2016年专四英语阅读练习(共12页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 (一)Peoplehavebeenpaintingpicturesforatleast30,000years.Theearliestpictureswerepaintedbypeoplewhohuntedanimals.Theyusedtopaintpicturesoftheanimalstheywantedtocatchandkill.PicturesofthiskindhavebeenfoundonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpain.Nooneknowswhytheywerepaintedthere.Perhapsthepainter
2、sthoughtthattheirpictureswouldhelpthemtocatchtheseanimals.Orperhapshumanbeingshavealwayswantedtotellstoriesinpictures.About5,000yearsago,theEgyptiansandotherpeopleintheNearEastbegantousepicturesaskindofwriting.Theydrewsimplepicturesorsignstorepresentthingsandideas,andalsotorepresentthesoundsoftheirl
3、anguage.Thesignsthesepeopleusedbecameakindofalphabet.TheEgyptiansusedtorecordinformationandtotellstoriesbyputtingpicturewritingandpicturestogether.Whenanimportantpersondied,scenesandstoriesfromhislifewerepaintedandcarvedonthewallsoftheplacewherehewasburied.Someofthesepicturesarelikemoderncomicstrips
4、tories.IthasbeensaidthatEgyptisthehomeofthecomicstrip.But,fortheEgyptians,picturesstillhadmagicpower.Sotheydidnottrytomaketheirwayofwritingsimple.Theordinarypeoplecouldnotunderstandit.Bytheyear1,000BC,peoplewholivedintheareaaroundtheMediterraneanSeahaddevelopedasimplersystemofwriting.Thesignstheyuse
5、dwereveryeasytowrite,andtherewerefewerofthemthanintheEgyptiansystem.Thiswasbecauseeachsign,orletter,representedonlyonesoundintheirlanguage.TheGreeksdevelopedthissystemandformedthelettersoftheGreekalphabet.TheRomanscopiedtheidea,andtheRomanalphabetisnowusedallovertheworld.Thesedays,wecanwritedownasto
6、ry,orrecordinformation,withoutusingpictures.Butwestillneedpicturesofallkinds:drawing,photographs,signsanddiagrams.Wefindthemeverywhere:inbooksandnewspapers,inthestreet,andonthewallsoftheplaceswhereweliveandwork.Pictureshelpustounderstandandrememberthingsmoreeasily,andtheycanmakeastorymuchmoreinteres
7、ting.?1.PicturesofanimalswerepaintedonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpainbecause?_ _?.?A.thehunterswantedtoseethepictures?B.thepainterswereanimallovers?C.thepainterswantedtoshowimagination?D.thepictureswerethoughttobehelpful?2.TheGreekalphabetwassimplerthantheEgyptiansystemforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEP
8、Tthat?_.A.theformerwaseasytowrite?B.therewerefewersignsintheformer?C.theformerwaseasytopronounce?D.eachsignstoodforonlyonesound?3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TheEgyptiansignslaterbecameaparticularalphabet.?B.TheEgyptianslikedtowritecomic?stripstories.?C.TheRomanalphabetwasdevelopedfromtheE
9、gyptianone.?D.TheGreekscopiedtheirwritingsystemfromtheEgyptians.?4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpictures?_?.?A.shouldbemadecomprehensible?B.shouldbemadeinteresting?C.areofmuchuseinourlife?D.havedisappearedfromourlife参考答案:1.D) 根据文章第一段第五行“Perhapsthepaintersthoughtthattheirpictureswouldhelpthe
10、mtocatchtheseanimals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助,故选项D为正确答案。?2.C) 在做此类题时要注意题干的要求。通过阅读文章第四段很清楚就知道选项C“前者容易发音”在文中没有提及,故为正确答案。?3.A) 可用排除法来做本题。通过阅读文章很清楚选项B和D为错误陈述。选项C“罗马字母是从埃及字母发展而来的”根据文章第四段第四,五句可知为错误论述,因此只有选项A为正确答案。4.C) 文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途,故选项C为正确答案。 (二)Asthemerchantclassexpandedintheeighteenth?centuryNorthAmeri
