, less waste happens.Making food last longer is not easy because different foods need different packaging. Fats, for example, change when meeting air and light. Thats why fatty foods, like potato chips, are always kept in packages which light cant get through. And cookies are afraid of getting wet. Keeping those snacks in a fully closed package will help them stay fresh and tasty longer.Packaging can extend shelf life by keeping out gases in the air, like oxygen. Oxygen causes problems for many different foods. So many food packages are designed to solve the air problem. Vacuum-sealed(真空封闭的) packaging takes off any oxygen between the food and packaging, which can increase shelf life from a few days to a few weeks. Modified atmosphere packaging(气调包装) is another solution. Unlike vacuum-sealed packaging which takes off as much air as possible, this packaging replaces the air with a right mixture of gases. Red meat needs some oxygen to keep its colour, but too much oxygen can make it go bad. This kind of packaging can extend shelf life while keeping the products colour.While packaging can help reduce food waste, people also need to consider the environmental influence of the packaging itself. Scientists are working to develop more proper materials. And more people get to know the importance of reducing food waste. “Unlike many of the challenges we face right now on our planet,” said Shukla from Food & Wine magazine, “Food waste is something that every single person can do something about.”26. In Paragraph 3, the writer mentioned potato chips and cookies to _.A. explain food must be kept without lightB. explain packaging depends on the food typeC. show wasted food is bad for the environment.D. show food goes bad quickly when getting wet27. What can we learn from the passage?A. Packages are designed to keep oxygen inside.B. Vacuum-sealed packaging is used to package red meat.C. The materials of packages are friendly to the environment.D. Modified atmosphere packaging mixes air properly in packages.28. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. How to Package FoodB. Creative Packaging DesignsC. Food Waste: Causes and SolutionsD. Packaging: A Way to Fight Food Waste【答案】26. B 27. D 28. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了食品包装可以有效防止食物浪费。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据该段首句“Making food last longer is not easy because different foods need different packaging.”可知，让食物更持久并不容易，因为不同的食物需要不同的包装。所以后文举例是为了说明包装取决于食物类型，故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Modified atmosphere packaging is another solution. Unlike vacuum-sealed packaging which takes off as much air as possible, this packaging replaces the air with a right mixture of gases.”可知气调包装与尽可能多地排出空气的真空密封包装不同，它用合适的气体混合物代替空气。即气调包装将空气适当地混合在包装中，故选D。【28题详解】最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述了食品包装可以有效防止食物浪费。最佳标题是“包装：一种对抗食物浪费的方法”，故选D。CSweden is Northern Europes largest country. Known for its natural beauty, Sweden is also home to Stockholm, the capital city made up of 14 islands. Here are several interesting facts about this Land of the Midnight Sun.People in Sweden can enjoy only a few hours of light in winter. Or if people live above the Arctic Circle, none at all. To keep safe in the dark, Swedes have different ways of seeing and being seen. Many places are lighted with high-powered spotlights, and kids wear reflectors sewn onto their clothes. Drivers keep their eyes open because they know children will be outside in the dark.Being close to the Arctic Circle also means months of ice. Ice is especially good for sparking, which is both a form of transportation and a fun choice for walking. “Spark” means “kick” in Swedish, which is what a person does-kicks the spark along the ice while holding onto the back of the little seat and standing on one blade.When it comes to waste management, Sweden is ahead of its time. Swedes recycle nearly 50% of what they throw away. What about the other half? This is what makes Sweden different from the rest of the world: the waste goes to a power station where it is burned and changed into energy. In 2016, Sweden even began bringing waste from other countries. In this way, Sweden gets 100 million dollars every year.Want to know more? Head over to http:/www.go-to-.29. How many aspects does the writer tell us about Sweden?A One.B. Three.C. Five.D. Seven.30. According to the passage, which of the following may be “sparking”?A. B. C. D. 31. Which information about Sweden is TRUE?A. The Land of Midnight Sun is Stockholm.B. People enjoy the sunshine the whole year.C. Sweden benefits from waste management.D. Drivers wear special clothes to be seen well.32. The main purpose of this passage is to _.A. encourage people to visit SwedenB. tell Swedish ways of recycling wasteC. show the writers love for SwedenD. share something spec