大学英语I.ppt
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1、大学英语I,期末辅导(1),交际用语,日常交际用语是大学英语B统考试题中的第一部分,目的是检测考生在不同的情境中运用英语进行交际的能力。该部分以选择题形式出题,包括10个小题,每题1分,共10分,考试建议时间为10分钟。在复习该部分知识时,注意以下两个方面:,(一)探索答语的规律在学习、使用和复习交际用语部分时,大家要掌握使用交际用语的几个原则:A. 礼貌原则无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感,发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌,即使表达不同看法或批评意见,也要委婉间接表达,使对方听起来不刺耳,例如: Do you think I can use your car for one day?A. Im
2、afraid not.B. No, you cant.C. I wont let you do that.D. Absolutely not.,B. 利他原则在日常交际中,英语国家人民形成了一种习俗,即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便,对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴,坏事要表示难过/惋惜,因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向,例如: I am going to the City Hall, can you tell me how to get there, madam?A. No, you dont knowB. I dont know.C. Yes, you will.D. Sorry, I
3、am new here too. But you can ask the policeman over there.C. 文化遵从原则在选择交际用语时,大家要有跨文化视角,也就是说,要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式,要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如:Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John?A. Thank you very muchB. No, no, John is not badC. Thank you. He is fineD. Dont say that. Its ugly. John is good,(二)排除法
4、我们发现,交际用语部分试题的选项中,错误选项不但错得比较明显,而且有一定规律可循,这为我们在解题时使用排除法提供了机会。错项的类型大体有:A. 选项本身语法错误;B.选项议题与谈话主题无关;C.选项明显违反上述三原则;D. 选项虽然与谈话主题有关,但不能提供发问者要求的信息、态度或观点;例如:1) Mary, are you and your husband busy this weekend?A. this weekend we may go to cinemaB. No, were notC. Oh, its none of your businessD. Welcome to our p
5、arty,2) You are not the manager here, are you? A. Yes, Im notB. No, I amC. Yes, I amD. No, not at all3)Would you like another slice of Christmas cake? Im full.A. Yes, please.B. No more, thanks.C. Why not?D. Nothing more.,I. Language In Use,1: How are you, Bob ? _ Ted.A. How are you? B. Im fine. Than
6、k you.C. How do you do? D. Nice to meet you.2: Hi, Tom, hows everything with you? _, and how are you?A. Dont mention it B. Hm, not too badC. Thanks D. Pretty fast,2. Telephone languageHello, could I speak to?May I speak to?-Speaking./Im sorry,May I leave a message? Yes, please.For example:(1). - Hel
7、lo, could I speak to Don, please? - A. Who are you? B. Whos there? C. Who could I help? D. Whos speaking?(2)- Im sorry. Bobs not in his office. -_A. Would you like to leave a message? B. Are you sure for that?C. Can you take a message for me? D. Can you phone me?(3) Hello, may I talk to the director
8、 now?_.A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment. B. No, you cant.C. Sorry, you cant. D. I dont know.,(4)Could I speak to Don Watkins , please? _. A. Im listening. B. Oh, how are you? C. Speaking. D. Im Don.(5) Whos that speaking? This is Tom_.A. speaksB. spoken C. speaking D. saying,3. polite inquiry of t
9、he salesclerkMay I help you?- Yes, I want to /No, thank you. (1) -May I help you, madam? - A. Sorry, I have no idea. B. Yes, I know what to say. C. Youd better give me a hand. D. Yes, Id like 2 kilos of oranges.(2) What can I do for you?_.A. I want a kilo of pears. B. You can your own way.C. Thanks.
10、 D. Excuse me. Im busy.(3) What would you like, tea or coffee? _A. Yes, I would. B. Coffee, please.C. Yes, please. D. It very nice.,4. invitationWhat about?Id like to, but./Why not. Good idea.(1)-What about going for a walk? - A. Its good for you。B. Thats all right. C. So, do I. D. Why not? A good i
11、dea.(2)-will you go on a picnic with us tomorrow? - A. Yes, but Ill have English classes. B. Sorry, I have an appointment with Dr. Brown. C. Im afraid I have no idea. D. I wont. Its kind of you.(3)Id like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr. Wang._.A. Oh, no. Lets not B. Id rather stay at home
12、 C. Im glad to, but I have other plans D. Thank you,5. thanksThank you for.-Youre welcome./Its my pleasure.(1) Thank you for inviting me._.A. I really had a happy time. B. Oh, its too late.C. Thank you for coming. D. Oh, so slowly?,6.apologyIm sorry.- Thats ok. /Dont think any more.(1) I am sorry fo
13、r what I have said to you._. A. Its just too bad. B. No problem. C. Dont think any more about it. D. Im sure about that.(2) Oh, sorry to bother you._.A. Thats Okay. B. No, you cant.C. Thats good. D. Oh, I dont know.,7. ask for the way, journeyExcuse me, could you-You. /Sorry,(1)-Excuse me, when is t
14、he next flight from London due to arrive? - A. In half an hour. B. An hour before. C. Until the next one. D. Thats great.(2) Excuse me, how far is the airport from here? _A. You can take a taxi. B. Its about thirty miles.C. Ill fly to Sydney. D. Its only six hundred dollars. (3) Excuse me, is there
15、a park here? _. Thank you all the same.A. I dont know B. Yes, there isC. No, there isnt D. Sorry, I dont know,8. ask for permission(1) Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? Not at all. _ A. Ive no time. B. Id rather not. C. Id like it. D. Id be happy to. (2) I wonder i
16、f I could use your dictionary?Sure. _. A. Go on. B. Go ahead. C. Go up. D. Go away.(3) May I see your tickets, please?_.A. No, they are mine B. No, you cant C. Here they are D. Yes, you can,4) Do you mind telling me where youre from? _.A. Certainly. Im from London. B. Sure. I was born in LondonC. No
17、t really, you can do it. D. Certainly not. Im from London.,9. Stating the facts(1)-I think the internet is very helpful. - A. Yes, so do I. B. Its a very good idea.C. Neither do I. D. Id rather go surfing on it. (2) Im taking my driving test tomorrow. _A. Cheers! B. Congratulations!C. Come on! D. Go
18、od luck!(3) Mike, I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow.Oh, really? _. A. Good luck. B. Great.C. Have a good time. D. Congratulations.,II. Vocabulary and Structure,1. 从句名词性从句:主,宾,表,同位形容词性从句:定语从句副词性从句:状语从句:时间,地点,原因,条件,让步,方式,比较,结果,目的定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语
19、从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有:when, where, why等,例: 1)Did you notice the boy _ hat looks so strange.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whose 2)The company official _ I thought would be fired received a raise.A. whomB. whoeverC. whoD. of whom 3)At the concert I had suc
20、h a feeling _ everybody was a little in madness.A. whichB. thatC. whatD.whom,2、介词+关系词1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。2)that前不能有介词。3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词 when 和where 互换。This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you j
21、oined our club?Do you remember the day when you joined our club?,例:1. The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _ where she had gone. A. where thatB. of whereC. of the placeD. the place2. This is the contract _ both of us agreed.A. about which B. for whichC. whichD. o
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