城镇社区老年心理健康状况及其教育对策研究-李潇.docx
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1、河南大学 硕士学位论文 城镇社区老年心理健康状况及其教育对策研究 姓名:李潇 申请学位级别:硕士 专业:成人教育学 指导教师:于怀钦 20100501 中 文 摘 要 人口老龄化已经成为当前世界不容忽视的重大问题。我国是世界上老年人口 最多的国家,同时具有发展速度快、老龄化进程快于经济发展、区域发展不平衡 等特点。随着我国对外开放和工业化进程的不断深入,社会、个人等因素的影响 使老年心理健康问题円趋凸显。虽然我国对老龄化带来的诸多问题有所研究,但 是已有的研究多数是基于病理学、从 缺失 的角度來进行的,对于 心理健康 教育 的研究却不够重视。 随着健康老龄化和积极老龄化观点的提出,面向更广大老
2、年人的普遍心理需 求,从与老年人生活密切相关的社区着手,通过提供社区服务、开展社区老年教 育活动来保障老年人心理健康的命题逐渐走入研究者的视野。因此,本研究直面 老年心理健康的现状及问题,以构建有利于城镇社区老年人心理健康水平提高的 教育策略而展开。 首先,以主观幸福感理论为依据,从老年人的心理健康现状、老年人对心理 健康的认识和需求、老年人参与社区教育活动的情 况三个方面进行调查。综合运 用文献法、调査法、访谈法、社会统计分析法,选取河南省五个地区的城镇社区, 发现老年人在对老龄化的态度、日常情绪水平、社会适应情况、人际交往状况、 认知功能方面都存在或多或少的问题,心理健康状况不容乐观。 其
3、次,从社会层面、家庭及人际关系和老年人自身三个角度分析城镇社区老 年人心理健康现状的成因。从社会层面来说,社会文化变革、组织结构改变、信 息化发展、心理健康意识和知识缺乏是影响老年人心理健康的主要因素;从家庭 及人际关系因素说,婚姻、家庭成员关系、与周围人群的人际关系等因素影响 着 老年心理状态;从老年人自身来讲,健康状况、经济状况、人格特征、文化程度 等都是影响老年人心理健康的主要因素。 最后,在此基础上从教育的视角去探索城镇社区老年人心理健康的教育策略。 在当前我国社会转型期社会支持相对滞后的情况下,要提高老年人的心理健康水 平,除了提高社会保障和构建老年文化,最重要的是从社区入手,整合社
4、区老年 教育资源,发挥社区老年教育的功能。一方面通过有组织的学习来提高老年人对 心理健康的理性认识,另一方面通过组织社区活动,保持老年人与社会的接触 频 率和深度,扩大老年人的社会认同感。同时通过社区内提供的心理健康服务,做 好老年人的心理干预。 关键词:城镇社区;老年心理健康状况;教育对策 Abstract Aging of population has become a major problem that can not be ignored in the current world. China has the features of fast development, the pro
5、cess of ageing quicker than the economic development, and imbalanced regional development. As Chinese opening to the outside world and industrialization intensifies, the influence of social and individual factore makes the mental health of the elderly an increasingly prominent problem. Although many
6、 researches have beeai done about the problems brought about by aging of population, the majority of the existing researches are based on pathology, or conducted from the perspective of missing. The research about the education of mental health is not enough. Along with presenting the idea of the he
7、althy aging and active aging, facing on the general psychological needs of the more elderly, through the provision of community services and conducting community education activities for the elderly to protect their mental health, gradually steps into the vision of researches. Therefore, this study
8、deals with the current situation and problems of the elderly mental health, with a view to building the educational strategy that improves the mental health of the elderly living in urban in community. First, based on the theory of subjective well-being, the author of this paper investigated from th
9、ree aspects: the mental health status of the elderly, the awareness and needs of older people concerning mental health, adaptation, the condition of interpersonal interaction, and cognitive function. Secondly, this author analyzed the causes of the elderly mental health status in urban community fro
10、m the angles of social dimension, family and interpersonal relationships and the elderly themselves. From the social perspective, the social and cultural changes, the organizational and structural changes, the information development, the awareness of the mental health and the lack of knowledge are
11、the major factors affecting the elderly mental health; from family and interpersonal relationship factor, marriage, family relationship, and the interpersonal relationship influence the elderly mental health; the condition of health, economic condition, personality characteristics, and level of wiuc
12、ation etc. are all the major factor. Finally, based on the above analysis, this author explored the education strategies of the mental health of the elderly in urban community from an educational perspective. During the current period of social transition in China where social support is relatively
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- 城镇 社区 老年 心理 健康状况 及其 教育 对策 研究
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