高中英语2024届高考作文必背素材（词汇+句型+范文）（公益事业+创新与创业+生命意义与价值）.doc

高考英语作文必背素材一、公益事业【词汇】一、写作词汇第一组1.charity n.慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业2.sponsor n.赞助者 vt.赞助3.raise vt.提高；筹集4.grab (grabbed，grabbed) v.抓住；攫取 n.抓取；抢夺5.membership n.会员身份；全体会员；会员人数6.shelter n.庇护；避难所 vt.保护；使掩蔽 vi.躲避，避难7.entry n.加入；进入；参与8.humanistic adj.人文主义的humanity n.人性；人道；(统称)人类9.influential adj.有很大影响力的influence n.影响 vt.影响；对起作用10.be worthy of 值得11.take charge of 负责12.be faced with面对，面临13.do charitable work做慈善工作14.hand out分发；施舍15.non-profit organization 非营利组织第二组16.contribute v.贡献；捐献；投稿contribution n.贡献17.donate v.捐赠；赠送18.offer v.(主动)提供19.operation n.操作；运转；经营；企业；手术20.platform n.C平台；讲台；戏台；站台21.privilege n.特权，优待，优惠22.purchase n.购买；购买的物品 vt.买；购买；换得23.security n.安全；保护措施；安全工作；担保24.serve v.服务，服役service n.服务25.volunteer n.C志愿者；自愿者 vt.& vi.自愿(做某事)；主动建议voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的26.participate in 参与，参加27.in need 在困难中；在危急中 28.get through 完成；接通电话；顺利通过29.make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用30.rid.of.使免除；使摆脱二、阅读词汇第三组31.scheme n.方案；计划32.reputation n.名誉；名声33.ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n.容易；舒适；自在34.reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的35.nervous adj.神经的；紧张不安的36.faithful adj.忠实的，忠诚的37.concerned adj.有关的；关心的38.cooperative adj.合作的；合作性的39.in return 作为报答40.all of a sudden突然，猛地41.in trouble 处于不幸中；处于困难中e across 偶遇；无意中发现43.give sb a hand/do sb a favor帮某人一个忙44.in place 在适当的位置；适当45.help sb to ones feet帮助某人站起身来【句型】1.Volunteers raise money to help children who have difficulty paying their tuition fees in mountainous areas.志愿者们筹集资金帮助山区那些交不起学费的孩子们。2.Between a mountain and a river was a rescue station which aims to offer help to animals in the nearby area.在一座山和一条河之间是救援站，它旨在为附近地区的动物提供帮助。3.Some people think we should give money to the poor，while others think we should teach them how to make a living.一些人认为我们应该给穷人钱，而另一些人认为我们应该教他们如何谋生。4.Now that you have a strong desire to set up the charity，we might as well work together to realize it.既然你有成立这个慈善机构的强烈愿望，我们不妨共同努力去实现它。5.Not only can voluntary organizations help those in need，but they can also give us a good opportunity to experience a new kind of life.志愿组织不仅可以帮助那些有需要的人，而且还可以给我们一个很好的机会去体验一种新的生活。6.In order to enrich our after-class activities，our school planned to go to a local charity to offer services.为了丰富我们的课外活动，我们学校计划去当地的一家慈善机构提供服务。【范文】你校英文报“Student Life”专栏就周末志愿者活动面向全体同学征集建议，请你投稿，内容包括：1.推荐一个活动项目；2.具体活动内容；3.推荐理由。注意：词数80左右。范文必背Volunteer work presents us with a great opportunity for our future development.Among so many volunteer activities，I strongly recommend volunteering in the nursing home.We can spend weekends in the local nursing community，offering help like doing some cleaning，or chatting with the elderly so that they wont feel lonely. Such an activity can provide us students with a chance to take part in social activities and help those in need.More importantly，it is a way for students to learn to respect the old and show concern for others.二、创新与创业【词汇】一、写作词汇第一组1.novel adj.新奇的；异常的n.小说2.innovation n.新发明，新方法，新观念；革新，创新innovative adj.革新的，创新的；新颖的；有创新精神的innovate vi.& vt. 创新；改革；革新3.revolution n.彻底变革，革命revolutionary adj.革命的；发生；大变革的4.improvement n.改善，改进；改进之处5.scientific adj.科学(上)的science n.科学；技术；学科；理科scientist n.科学家6.invent vt.发明；创造invention n.发明；发明物inventor n.发明家；创造者7.emerge vi.出现，浮现emergence n.出现，浮现；发生；露头8.theoretical adj.理论的theoretically adv.理论地；理论上theory n.理论；原理9.prosperous adj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的prosperously adv.繁荣地；幸运地prosperity n.繁荣，成功10.productive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的production n.生产；产量produce vt.生产；引起；创作；繁殖 n.农产品，产品11.well­being n.健康，幸福，舒适12.craftsmanship n.手艺；工艺；技艺13.device n.设备，装置14.earn a living 谋生 15.set up 建立；创建；装配好；安排；策划第二组16.craft n.手艺；工艺；技艺17.department n.C(医院、大学、公司、政府等)科；系；部18.establish vt.创立19.guidance n.U指导；引导；咨询；导航20.motivate vt.使有动力；激发；激励21.update vt.更新；使现代化 n.C最新信息；最新情况；更新22.budget n.预算23.decline vi.减少，降低24.outcome n.结果，后果25.subjective adj.主观的 26.groundwork n.基础工作，准备工作27.labour­saving adj.节省劳力的28.candidate n.候选人；应试者；被认定合适者29.propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)30.profile n.概述；形象；侧面轮廓 vt.概述，写简介二、阅读词汇第三组31.launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事32.perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉33.clerk n.职员，文书 vi.当职员(或文书，书记员)34.receipt n.收到的款项，收入；收据35.regulate vt.& vi.控制，管理regulation n.管理；规则；校准36.evaluation n.评估，评价37.available adj.可获得的；可购得的38.accuracy n.准确性；精准度；正确，准确accurate adj.