图式理论在高中英语阅读教学中的应用_冯春改.docx
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1、 原创性声明 本人郑重承诺:所呈交的硕士学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和 取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了文中己经注明引用的内容外,本论文不包含其他个 人或集体己经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体, 均己在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 论文作者签名 : 日期: 7 / /月 ) 曰 关于论文使用授权的说明 学位论文作者完全了解渤海大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:研宄生在 校攻读学位期间进行论文工作的知识产权单位属于渤海大学。渤海大学有权保留并向 国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘,允许学位论文被查阅和借阅。本文作
2、 者授权渤海大学可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内容,可以将学位论文的全部或部分 内容编入有关数据库并进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印、扫描或其它复制手段保存、 汇编学位论文 (保密的学位论文在解密后遵守此规定 )。 保密 ,在 _ 年解密后适用本授权书。 本论文属于 不保密 DZI,适用本授权书。 (请在 内打 “ V ” ) 论文作者签名 : 指导教师签名 : 曰 期 : 年 仍 日 日 期 : The Application of Schema Theory to English Reading Teaching in Senior High School BY Feng Chungai Pro
3、f.Wang Aili, Supervisor A Thesis Submitted to College of Foreign Languages In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of M.Ed. in Curriculum and Teaching At Bohai University June, 2014 List of abbreviations ESL English as a second language EFL English as a foreign language NMET the Na
4、tional Matriculation English Test CC Control class EC Experimental class M Mean N Number SD Standard deviation SPSS Statistical package for social sciences Abstract Reading is not only the content but also the tool of study for senior high school students. It is well known that reading is the most i
5、mportant of five skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing and translating/interpreting. It is also a significant way for students to acquire knowledge and information. The New Curriculum Standard for Senior High English has improved the requirement towards students9 reading ability, inclu
6、ding the ability of getting and dealing with the main information from general articles; understanding the gist and author intention and reasoning the tendency through clues in the article and so on. To improve reading ability, students are required to have higher language level, develop good readin
7、g habits and master skilled reading skills. In traditional English reading teaching in senior high school, teachers translate the texts word by word and sentence by sentence, which are called Grammar-Translation method. However, teachers seldom instruct students to learn background knowledge or disc
8、ourse structure and train their reading skills in class. Due to these defects, students are too dependent on teachers explanation or dictionary to understand the passage wholly, thoroughly or completely. Taking advantage of related knowledge about Schema Theory, students can understand the target pa
9、ssage in the process of cultural additional. They can speculate the meaning of words and phrases based on the context, judge the topic of one article in view of the background knowledge and analyze the type of the reading text with the help of genre and structure. In the light of Schema Theory, read
10、ing is divided into three stages: pre-reading, while-reading and post-reading. The purpose of pre-reading activities is to activate the existing schemata; the while-reading is to establish and enrich new schemata and post-reading is to consolidate and strengthen the built schemata. Based on the basi
11、s of expounding the related theories and researches of the Schema Theory and reading teaching, the thesis is to explore the influence of the application of Schema Theory to reading teaching in senior high school. The paper focuses on the following questions: Firstly, what are the problems that stude
12、nts are faced with in reading under the traditional reading teaching method? Secondly, can the application of Schema Theory improve students reading ability? Thirdly, if Schema Theory can improve students9 reading ability, how to apply the Schema Theory to promote students9 English reading ability e
13、ffectively? The subjects of the study are 93 students of Grade Two from Weixian No. 2 middle school in Hebei Province. The author combines the qualitative with quantitative research methods to make questionnaires, tests and interview in the two classes. And then software SPSS is used to analyze the
14、experimental results in detail. The research results indicate that the senior high school students are faced with a trouble. On one hand, reading plays an important role in English learning, but on the other hand, students do not have much interest in reading together with the bad reading habits and
15、 inexpert reading strategies. The schema-oriented teaching method can improve students9 reading ability and reading interests effectively. To enhance the reading ability, students are supposed to activate the existing schema first, then construct and enrich new schema and finally consolidate and enf
16、orce the built schema. Key words: Schema Theory, English reading, reading teaching, reading ability 摘 要 对于高中学生而言,阅读既是学习内容又是学习手段。在英语学习五大技能听、 说、读、写、译中,阅读是学生获取知识和信息的重要途径。普通高中英语新课程 标准对学生阅读能力的要求为七级,即要求学生能从一般文章中获取和处理主要信 息;能理解文章主旨和作者意图;能通过文章中的线索进行推理等等。而要提高阅读 能力,学生必须具有较高的语言水平,良好的阅读习惯,熟练的阅读技巧。 在传统的高中英语阅读教学中,
17、教师利用语法翻译法即对篇章进行逐词逐句的翻 译进行教学,对文章背景知识、篇章结构和阅读技能的训练涉及较少。这一弊端导致 学生在阅读理解过程中过于依赖教师和字典,从而造成了阅读障碍。教师利用图式理 论的相关知识,学生可以对所读篇章进行文化补白,即根据上下文来推测生词、短语 意义;根据文章背景知识来判断文章主题;根据体裁、结构分析文章类型。基于图式 理论,阅读被分为读前、读中和读后三个阶段。读前活动目的在于激活现有图式;读 中活动的目的在于建立和丰富新图式;读后活动则是为了巩固和强化已有图式。 本论文是在阐述图式理论和阅读理解相关理论与研究的基础上,进一 步探究图式 理论的应用对高中英语阅读教学的
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