某木制家具制造企业职业卫生调查与评价.docx
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1、 苏州大学学位论文独创性声明 本人郑重声明:所提交的学位论文是本人在导师的指导下,独立 进行研宄工作取得的成東。除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不 含其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不含为获得苏州 大学或其它教育机构的学位证书而使用过的材料。对本文的研宄作出 重要贡献的个人和集体,均己在文中以明确方式标出。本人承担本声 明的法律贵任。 论文作者签名 : 綠 7 科立 曰期 ” 苏州大学学位论文使用授权声明 本人完全了解苏州大学关于收集、保存和使用学位论文的规 定,即:学位论文著作权归属苏州大学。本学位论文电子文档的 内容和纸质论文的内容相一致。苏州大学有权向国家图书馆、中 国社科
2、院文献信息情拫中心、中国科学技术信息研究所 ( 含万方 数据电子出版社 )、中国学术期刊(光盘版)电子杂志社送交本学 位论文的复印件或其他复制手段保存和汇编学问论文,可以将学 位论文的全部或部分内容编入数据库进行检索。 涉密论文 本学位论文属 在 _年 _月解密后适用本规定。 非涉密论文 论文作者签名 : . 日期 : - / - 导师签名: 日期: 逆丨屮 -1卜 某木制家具制造企业职业卫生调查与评价 中文摘要 中 文 摘 要 【目的】 为明确某木质家具制造企业的职业危害病因素种类和危害程度、防 护措施的效果、职业卫生管理等情况,从而对企业提出有效的职业病危害因素的 防护和控制措施,以保证工
3、作场所职业病危害因素浓度符合国家标准,预防职业 病的发生,从源头控制职业病危害因素对人体健康的影响。 【方法】 选择某木质家具制造企业,采用职业卫生现场调查,职业卫生检测 检验法和定量分级法相结合,结合职业病危害防护设施、个人职业病防护水平和 定量分级结果,对现场作业人员的职业病危害因素的接触水平及职业健康影响进 行评价,并通过检查表法和评价职业病危害防护 的各项措施,对存在的问题提出 整改意见,使企业更好的进行整改以达到法律法规的要求。 【结果】 该木制家具制造企业本次评价结果显示,企业员工 192 人,接触职 业病危害人数 121 人,约占 63.02%,其中接触化学毒物 72 人,接触生
4、产性粉尘 79 人,接触物理因素 26 人。现场检测结果显示,化学毒物检测 49 个点,检测结 果超出国家标准的有 6 个点,合格率为 87.75%;生产性粉尘检测 11 个点,检测结 果超出国家标准的有 7 个点,合格率为 36.36%;物理因素检测 17 个点,检测结果 超出国家标准的有 2 个点,合格率为 88.23%。超标的职业病危害因素有木粉尘、 其他粉尘、苯乙烯、乙苯、二甲苯、乙酸丁酯、甲苯、噪声,其中粉尘超标最严 重的岗位是油磨岗位,该岗位其他粉尘浓度超标 4.70 倍,化学因素超标最严重的 岗位是底材封闭,二甲苯浓度超标 9.40 倍,以上岗位是该企业职业病危害的关键 岗位,并
5、未设置有效的通风防护设施。企业员工在岗职业健康检查中未发现职业 病患者,但是发现 11 名员工体检结果异常,体检异常率 9.09%,企业对异常人员 均进行了调岗处理。针对存在的问题企业进行了整改,整改后化学因素、物理因 素均符合国家职业卫生标准。 【 结论】 该木制家具制造企业存在的职业病危害因素主要包括二甲苯、甲 苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲醛、苯乙烯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、正丁醇、木 粉尘、其他粉尘、噪声和工频电场等职业病危害因素,作业场所部分职业病危害 岗位的有害因素浓度超标情况比较严重。 企业职业卫生相关制度未建立健全, I 中文摘要 某木制家具制造企业职业卫生调查与评价 己有的制度也没
6、有有效落实,企业需要严格按照职业病防治法的相关要求进 行改进。 企业作业现场部分容易产生职业病危害因素的岗位没有采取有效的防 护措施,对已有的防护设施维护保养不到位。 从现场调查来看,现场员工个人 劳防用品佩戴不规范,自我保护意识淡薄,企业现场管理缺失。 【关 键词】职业卫生;木制家具;职业病危害;职业卫生评价 作 者:徐闻杰 指导教师:田海林副教授 Occupational hazards investigation and evaluation for a wooden furniture manufacturer Abstract Occupational hazards investi
7、gation and evaluation for a wooden furniture manufacturer Abstract Objective: To definite the situation, which includes the type of the occupational hazards and the degree of it, the effects of protective measures, the management of occupation health and so on of a wooden furniture manufacturer, the
8、 effectual protective and controllable measures can be proposed which can guarantee the concentration of the occupational hazards at workplace complying with the national standard so that the occupational disease could be prevented and controlled that it harms peoples health from the source. Methods
9、: Select a wooden furniture manufacturer and adopt a survey onoccupational hygiene on-site. Then, combine the occupational hygiene inspection method with quantitative gradation method and put the occupational hazards prevention methods, the level of personal occupational prevention and the result of
10、 quantitative gradation together. An evaluation would be given according to the level of the contact on the occupational hazards of those workers who are performing on-site and the impact on their occupational health. With the assistance of inspection tables and every measure of evaluating the occup