正确的，准确的39.over and over again反复；多次40.get used to doing sth习惯于做某事41.be eager to do sth渴望做某事42.be supposed to应该43.break new ground开辟新的领域；有新发现44.by trial and error反复试验(以得出最佳结果)45.swing into action立即行动起来；马上大干起来 【句型】1.Compared with modern communication，writing letters has more advantages.与现代通信相比，写信有更多的优点。2.If you had taken my advice，you would not have made so many mistakes in your work.你要是听了我的劝告就不会在工作中犯这么多错误了。3.This will force you to get work done earlier in the morning，and make it harder to skip sleep to get things finished.这将迫使你在早上提前把工作完成，从而使你要熬夜工作的概率降低。4.Whether you can become a successful journalist depends on whether you work hard enough.你能否成为一名成功的记者取决于你是否足够努力。5.Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.汤姆如此专心于工作，结果忘了通知我开会的时间。【范文】随着互联网的发展和普及，网络购物在中国变得越来越普遍，甚至已经成为人们日常生活的一部分。请写一篇短文，谈谈网上购物的利与弊。注意：词数80左右(开头已给出)。范文必背 With the development of the Internet，shopping online is becoming more and more popular in our daily life.But I think it has both advantages and disadvantages.Shopping online has a lot of advantages，of which the most important is its convenience.People can buy almost everything they need and dont have to waste a lot of energy and precious time going from one shop to another to choose the goods they like.However，it also has its disadvantages.First of all，people cant see the goods or try them on personally.Sometimes，the real goods may not be the same as what they have been seen on the Internet.Additionally，some shops on the Internet are not registered.Therefore，people may be cheated.三、生命意义与价值【词汇】一、写作词汇第一组1.target n.目标2.sacrifice n.牺牲3.supply n.供应，供给4.style n.方式，特点5.frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的6.self­pity n.自怜；自哀7.passive adj.被动的；顺从的8.previous adj.以前的，先前的9.addict n.对着迷的人10.leadership n.领导；领导地位11.charity n.慈善机构，慈善团体12.optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的13.carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关14.in despair处于绝望中15.make a commitment to.对作出承诺第二组16.convince vt.使信服；使相信convinced adj.确信的；坚信的convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的17.valuable adj.宝贵的，贵重的18.easy­going adj.随和的；温和宽容的19.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的generosity n.U慷慨；大方20.livelihood n.生计；谋生21.selfless adj.无私的；忘我的22.appreciative adj.感激的23.warm­hearted adj.热心肠的24.guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的25.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应response n.响应；反应；回答26.retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出27.inspire vt.鼓励，激励28.attractive adj.有吸引力的29.in memory of作为对的纪念30.apply oneself to sth努力/专心致志于某事 二、阅读词汇第三组31.colleague n.同事；同僚32.definitely adv.确切地，肯定地33.principle n.道德原则；法则；原则34.disciplined adj.遵守纪律的35.contact n.联系，联络 vt.联系(某人)36.leisure n.空闲，闲暇，业余时间37.tension n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑38.challenging adj.富有挑战性的39.defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的40.fashionable adj.流行的；时髦的41.stressed adj.焦虑的，紧张的42.tough adj.困难的，难办的43.moral dilemma道德困境44.in person亲自45.get ahead取得进步，获得成功【句型】1.Devoted to what he does no matter how boring it is，he sets a good example to us.不管他做的事情多么无聊，他都尽心尽力，为我们树立了一个好榜样。2.No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.无论一份工作多么普通，它在社会中都发挥着作用，因此值得我们尊重。3.He would rather sacrifice his life than see damage done to state property.他宁可牺牲自己的生命，也不肯看到国家财产受到损失。4.From this voluntary activity，not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience.通过这次志愿活动，我不仅开阔了视野，而且获得了宝贵的经验。5.Only by comparing ourselves with others can we know the aspects we are weak in，and then well make efforts to improve ourselves to a higher level.只有通过将自己与他人进行比较我们才能知道自己薄弱的地方，然后我们就会努力将自己提升到一个更高的水平。【范文】请根据以下内容写一篇文章介绍中国科学家潘建伟。1.1970年3月生， 浙江东阳人。1999年获奥地利维也纳大学实验物理博士学位。潘建伟教授主要从事量子通信等方面的研究。2.他是该领域有重要国际影响力的科学家， 并且取得了一系列有重要意义的研究成果。他获得“改革先锋”等称号。3.他对世界保持着孩童般的好奇， 一心做研究， 保持与名利的距离。他站在世界的最前沿， 和宇宙对话， 做前无古人的事业。注意：词数80左右。参考词汇： 量子通信quantum communication; 维也纳Vienna范文必背Pan Jianwei was born in Dongyang，Zhejiang Province in March 1970.In 1999，he received his doctor's degree in experimental physics from the University of Vienna，Austria.Professor Pan Jianwei is so engaged in the research of quantum communication that he is an internationally influential scientist in this field and has achieved a series of significant research results.He received such titles as “pioneer of reform”.He keeps childlike curiosity about the world，devotes himself to research，and keeps his distance from fame and fortune.He stands in the front row of the world，talking to the universe，and doing things that no one has done before.6