机械手外文翻译_2.docx
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1、机械手外文翻译ManipulatorAlongwithourcountrytherapiddevelopmentofindustrialproduction,rapidlyimprovedegreeofautomation,implementationartifactsofhandling,steering,transmissionortoilforweldinggun,spraygun,spannerandothertoolsforprocessing,assemblyoperationssuchasautomation,shouldcausetheattentionofpeoplemore
2、andmore.Manipulatoristoimitatethepeoplepartoftheaction,accordingtoagivenprogram,trackanddemandingacquirement,handlingoroperationoftheautomaticdevice.Appliedintheindustrialproductionofthemanipulatorisreferredtoasindustrialmanipulator.Applicationmanipulatorcanimprovetheautomationofproductionwaterinpro
3、ductionandlaborproductivity;Canreducelaborfatiguestrength,toensureproductquality,implementsafetyproduction;Especiallyinhightemperatureandhighpressure,lowtemperature,lowpressure,dust,explosive,toxicandradioactivegasessuchasharshenvironment,itinsteadofpeoplenormalwork,themoresignificant.Therefore,inth
4、emachining,casting,welding,heattreatment,electroplating,spraypainting,assembly,andlightindustry,transportationindustrygetmoreandmoreextensiveapplication,etc.Manipulatorinstitutionalformissimple,strongprofessionalism,onlyasaloadingdeviceforamachinetools,special-purposemanipulatorisattachedtothismachi
5、ne.Alongwiththedevelopmentofindustrialtechnology,producedindependentlyaccordingtotheprocesscontroltoachieverepetitiveoperation,usingrangeiswideprogramcontrolgeneralmanipulator,hereinafterreferredtoasgeneralmanipulator.Generalmanipulatorusedtoquicklychangetheworkingprocedure,adaptabilityisstronger,so
6、heisinconstanttransformationinthemediumandsmallbatchproductionofproductsarewidelyused.Manipulatorisakindofcanautomaticpositioningcontrolandcanchangetoprogrammingwithmultifunctionalmachine,ithasmoredegreesoffreedom,canbeusedtomovethingstocompletetheworkindifferentenvironments.InChinathelowlevelofwage
7、s,plasticproductsindustrystillbelongstothelabor-intensive,theuseofthemanipulatorhasbecomemorepopular.TheelectronicandautomobileindustryinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesmultinationalcompaniesveryearlyintheirfactoriesinChinaintroducedautomaticproduction.Butnowthechangeistheindustrialintensivedistributioninso
8、uthChina,eastChinascoastalregionslocalplasticprocessingplantalsobegantomanipulatorshowmoreandmoreinterest,becausetheyhavetofacehighworkerturnoverrate,asasthechallengewellsbroughtaboutbytheworkerspayinductrialinjuryfee.一、ThecompositionofthemanipulatorManipulatorisintheformofavarietyof,somerelativelys
9、imple,somemorecomplex,butthebasicformisthesame,generallybytheactuators,transmissionsystem,controlsystemandtheauxiliarydevice.1.Theactuatormanipulatoractuators,bythehand,wrist,arm,pillars.Handisgraspingmechanism,whichisusedtoclampandreleaseartifacts,asahumanfinger,cancompletestaffofsimilaraction.Isco
10、nnectedtothefingersandwristarmcomponents,canbeupanddown,leftandrightsidesandrotarymovement.Simplemanipulatorcannotthewrist.Propusedtosupportthearm,canalsoaccordingtoneedtomakeitmove.2.Thedrivingsystemmovementoftheactuatorbythetransmissionsystemtoachieve.Commonmechanicaltransmissionsystemofmechanical
11、transmission,hydraulictransmission,pneumatictransmissionandpowertransmissionetc.Severalforms.3.Thecontrolsystemofmanipulatorcontrolsystemmainfunctionistocontrolthemanipulatoraccordingtocertainprocedures,movementdirection,position,speed,simplemanipulatorisgenerallynotsetspecialcontrolsystem,onlythest
12、rokeswitch,relay,controlvalvesandcontrolcircuitcanrealizedynamictransmissionsystem,theexecutingagencyactioninaccordancewithrequirements.Actioncomplexmanipulatorshouldadoptstheprogrammablecontroller,microcomputercontrol.二、classificationandcharacteristicsofthemanipulatorRobotsgenerallyfallintothreecat
13、egoriesthefirstisgeneralmanipulatordoesntneedmanualoperation.Itisakindofindependenceisnotattachedtoahostdevice.Itcanaccordingtotheneedofthetaskprogram,theoperationoftheprovisionstocomplete.Itiswiththecharacteristicsofcommonmechanicalperformance,alsohasgeneralmachinery,memory,intelligenceofthreeyuan.
14、Thesecondistheneedtodomanually.CalledOperatingmachine.Itoriginatedintheatom,militaryindustry,firstbyOperatingmachinetocompleteaspecificassignment,latertouseradiosignalOperatingmachinetoexplorethemoonandsoon.UsedintheforgingindustryOperatingmachinefallsunderthiscategory.Thethirdkindistousespecialmani
15、pulator,mainlyattachedtoautomaticmachineorautomaticline,usedtosolvemachinetoolmaterialandworkpiecetosendupanddown.ThismanipulatorinaforeigncountryiscalledtheMechanicalHand,itisintheserviceofthehost,drivenbythehost;Exceptafewworkingproceduresgenerallyisfixed,soitisspecial.三、Theapplicationofindustrial
16、manipulatorManipulatorisintheprocessofmechanization,automationproduction,developedakindofnewtypeofdevice.Inrecentyears,withelectronictechnology,especiallythewideapplicationofelectroniccomputer,therobotsdevelopmentandproductionhasbecomeahightechnologydevelopedrapidlyinthefieldofanemergingtechnology,i
17、tpromotedthedevelopmentofthemanipulator,makethemanipulatorcanachievebetterwiththecombinationofmechanizationandautomation.Manipulatoralthoughitisnotasflexibleasmanpower,butitcanhaverepeatedworkandlabor,donotknowfatigue,isnotafraidofdanger,snatchheavyweightsstrengthcharacteristicssuchaslargerthanman,a
18、saresult,themanipulatorhasbeenbroughttotheattentionofthemanydepartments,andhavebeenappliedmoreandmorewidely.(1)Machinetoolsmachiningtheworkpieceloadingandunloading,especiallyinautomaticlathe,usecommoncombinationmachinetools.(2)Widelyusedintheassemblyoperation,itcanbeusedtoassembleprintedcircuitboard
19、intheelectronicsindustry,itcanbeinthemachineryindustrytoassembleparts.(3)Canbeinworkingconditionsispoor,repetitiveeasyfatigueoftheworkenvironment,toinsteadofhumanLabour.(4)Thedevelopmentoftheuniverseandtheocean.(5)Militaryengineeringandbiomedicalresearchandtest.Applicationofrobotscanreplacepeopleind
20、ull,repetitiveorheavymanualwork,torealizemechanizationandautomationofproduction,insteadofhumaninharmfulenvironmentofmanualoperation,improvelaborcondition,ensurethepersonalsafety.Inthelate1940s,theUnitedStatesinthenuclearexperiments,firstlyadoptsmanipulatorhandlingradioactivematerials,peopleinthesecu
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