新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案内容详解解与答案.pdf
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1、综合教程 4 课后答案Handouts and Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Unit 1Active reading (1)Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaLooking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaBackground informationBackground informationAbout the passage: This is an article by an Ed
2、ucation Correspondent,Alexandra Blair, published inSeptember 2008 in The Times , a long-established British quality newspaper.In Europe generally, and inBritain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising numberof students who go to universityand therefore more new graduates seeking
3、 employment. However, for manygraduates finding a job becameharder in 20082009 because the economic downturn then a recession meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After theirfinal exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobsand then they found that it was diff
4、icult to find employment in their fieldor at the level they wanted. Thearticle addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuckat home and advises their parentsto be there for their children (ie to be available if their children wantto talk about the problem or if theyneed help). The
5、article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarketrather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. Thestyle is partly of a report, but alsoof a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey languageand problem-solving advice topar
6、ents).Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatlyin the last fifteen years (over 45% ofyoung adults now goon to higher education), so thereare more graduateslooking for jobs. This competitivesituation becam
7、e a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch andeconomic depression, which meantthat there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus newgraduates have to be activeto seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to getjob interviews: they wont findemploymen
8、t by lying on the sofa at home.Culture pointsCulture pointshonours degree:honours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA andBSc honours degrees are awardedin different categories: a first class degree (written using Roman numbersas I), a second (divided into twosubcategories, wr
9、itten as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one”and “a two two”), a third (written III) anda pass degree. Mostpeople get a second. There are also ordinary degreeswith more general courses of studywithout these categories.Generation Y and Grunt:Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that t
10、here is a successionof different generations orcohorts of adults whocome into theworkforce in NorthAmerica which aregiven different informal namesto characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the greatincrease (the boom) of births after WorldWar II (19461960), followed by “Generation X” p
11、eople (born 19601980)who were said to bring newattitudes of being independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expectedto get skills and have a career beforethem. “GenerationY” or the “Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and1990s and becoming adult in the newmillenium) are now making up an increasing p
12、ercentage of the workforce;they are said to be spoilt by dotingparents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diversepeople in a multicultural society. Inthe passage, this generation is now becoming (morphing into) GenerationGrunt, which is an ironic namereferring to repetitive, low s
13、tatus, routine or mindless work this maybe the only work available to somegraduates, who may have to take very ordinary jobs to get experience beforethey find something moresuitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners andto the deep sound that is made by a pig;when people “grunt”
14、 they express disgust but do not communicate withwords this may be how the parentsof new graduates think their children communicate with them!A comprehensivecomprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which becamepopular in the1960s. Before thatthere were academic “grammar schools” an
15、d more general “secondarymodern” schools for those who didnot pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schoolswere designed for all students ina social philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether theywere academic or not. Those studentswho went to a comprehensive sc
16、hool probably felt that had to studyparticularly hard (I worked my backsideoff) to get touniversity, compared to those who wentto grammar schoolswhere all students were academiccomprehensive students felt they hadto struggle to get to university.Chicken suitChicken suit This refers to a large yellow
17、 costume that someone wears whichmakes the person look like agiant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressedin such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chickenin Spanish) the job meant that he hadto walk around the streets li
18、ke a chicken to attract customers to cometo the restaurant.Language pointsLanguage points1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eatThose memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eatwell and go to thewell and go to theodd party, began to
19、 fade. Until now. (Para 1)odd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1)The parents paid a lot of money for their sons university fees and livingexpenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events at graduation these memoriesof money were mostly forgottenbecause the parents were prou
20、d. But now the parents are thinking of moneyagain because the son doesnthave a job and doesnt seem to be actively seeking one.2 This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member ofThis former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member ofGeneration Grunt.Generation
21、Grunt.(Para 2)(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents generation whoworked hard, got jobs, and hadgood careers and expected their son to do the same) has changed into amember of Generation Grunt hedoesnt seem to communicate much, lies around and doesnt get a job (orcan only do
22、a low status routingjob).3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being tooI passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being toodetached and talking indetached and talking inl language that was too technocratic, which I didnt think possible, but obviouslyanguag
23、e that was too technocratic, which I didnt think possible, but obviouslyit is. (Para 5)it is. (Para 5)He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but he was criticizedin the selection interviews:They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic(he used the language of
24、atechnical expert or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wantedto show his expertise in hislanguage so he cant understand this criticism.4 For the rest it is 9-to-For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6) pub. (Para 6)The ot
25、hers who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goodson a supermarket shelf) chill outall day (they spendtheir time casually relaxing they dont look forwork) and go to pub for a drink in theevening.5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a goodI went to a compr
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