11、ational hazards prevention, reasonable suggestion could be come up with on those existing issues. Enterprises would make better improvements to cater to the requirements of nations laws and regulations. Results: The outcome of this evaluation on the wooden furniture indicates as follow: the total nu
12、mber of the enterprise is 192 and there are 121 people contacting with the occupational hazards which occupies around 63.02 percent. Among those people, 72 people contact with chemical toxicant, 79 people contact with industrial dust and other 26 people contact with physical factors. The result gett
13、ing at the scene illustrate that the testing number of chemical toxicant is 49 points which is beyond our nations standard by 6 points and the percent of pass is 87.75 per cent. What5s more, the testing number m Abstract Occupational hazards investigation and evaluation for a wooden furniture manufa
14、cturer of industrial dust is 11 points which is also beyond our nations standard by 7 points and the percent of pass is only 36.36 percent. Finally, the testing number of physical factor is 17 points which is 2 more than our nations standard and the percent of pass is 88.23 percent. Those over-stand
15、ard occupational hazards are wood dust or other dust, styrene, ethyl benzene, xylene, butyl acetate, toluene and noise among which the severest over-standard dust position is oil abrasion. The concentration of other dust of this job is beyond the standard 4.7 times. The severest over-standard on che
16、mical toxicant position is the substrate-closed. The concentration of xylene is beyond the standard 9.4 times. Those positions mentioned are the key ones of the occupational hazards in this wooden furniture manufacturer and ventilation system cannot be set at certain place. Although occupational dis
17、ease patients are not be found during the on-job physical check-up process, there are still 11 workers show abnormal outcomes. And the percentage of it is 9.09%. According to the situation, this enterprise has changed their positions and then it improves those issues (chemical factors and physical f
18、actors) and finally meets the standard of the nation. Conclusion: this wooden furniture manufacturer exists the occupational hazards as follow: Xylene, toluene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, formaldehyde, polyethylene, TDI, normal butanol, wood dust and other chemical factors and physical factors su
19、ch as noise, ultraviolet radiation, and the excess of the occupational-disease-inductive factors in the workplace situation is serious, the relevant occupational health system is not sound. Those established system cannot be implemented effectively. Enterprise needs to do the improvements according
20、to the law on prevention and cure of occupational disease strictly, the part of field operation which is easily caused theoccupational disease in this enterprise doesnt take the effective measures to protect its workers. And the maintenance of those established protective facilities is also poor dur
21、ing the test, according to the field investigation, the wearing of personal belongings (tools and protections) is not standard and workers are lack of the awareness of self-protection which show the whole enterprise the shortages of its management. Key Words: Occupational health, wooden furniture, o
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