11、canColonies,thesilversmithandthecoppersmithbusinessesrosetoserveit.OnlyafewsilversmithswereavailableinNewYorkorBostoninthelateseventeenthcentury,butintheeighteenthcenturytheycouldbefoundinallmajorcolonialcities.Noothercolonialartisansrivaledthesilversmithsprestige.Theyhandledthemostexpensivematerial
12、sandpossesseddirectconnectionstoprosperouscolonialmerchants.Theirproducts,primarilysilverplatesandbowls,reflectedtheirexaltedstatusandtestifiedtotheircustomersprominence.Silverstoodasoneofthesurestwaystostorewealthatatimebeforeneighborhoodbanksexisted.Unlikethesilvercoinsfromwhichtheyweremade,silver
13、articleswerereadilyidentifiable.Oftenformedtoindividualspecifications,theyalwayscarriedthesilversmithsdistinctivemarkingsandconsequentlycouldbetracedandretrieved.Customersgenerallysecurethesilverforthesilverobjecttheyordered.Theysavedcoins,tookthemtosmiths,anddiscussedthetypeofpiecestheydesired.Silv
14、ersmithscompliedwiththeserequestsbymeltingthemoneyinasmallfurnace,addingabitofcoppertoformastrongeralloy,andcastingthealloyinrectangularblocks.Theyhammeredtheseingotstotheappropriatethicknessbyhand,shapedthemandpresseddesignsintothemforadornment.Engravingwasalsodonebyhand.Inadditiontoplatesandbowls,
15、somecustomerssoughtmoreintricateproducts,suchassilverteapots.Theseweremadebyshapingorcastingpartsseparatelyandthensolderingthemtogether.Colonialcoppersmithingalsocomeofageintheearlyeighteenthcenturyandprosperedinnortherncities.Coppersabilitytoconductheatefficientlyandtoresistcorrosioncontributedtoit
16、sattractiveness.ButbecauseitwasexpensiveincolonialAmerica,coppersmithswereneververynumerous.VirtuallyallcopperworkedbySmithswasimportedassheetsorobtainedbyrecyclingoldcoppergoods.Copperwasusedforpracticalitems,butitwasnotadmiredforitsbeauty.Coppersmithsemployedittofashionpotsandkettlesforthehome.The
17、yshapeditinmuchthesamemannerassilverormelteditinafoundrywithleadortin.Theyalsomixeditwithzinctomakebrassformaritimeandscientificinstruments.?1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingeighteenthcenturydevelopmentshadstrongimpactonsilversmiths? ?A.Adecreaseinthecostofsilver. ?B.Theinventionofheateffi
18、cientfurnaces. ?C.Thegrowingeconomicprosperityofcolonialmerchants. ?D.Thedevelopmentofnewtoolsusedtoshapesilver. ?2.IncolonialAmerica,wheredidsilversmithsusuallyobtainthematerialtomakesilverarticles? ?A.Fromtheirownmines. ?B.Fromimporters. ?C.Fromothersilversmiths. ?D.Fromcustomers.3.Thepassagementi
19、onsallofthefollowingasusesforcopperinColonialAmericaEXCEPT?_?.?A.cookingpots?B.scientificinstruments?C.musicalinstruments?D.maritimeinstruments4.Accordingtothepassage,silversmithsandcoppersmithsincolonialAmericaweresimilarinwhichofthefollowingways? ?A.Theamountofsocialprestigetheyhad.?B.Thewaytheysh
20、apedthemetaltheyworkedwith. ?C.Thecostofthegoodstheymade. ?D.Thepracticalityofthegoodstheymade.参考答案:1.C) 根据文章第一句“Asthemerchantclassexpandedintheeighteenth?centuryNorthAmericanColonies,.”可知,随着在十八世纪的北美殖民地商人阶级膨胀起来,也就是说那时的商人财富有了很大的发展,银匠铜匠们有机会发挥他们的专长了,这与选项C正好相符。?2.D) 根据文章第十四、五行“Customersgenerallysecureso
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