二手汽车-外文文献翻译.doc
《二手汽车-外文文献翻译.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《二手汽车-外文文献翻译.doc(13页珍藏版)》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date二手汽车-外文文献翻译Development of a High Power Programmable Precise Time-DelayTrigger/ Ignition System for MFCG学校代码: 10128学 号: 200920302070 英文参考文献及译文题 目:The Used Car Industry姓 名:马威学 院:能源与动力工程系
2、别:交通运输系专 业:交通运输班 级:交通运输09-2指导教师:高志鹰 副教授二 一 三 年 六 月-The Used Car Industry With annual sales of nearly $370 billion, the used vehicle industry represents almost half of the U.S. auto retail market and is the largest retail segment of the economy. In 2005, about 44 million used cars were sold in the U.
3、S., which is more than double that of the nearly 17 million new cars sold. In 1898, the Empire State Motor Wagon Company is one of the very first used car companies. The used vehicle market is substantially larger than other large retail sectors, such as the school and office products market ($206 b
4、illion in estimated annual sales) and the home improvement market ($291 billion in Estimated annual sales).The Federal Trade Commission recommends that consumers consider a car retailers reputation when deciding where to purchase a used car. In the United States, an estimated 34% of consumers (in 20
5、06) are buying a Vehicle history report for used cars. Vehicle history reports are one way to check the track record of any used vehicle. The report may indicate minor/moderate collision damage or improper vehicle maintenance. These reports will indicate items of public record, such as vehicle title
6、 branding, lemon law buybacks, odometer fraud, and product recall vehicle history reports provide customers with a record based on the vehicles serial number. An attempt to identify vehicles which have been previously owned by hire car rental agencies, police and emergency services or taxi fleets is
7、 also made. Consumers should research vehicles carefully, as these reporting services only report the information to which they have access. In some places the government is a provider of vehicle history, but this is usually a limited service providing information on just one aspect of the history.
8、Two vehicle history reporting services used to offer the service for free namely Install VIN and Vin Check. But currently customers need to pay to view vehicle reports through Instating. Vin Check became part of Auto Check and provides very little information for free, and customers need to buy a de
9、tailed report. Several of the services, most notably those in the United Kingdom and the United States, sell reports to dealers and then encourage the dealers to display the reports on their Internet sites. These reports are paid for by the dealer and then offered for free to potential buyers of the
10、 vehicle. Car check service is available online for the public and motor trade. Companies may add to the reports additional information gathered from police, finance and insurance companies. In the UK, the DVLA provides information (Car check) on the registration of vehicles to certain companies for
11、 consumer protection and anti-fraud purposes. Used car pricing reports typically produce three forms of pricing information. Dealer or Retail Price is the price you should expect to pay if buying from a licensed new-car or used-car dealer retail price. Dealer Trade-in Price or wholesale price is the
12、 price you should expect to receive from a dealer if you trade in a car. This is also the price that a dealer will typically pay for a car at a dealer wholesale auction. Private-Party Price is the price you should expect to pay if you were buying from an individual. A private-party seller is hoping
13、to get more money than they would with a trade-in to a dealer. A private-party buyer is hoping to pay less than the dealer retail price. The growth of the Internet has fueled the availability of information on the prices of used cars. This information was once only available in trade publications th
14、at dealers had access to. There are now numerous sources for used car pricing. Multiple sources of used car pricing means that listed values from different sources may differ. Each pricing guide receiving data from different sources and makes different judgments about that data. Pricing of used cars
15、 can be affected by geography. For example, convertibles have a higher demand in warmer climates than in cooler areas. Similarly, pickup trucks may be more in demand in rural than urban settings. The overall condition of the vehicle has a major impact on pricing. Condition is based on appearances, v
16、ehicle history, mechanical condition and mileage. There is much subjectivity in how the condition of a car is evaluated. There are various theories as to how the market determines the prices of used cars sold by private parties, especially relative to new cars. One theory suggests that new car deale
17、rs are able to put more effort into selling a car, and can therefore stimulate stronger demand. Another theory suggests that owners of problematic cars (lemons) are more likely to want to sell their cars than owners of perfectly functioning vehicles. Therefore, someone buying a used car bears a high
18、er risk of buying a lemon. A car dealership or vehicle local distribution is a business that sells new and/or used cars at the retail level, based on a dealership contract with an automaker or its sales subsidiary. It employs automobile salespeople to do the selling. It may also provide maintenance
19、services for cars, thus employing automobile mechanics, stock and sell spare automobile parts, and process warranty claims. In China, an authorized car dealership is called 4S car shops. The 4S represents Sale, Spare part, Service and Survey .In most cases, brand-name new cars can be purchased only
20、from 4S shops. For new cars in high demand, a premium is sometimes added for instant delivery or just placing an order. Likewise, cars with high supply are often discounted. The profit of car dealers in China is quite high compared to the rest of the world, in most cases 10%. This is due to the non-
21、transparent invoice price as announced by manufacturers and to the premiums they charge for quick delivery. Due to the lack of knowledge for most customers, dealers can sell add-ons at much higher prices than the aftermarket. This field is ruled by Commission Regulation (EC) NO 1400/2002 of 31 July
22、2002, on the application of article 81(3) of the Treaty to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices in the motor vehicle sector. In the Member States of the European Union, motor vehicle and spare part manufacturers distribute their products through networks of distributors. As far
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 二手 汽车 外文 文献 翻译
限制150内