inventory and warehouse management.ppt
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1、Inventory and Warehouse Management Process Chapter 71Learning Objectives1.Discuss the four goods movements associated with inventory management.2. Describe the organizational levels in warehouse management.3.Analyze the master data associated with warehouse management.4.Identify and explain the key
2、steps in the warehouse management processes.2Learning Objectives5.Demonstrate how inventory and warehouse management processes are integrated with other processes.6.Effectively use SAP ERP to execute the key steps in the warehouse management process.7.Extract and analyze meaningful information about
3、 the warehouse management process utilizing SAP ERP.3BackgroundInventory and warehouse management processes are concerned with the storage and movement of material within an organization.Chapter 4 introduced the underlying activity in inventory management (goods movement).The four goods movements ty
4、pes are:Goods receiptGoods issueStock transferTransfer posting4BackgroundWarehouse management processes that enable companies to manage materials more effectively.Linkages exist between inventory management and warehouse management.5Inventory ManagementFocus is on the extension of the goods movement
5、.Goods movement involves specific movement types.Information needed to execute the movements.General ledger accounts are affected.The key organization level is storage location. Most relevant master data:Material masterPlant/data storage material master view6Goods Movements7Goods ReceiptMovement of
6、materials into inventory (increase)Can take place during the production processCan result in the creation of material and financial accounting documents for both production and IM-WM processesCan post goods receipts without reference to an orderInitial receipt of inventoryUnplanned receipt8Goods Iss
7、ueResults in a decrease in inventoryIn the fulfillment process, it indicates a shipment of finished goods or trading goods to a customer against a sales order.In the production process, it reflects the issuing of raw materials or semifinished goods to a production order.Can be unplanned.Materials ma
8、y be withdrawn for internal consumption.9Transfer PostingsAre used to change the status or type of materials in stock.Four common stock statuses: Unrestricted useIn quality inspectionBlockedIn transitCan be used in other situations that do not necessarily involve a physical movement of materials.10S
9、tock TransfersUsed to physically move materials within the enterprise from one organizational level or location to another.Three options are available for organizational levels: Between storage locations within one plantBetween plants in one company codeBetween plants in different company codes11Sto
10、ck Transfers Three options are available for moving material, regardless of the organizational level:One-step procedureTwo-step procedureStock transport order (STO)12One-step and Two-step Procedures13Storage Location-to-Storage Location TransferA transfer between two storage locations within the sam
11、e plant Reasons why:Temporary staging areaQuality inspectionA one-step or a two-step procedure can be used.One-step procedure: materials can be in any stock status (supplying location) to any stock status in (receiving location).Two-step procedure: possible only when the materials are in unrestricte
12、d use at the supplying location.14Storage Location-to-Storage Location Transfer Transfer between storage locations in the same plant does not affect valuation (same valuation).No financial impactNo financial documentSplit valuation (when valuation is not the same)Financial impactFinancial documentMu
13、ltiple material accounts15Stock Transfer within a Plant16Plant-to-Plant TransferMovement of materials between two plants within the same company code A one-step or a two-step procedure can be used.Difference is the stock status at the receiving plant.Typically, only materials in the unrestricted use
14、 status can be moved between plants.Material documents are created.Financial impact (FI document)17Plant-to-Plant Transfer18Demo 7.1 Plant-to-Plant Stock Transfer (1 Step)19Review Plant-to-stock stock transfer (1 step)Company Code-to-Company Code TransferMovement of materials between two plants in d
15、ifferent company codes A one-step or a two-step procedure can be usedTwo FI documents are created, one for each company codeOne line item is for the material account.One line item is for a clearing account created to accommodate such a transfer.20Stock Transport OrdersPlant-to-plant movements have l
16、imitations.Stock transport orders are a solution.In the STO process one plant “purchases” the materials and another plant “sells” them. Can involve steps from the procurement, fulfillment, and inventory management processes.There types of stock transport orders:Stock transport orders without deliver
17、yStock transport orders with deliveryStock transport orders with delivery and billing21Stock Transport Orders without DeliveryInvolve steps from purchasing and inventory managementSTO created directly or referenced to other documents (PR)Only the two-step procedure can be usedMaterial document creat
18、ed to record movementGoods receipt recorded against the STOOne or two FI documents may be createdFinancial impactGeneral ledger accountsMaterial accountsClearing accounts22Stock Transport Orders without Delivery23Demo 7.2: Stock Transport Order without Delivery24Review stock transport order without
19、deliveryStock Transport Orders with DeliveryDelivery document is created (picking and packing) prior to goods issue.The order is treated like a sales order.A one-step or a two-step procedure can be used.One-step procedure: Only one material document is created, and the materials are placed in unrest
20、ricted use at the receiving plant.Two-step procedure: Material movement and financial impact are identical to those associated with an STO without delivery.25Stock Transport Orders with Delivery26Demo 7.3: Stock Transport Order with Delivery27Review stock transport order with deliveryStock Transport
21、 Orders with Delivery and BillingSTO includes both the delivery document (shipping step) and the billing step from the fulfillment process at the sending plant.STO includes the invoice verification step from the procurement process at the receiving plant.Purchase price is included in the STO based o
22、n pricing conditions and info records.The supplying plant creates a delivery document authorizing the shipment.Goods issue is posted at the sending plant.Goods receipt is posted at the receiving plant.28Stock Transport Order with Delivery and Billing29Organizational Data in WMKey organizational data
23、 are the warehouse.Warehouse is associated with one or multiple combinations of plant and storage location.Association between storage locations and a warehouse provides the linkage between IM processes and WM processes. 30Organizational Data in WM When linking warehouses to storage locations, the f
24、ollowing rules apply:A warehouse must be linked to at least one storage location.A warehouse can be linked to storage locations across multiple plants.A storage location can be linked to only one warehouse.Not all storage locations must be linked to a warehouse.31Organizational Data in Warehouse Man
25、agement32Organizational Data In WM A warehouse is divided into smaller areas in a hierarchical mannerStorage typeStorage section/picking areaStorage bin33Storage TypeStorage type is a division of a warehouse based on the characteristics of the space, materials, or activity.Storage types can also be
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